  |
はてなキーワード: Internationalとは
まだ、例がそこまで集まっていないが、二つ手に入れたので記入
ゲームブックは昔隆盛したが衰退している。
オープンワールドは現在盛り上がっているが、将来下火になるだろうという自分の予測。
・オープンワールド(https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89)
いわゆるステージ制のような一方通行あるいは限定的な経路や、ゲームプレイが中断されるロード画面を繰り返し挟んだ構成などから成るのではなく、シームレスで自由な移動や行動が可能な単一の広い空間が中心のレベルデザインや、それを採用しているゲームのことをオープンワールドと呼ぶ。有名な例を挙げると、GTAシリーズやTESシリーズなどをイメージすると分かりやすいだろう。
つまるところ、オープンワールドという概念と呼び方はGTA3以降に定着したもの（先のシェンムーは「FREE」というジャンルを称していた）ではあるが、それと同様のレベルデザインは古くから様々なゲームタイトルで用いられており、概念が定着した現在では過去のゲーム作品のレベルデザインを指して呼ぶことも一般的である。ただし、過去のゲーム作品は当時オープンワールドと名乗っていた（意識して製作された）わけではなく、あくまでプレイヤー側の解釈なので若干曖昧な部分も含まれている。
こうした理由からオープンワールドという概念は厳密には2D/3Dを問わないものであり、3Dで構築されたワールドに限定されているわけではないが、3Dのオープンワールドの普及とともに広まった概念であり、その定義において3Dに限定して考える者も少なからずおり、2Dも含める者との間で解釈に違いが生じていることもある。（後述）
・ゲームブック(https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF)
本文は数十から数百個のパラグラフ（段落）に分けられており、各パラグラフには順に番号が付いている。読者はそれらのパラグラフを頭から順番に読むのではなく、パラグラフの末尾で指定された番号のパラグラフを次に読む。パラグラフ番号の代わりにページ数をそのまま利用し、1ページを1パラグラフとして扱うゲームブックもある。いずれも次に読むべきパラグラフは1つに限らず、多くは複数の行き先が存在する。それらはプレイヤーによる任意選択ができたり、後述するランダム要素によって決められたり、以前に行った選択や判定の結果が影響して決まる。このような方法によって、多様に変化するストーリーを実現している。
と、あるが
一方、当時の日本は任天堂のファミリーコンピュータ（ファミコン）をはじめとする家庭用ゲーム機が爆発的に普及していった時期であり、そのため日本ではコンピューターゲームをベースとしたゲームブックが多数発行された。特に双葉社の「ファミコン冒険ゲームブック」はコンピューターゲームを主体とした低年齢向けのゲームブックを多数だしており、最終的に130以上のタイトルが刊行された[1]。他にはケイブンシャから「アドベンチャーヒーローブックス」シリーズが刊行されるなど、数多くのゲームブックが発売されている。中には全て漫画で描かれた作品も存在した。ゲームメーカー自らが制作する例もありコナミからは双葉社を意識した装丁で、自社ブランドの『コナミワイワイワールド』、『メタルギア』や『魂斗羅』、『ドラゴンスクロール』などが発売されている。エニックス（現スクウェア・エニックス）からも「エニックスオリジナルゲームブック」として、同社が発売したコンピュータRPGの人気作ドラゴンクエストシリーズ（ゲームブックドラゴンクエストの項参照）などのゲームブック化作品が発行されている。 「所さんのまもるもせめるも」は所ジョージ自身が書いた。
さらに
本の形式ではないためゲームブックとは異なるが電話を使用したテレホンアドベンチャーと呼ばれる作品も存在する。これは決められた電話番号にかけると音声ドラマが流れ、選択肢番号の代わりに電話番号が示される形式であった。正しい選択肢を選ぶと少ない電話代で最後にまで辿り着くことができ、そこでのメッセージを送ると抽籤で賞品が当たるようになっていた。『地層階級王国』や『次元からくり漂流記』『魔界横断ドラゴンラリー』など双葉社の作品があった。
後にCDが普及すると各トラックが選択肢番号になっている作品も存在する。選択肢の代わりに指示されたトラックを選択すると音声ドラマが流れるという形式である。ゲームブック原作からは『地層階級王国』と『次元からくり漂流記』の二作品がCDゲーム化されている。
コンピュータゲームの一ジャンルであるサウンドノベル（またはビジュアルノベル）は、ゲームブックの影響を受けたものであり、画像や音楽による演出やゲームブックでは難しいマルチストーリーやエンディングを盛り込んだものとなっている。[2]
ここで、私がよいと思う定義の発展性をみよう
・ローグライト(新しい方)
・ローグライク(https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0)
「International Roguelike Development Conference 2008」において議論された、ローグライクの持つ要素[2]。 厳密な定義ではなく、いくつかの要素を無視しても構わない。
ランダムな環境生成 ― マップ構造やアイテム配置がランダムで、リプレイ性が高い。
恒久的な死 ― 一度死んでしまえば最初からやり直しになる。ランダムな環境生成と合わさることでゲームが面白くなる。
ターン制 ― 一つのコマンドが一つの動作に対応する。じっくりと考えながらプレイできる。
グリッドベース ― ゲーム世界がタイル（マス目）で構成されている。
ノンモーダル ― 移動も戦闘も一つの画面で完結しており、画面変遷を伴わない。AngbandやCrawlの「店」等、しばしば無視される。
複雑さ ― 豊富なアイテムやモンスターが用意されており、ゲームの解法が一つではない
リソース管理 ― 限られたリソース（食料やポーション）を管理し、その用途を考える。
ハックアンドスラッシュ ― 多くのモンスターを次々に倒していく。
探索と発見 ― マップを慎重に調査し、未知のアイテムの使用法を発見する。
1人のプレイヤーキャラクター ― プレイヤーは1人のキャラクターのみを操作し、そのキャラクターの死をもってゲームオーバーとなる。
プレイヤーに似たモンスター ― プレイヤーとモンスターに同じルールを適用する。モンスターもアイテムや装備を持ち、魔法を使う。
戦術的な挑戦 ― ゲームの難易度が高く、何度もプレイすることで戦術を学び、プレイヤー自身が成長していく。
数値 ― ヒットポイント等の数値が明示されている。
・ローグライト(https://minorgame.syowp.com/archives/roguelike-roguelite.html)
有名なSFゲーム『FTL： Faster Than Light』。ランダム生成された星系マップを進んでいき、そのさきざきでランダムイベントが起こります。
つまり厳密にはローグライクではないけど、「死んだら終わり」「ランダムマップ」という『ローグ』の要素があるものです。
ゲーム評論家のTotalBiscuit（John Peter Bain）氏は、それらを「ローグライト（Rogue-lite）」という概念で位置付けました。
唐突にreviewerがいない、とか何の話だよｗ
Nature is a weekly international journal publishing the finest peer-reviewed research in all fields of science and technology on the basis of its originality, importance, interdisciplinary interest, timeliness, accessibility, elegance and surprising conclusions.
0904 名無しさん＠お腹いっぱい。 2020/11/29 19:27:21
ことの発端は、彼が2019年8月22日に投稿したYouTubeからでしたが、
これをアメリカのオンライン紙「International Business Times（４月４日付）」
彼は『2019年11月から2020年4月に世界が直面する危機』というタイトルの動画の中で、
● 2019年11月からウィルスによるパンデミックが発生する
● 2020年3月～4月にピークに達し、世界は非常に困難な時期を迎える
● これは、5月29日以後徐々に収束していくが、6月末までは良いニュースがない
を見事に言い当てていました。それだけでなく、それ以降の予言もしているのが問題で。。
● 2020年12/20～2021年3/31までの期間は、スーパーバグ（超耐性菌）が現れる
その恐ろしさとは
・1~2日、または数時間以内に死亡
アナンド・アビギャ君が去年8月に預言していた動画：https://m.youtube.com/watch?feature=youtu.be+ID%3ARDGsYbZV%2F2%29&v=nZyNhpqMIHY
マジで近年ゲームしてなさそう。「顧客じゃないのに顧客ぶる」、いわば「俺はあいちトリエンナーレに毎年行ってた」と主張するような客
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy5 欧米とガチャの相性が悪いのは前から知ってた
chungus 普通とか言ってる人は恥を知ってくれ ガチャを導入するだけで大きく批判される風潮だったら日本のゲームは今より１００倍面白かったかもしれないのに
yingze 日本だとパチンコからソシャゲに流れてきた病気の人が金を突っ込んでいく流れが分かるけど、外国だと最初に何でギャンブル依存症になっていくんだろう？
secseek もう韓国や日本でガチャが廃れるのは期待できないので、欧米でアレルギーになって規制されるのを祈りたいですね。せっかくのゲームがガチャではウンザリです
ch1248 欧米が『後進国』に見える例。 GAME論international*資料
shields-pikes むしろ、原神がガチャ文化を世界に広めてくれたら、日本のガチ過ぎるガチャゲーも世界で売れるようになるのでは？ 日本人はパチンコで日常的にギャンブルに触れてるから、ガチャにも違和感持たないんだよな。
鉄腕アトム「透明巨人の巻」という話がある。若き天才である花房博士が物質伝送機のせいで、ウサギ、魚、ロボットの融合した怪物になってしまうエピソードで、「ハエ男の恐怖」が元になっている。その最終部で、博士が悪党を罰するために物質伝送機であちこちに飛ばしてヒーヒー言わせるドタバタがあるが、その中でラインダンスの真っただ中に飛ばす。悪党どもが冷や汗をかきながら一緒に踊ってごまかす横で、レオタード姿の女性が並んでいる。
また、これはどこで読んだのか忘れたのだが、手塚治虫が宝塚劇場を訪れ、レオタードというか舞台衣装の女性に囲まれて興奮のあまり卒倒しているコマのある漫画があったと記憶している。
つまるところ、こういうスカートやレオタードのラインダンスは宝塚が起源なのだろうか？
まずは基礎的な情報を手に入れるために、ウィキペディアで「ラインダンス」を検索した。すると、意外な事実に行きあたった。
ラインダンス（Line Dance）とは、ダンスフロアに整列し、全員が一斉に同じステップを踏むダンス。主にカントリー・ミュージックやポップスなどの曲で踊られることが多いが、音楽ジャンルに特に限定は無い。
また日本ではポンキッキーズという番組で知名度を上げている。本番組の場合では、主に小中学生の女子は椅子を一列に並べた状態で、ポンキッキーズれていた[ママ]曲や洋楽を流しながら座ったり立ったりしてラインダンスを行う形だった。それに加えて普通のダンスを混ぜて行う為に非常に難易度が高かったが、成功すると非常に見た目がよく、放送当時はこのダンスを学芸会や体育祭で取りあげる学校も多かった。
ひらけ！ ポンキッキ！から視聴していた自分のような人間からすると非常に懐かしい。しかし、あの女子たちの踊りは確かに脚を上げるものではなかった。
それならば、あの踊りの名前は何か？ 散々探し回った結果、次のことが分かった。横に並んで脚を上げる踊りはロケットダンスと呼ぶそうだ。なるほど、このキーワードで探すとたくさん見つかる。リンクが多いと投稿できないので、冒頭のhを抜く。
ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4i7y6XE7sz8
ttps://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/sm31659056
ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVewBno93RA&list=RDfVewBno93RA&start_radio=1&t=137
名称は、米国のダンスカンパニーロケッツからだろうか？（後ろの男性諸君の笑顔がいい）
ロケッツは、1925年にセントルイスで、「ミズーリ・ロケッツ (Missouri Rockets)」として結成された。創設者のラッセル・マーカートは、1922年にブロードウェイの「ジーグフェルド・フォリーズ」で見た「the John Tiller Girls」(英国のダンス・グループ)にヒントを得て、「もし、もっと背が高くてもっと脚が長いアメリカ人の女の子たちに、複雑なタップダンスと目の高さのハイキックをさせることができたら...イチコロだ!」と確信した。
だが、ここから名前が来ているとすれば、ラインダンスはフレンチ・カンカンではなくアメリカ起源ということになる。
第二次世界大戦終結後の1946年に、宝塚音楽舞踊学校を宝塚音楽学校と改称し、4月22日から宝塚大劇場で公演を再開した。再開第1作は『カルメン』『春のおどり』の二本立てで、大戦中に入団した計3期69名がラインダンスを披露した。
とある。ここまでは想像がついた。宝塚ではなく松竹のであるが、おおよそ同時代の写真がある。
1927年、岸田辰彌が欧米遊学から帰国。岸田はこの経験を活かして、日本初のレビュー『モン・パリ 〜吾が巴里よ!〜』を日本人の世界旅行記をテーマにして制作する。同年9月1日から上演され、画期的な内容で大ヒットを記録した。主題歌レコードがヒット、当時としては露出の高い豪華な衣装も話題となった。ラインダンスを初めて演目に取り入れ、16段ながら（現在は26段）大階段も登場した。以後、少女歌劇のレビューに欠かせないものとして定着する。
つまり、ラインダンスは1927年にまでさかのぼるのだ！ 実際問題、当時としては露出の高いと書かれているが、それがどの程度かはよくわからない。ウィキペディアに写真はあるが不鮮明だからだ。歯がゆい！
しかし、1930年の「パリゼット」の写真はあった。確実なことは言えないが、ほぼレオタードだ。日本国内で初めてバレエが演じられたのは1911年の帝国劇場であり、レオタード的なものに対する抵抗は、わずかながらも減っていた可能性がある。
今まで、同じ少女歌劇団としてこの二者を併記したが、それぞれカラーは大きく異なる。長くなるが、「松竹歌劇団」の項から引用する。
宝塚歌劇との比較では、松竹歌劇の方がよりスピード感と大人の男性の嗜好（色香）を優先した演出を行っていた。これは片や下町の浅草、片や山の手の日比谷（東京宝塚劇場）という、両者が拠点とした土地柄の違いによるものともされるが、前述のように、東京松竹が発足する以前から、松竹レビューの基本要素には「エロティシズム」が含まれていた。青地晨は次のように述べている。「昔はズカファンにとっては松竹は下品でみられなかったし、SKDファンには宝塚は気取って鼻もちならなかった。だが、二派に分れてシノギを削るほど、本質的な違いはなかったにせよ、宝塚と松竹と、それぞれのカラアと伝統があったことはいうまでもない」。戦後の占領期には松竹・宝塚両方を取り上げる雑誌が複数刊行されており、ある程度観客層の重複もあったとみられるが、戦前からのファンには、両方を愛好するファンを「節操がない」と批判する向きもあったという。
こうした説を補強する、次のような画像がある。
1932年、松竹の「らぶ・ぱれいど」公演の様子。 明確にレオタードを確認できる。
スポーツ新聞ではラインダンスを撮影するとき、たいてい脚を上げているところを映しており、これってどうなのか、と思わなくもない。最近、女子スポーツの写真をことさら性的に撮影することを阻むため、JOCが対策に乗り出すことにしたそうだ。いいことだと思う。女性がスポーツを思い切り楽しむとともに、写真を撮る楽しみも守られるよう明確なガイドラインを望む。それと同時に、スポーツ新聞のこういうチアのアンスコばっかり撮っちゃう傾向にも一定の歯止めがあってしかるべきだろう。ついでにノーバン始球式という表現もギャグが滑っている気がする。
しかし、自分も同罪かもしれない。ある程度読んでもらうためにはタイトルを工夫せねばならず、レオタードで読者を釣ってしまっている。
上記の松竹歌劇団の動画が含まれているリストをたどっていると、驚くべきものを見つけた。
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVKkNAf1ruI&list=RDfVewBno93RA/
なんと、1940年代にはすでにチアの見せパンのようなものが存在していた！ こうなると、見せパンの歴史はサーカスの衣装などにまでその調査を広げないといけない。もっとも、これは見せパンなのかスカート付きレオタードなのか判然としない。一瞬お腹は見えてるけど……。
英語版ウィキペディアのshortの項には、bun huggers（ショーツみたいなブルマー）について次の記載があった。
In 2008 it was noted that the International Volleyball Federation used to require that female volleyball players wear such garments while playing.
なんと、ブルマータイプの衣装の強制が21世紀になっても行われていたのである。にわかには信じがたい。以前にはビーチバレーの衣装の強制について調べたが、問題はここにもあったのである。
さいわい、こうしたことは昨今になって改善され、好きなものを着ていいことになった。動きやすいようにショートパンツが多いが、ブルマーが強制されなくて本当に良かった。
僕はブルマーが好きだ。だが、強制は大嫌いだ。ブルマーが好きなら嫌がる女性にはかせて喜ぶなどもってのほかだ。
それとは別に「Short shorts」と呼ばれる短パンがあることも知った。自分が以前の記事で1930年の The Women’s League of Health And Beauty=The Woman’s League of Health and Beautyのブルマー風のものやナチス時代にブルマーにカウントしていたのはこれだったかもしれない。やはり写真だけではわからないことが多いが、念のため訂正しておく。ブルマーの世界的な分布についても、再考を要する。
今回は、フレンチ・カンカンへの興味から派生して、ラインダンスについて調べた。1930年代にまでさかのぼることが分かったが、それがフレンチ・カンカンからの影響を受けているとはっきり示すには至っていない。彼がパリにいたのは名高いMistinguettが活躍した時期のことで年代に矛盾はないが、証拠は不十分である。
また、追加調査により、ブルマーや見せパンの広がりの年代がかなりずれる可能性が見つかった。今後も調査に役立ちそうなキーワードが見つかり次第、記録していきたい。
I would like to write about what I know and understand about the Soka Gakkai because the D.C. Times published an article titled "China's Manipulation of Japan, NPOs and Soka Gakkai Act as Pipeline = U.S. Think Tank Report".
First of all, as a premise, the Soka Gakkai is a cult.
This is because there is a definition of a religious cult, and the reality of the Soka Gakkai falls under that definition in many ways.
You can read more about the definition of a religious cult and mind control in the book "Combating Cult Mind Control: The #1 Best-selling Guide to Protection, Rescue, and Recovery from Destructive Cults ".
The Soka Gakkai is also a collection of criminals, sick people and poor people.
In fact, the Soka Gakkai is similar to the mafia gangs in Italy and Mexico, and it has reigned as the largest criminal and anti-society organization in Japan in the name of a religious organization.
Many of its members have been brainwashed and are unable to recognize and judge themselves as normal human beings.
In the 1950s and 1980s, Soka Gakkai members were forcibly recruited to join the Soka Gakkai, and nowadays, it is estimated that about 10% of the Japanese people are members of the Gakkai (Soka Gakkai members).
In particular, the Soka Gakkai has infiltrated civil servants, specifically the police force, the fire department, and the Self-Defense Forces, and it has been revealed that 20 to 30% of the Metropolitan Police Department's employees are members of the Soka Gakkai.
There is always a certain percentage of Soka Gakkai members in elementary, middle, and high school classes, and in corporate workplaces, and therefore it is taboo to criticize the Soka Gakkai in those communities.
This is because the Gakkai members in each community monitor the words and actions of their community members in the same way as the mainland communists who have infiltrated Hong Kong, and if someone speaks out against the Soka Gakkai, they will target that person and initiate a campaign of sabotage.
The sabotage is similar to the CPC's repressive actions against human rights activists in Hong Kong, including obstructing, harassing, and following them around, an act that has been described as mass stalking.
For example, in Japan, if you make a placating statement in a school class or at work that the Soka Gakkai is a cult religious group because it meets the definition of a cult group, members of the Gakkai in the community get madly angry (depending on the degree of mind control they are receiving) or bite off their anger to deny the statement.
Then they label the person who made such a statement as "anti", and they also share information about the antis with other members of the Soka Gakkai, and begin to perceive them as "beings to be punished by Buddha", to be targets of surveillance and group attacks.
In reality, however, the definition of a religious cult was not defined for the Soka Gakkai but for dangerous religious groups such as Aum Shinrikyo and People's Temple, which were intended to prevent ordinary people from being harmed by them.
The Soka Gakkai falls under the definition of a cult because the Soka Gakkai has cult-like tendencies.
When Soka Gakkai members are pointed out to the Soka Gakkai, instead of thinking "Let's fix what's wrong with my religious group," they think of suppressing their critics (anti) and silencing them, which is a pattern of thinking and behavior of a fanatic of a religious cult, and the sarin gas attack (terrorism). I feel that the followers of Aum Shinrikyo at the time when it was founded must have had a similar pattern of thinking and behavior.
Believers in cult groups are unconsciously mind-controlled and brainwashed, so they don't think that they should change their way of thinking and behavior when criticism is pointed out to them. In this respect, their attitude is similar to that of the Chinese Communist Party towards the demands of human rights activists in Hong Kong, i.e., the fanatics of cult groups such as the Soka Gakkai are not normal human beings.
By the way, there is an organization called JCP in Japan, which is also anti-American and illegal in the United States.
It is well known that some anti-American organizations cooperate with each other in order to undermine this country by signing a pact called "Soko Kyodo Agreement" and facilitating agents of anti-Japanese and anti-American groups.
It is obvious that the JCP is an anti-American terrorist organization in nature and that the JCP is a cult-like organization when it signs an agreement with a religious cult.
From another point of view, the Soka Gakkai, to its followers, appears to be a huge organization that carries out fraudulent and criminal activities such as Ponzi schemes and network businesses. It also has elements of a black business, and believers who join the Soka Gakkai are becoming materially and mentally exhausted.
The following blog, run by Mr. Sinifié, exposes the reality of the Soka Gakkai. It contains the testimonies and experiences of many current and former Soka Gakkai members and ex-members who have left the Gakkai.
It is clear that this reality of the Soka Gakkai is far removed from the original role of religion, which is to provide individuals with peace of mind and spiritual support.
As the saying goes, "like begets friend," it is only natural for the Soka Gakkai to try to maintain a good relationship with the CPC.
However, many Chinese who have worked in Japan seem to dislike the Soka Gakkai and return to their countries.
Although the Soka Gakkai employs a different strategy than Aum Shinrikyo and has infiltrated many organizations such as corporations, police, fire departments, the Self-Defense Forces, and local government officials, the Soka Gakkai members who have infiltrated the Kasumigaseki bureaucracy and the Self-Defense Forces are considered dangerous to the U.S. because they are inherently dangerous.
Because they are essentially anti-American and may act as agents to cooperate with the CPC.
There are some findings that are common knowledge among intellectuals in the U.S. and Europe but have not been made known to the Japanese people in Japan because the media and bureaucrats have stopped them.
One of them is that the Soka Gakkai headquarters has been sending donations from Gakkai members to Noriega (former general, now imprisoned) in Panama for large-scale tax evasion and money laundering.
Noriega received a large amount of money from Daisaku Ikeda of the Soka Gakkai and invested it in his own drug business, spreading drugs on an international level.
Daisaku Ikeda of the Soka Gakkai has been investing and managing the donations collected from Gakkai members in Noriega's drug business as well as tax evasion and money laundering. At the same time, the Soka Gakkai and Daisaku Ikeda invested the donations they received from Gakkai members in Noriega's drug business as a means of tax evasion and money laundering, and returned the profits to the domestic market to help the Soka Gakkai executives line their pockets and build Soka Gakkai facilities and Soka University.
The fact that Daisaku Ikeda raised Noriega's profile in the Seikyo Shimbun during the same period must be undeniable to those Gakkai members who have subscribed to the Seikyo Shimbun.
In particular, there are many Gakkai members at the level of police organizations, the Metropolitan Police Department and prefectures, who have been causing social problems and covering up crimes committed by Gakkai members in Japan.
Well, if they are in a state of unconscious brainwashing and mind control, they may not believe the contents, and may assume a pattern of behavior such as getting angry, grumpy, or attacking the writer.
In other words, one can expect a lot of denial of facts like the followers of Aum Shinrikyo, which is easy to expect, but this (the issue of Soka Gakkai and drug business, tax evasion, and money laundering) is a fact that was revealed because Noriega was arrested and imprisoned for spreading drugs in the US. This is a fact that is well known as common knowledge in the U.S. and Europe.
The fact that the Soka Gakkai is a criminal organization is very difficult to deny.
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Coronavirus: speranze dalla scoperta di Sandro Giannini, 10 Aprile, 2020
https://buongiornonews.it/coronavirus-una-speranza-dalla-scoperta-del-prof-giannini/
1) 英訳（Google translate を利用させて頂きました）
Coronavirus: hopes from the discovery of Sandro Giannini
Bologna - From social media comes good news about the Coronavirus, perhaps decisive, which has scientific foundations and is disseminated by an authoritative doctor from Rizzoli of Bologna, Sandro Giannini. His is a highly qualified curriculum: Full Professor of Orthopedics and Traumatology and of Physical Medicine at the University of Bologna since 1989, director of Clinic I at the Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute and of the Gait Analysis Laboratory, partner in European projects and in national and international research programs, author of more than 600 presentations at national and international conferences and more than 400 articles in Science Citation Index journals. His message gives great hope. Let's read:
“I don't want to seem overwhelming to you, but I think I've demonstrated the cause of coronavirus lethality. Only at Blessed Matthew are there 2 cardiologists who turn over 150 beds to do echocardium with enormous effort and one is me. Terrible fatigue! However, of what some supposed, but could not be sure, we now have the first data. People go to resuscitation for generalized venous thromboembolism, especially pulmonary. If this were the case, resuscitations and intubations are of no use because first of all you have to dissolve, indeed prevent these thromboembolisms. If you ventilate a lung where blood does not reach, it is not needed! In fact 9 out of 10 die. Because the problem is cardiovascular, not respiratory! It is venous microthrombosis, not pneumonia that determines fatality!
And why are thrombi formed? Because inflammation, as per school text, induces thrombosis through a complex but well-known pathophysiological mechanism. Then? Contrary to what scientific literature, especially Chinese, said until mid-March, it was that anti-inflammatories should not be used. Now in Italy anti-inflammatories and antibiotics are used (as in the influences) and the number of inpatients collapses. Many deaths, even 40 years old, had a history of high fever for 10-15 days that was not treated properly. Here inflammation has destroyed everything and prepared the ground for thrombi formation. Because the main problem is not the virus, but the immune reaction that destroys the cells where the virus enters. In fact, our COVID departments have never entered patients with rheumatoid arthritis! Because they make cortisone, a powerful anti-inflammatory!
Therefore, hospitalizations in Italy are decreasing and it is becoming a disease that is treated at home. By taking care of it well at home, you avoid not only hospitalization, but also the thrombotic risk. It was not easy to understand it because the signs of microembolism have faded, even at the echocardium. But this weekend I compared the data of the first 50 patients between those who breathe badly and those who don't and the situation appeared very clear. For me you can go back to playing and reopen the business. Quarantine street. Not now. But time to publish this data. Vaccine can arrive calmly. In America and other states that follow the scientific literature that calls for NOT to use anti-inflammatories is a disaster! Worse than in Italy. And they are old and cheap drugs. " (Associated Medias - Red / Giut)
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2) 原文：イタリア語
Coronavirus: speranze dalla scoperta di Sandro Giannini
Bologna – Dai social arriva una buona notizia sul Coronavirus, forse risolutiva, che ha fondamenta scientifiche ed è diffusa da un medico autorevole del Rizzoli di Bologna, Sandro Giannini. Il suo è un curriculum molto qualificato: Professore ordinario di Ortopedia e Traumatologia e di Medicina Fisica presso l’Università di Bologna dal 1989, direttore della Clinica I presso l’Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli e del Laboratorio di Gait Analysis, partner in progetti europei e in programmi di ricerca nazionali e internazionali, autore di più di 600 presentazioni a congressi nazionali ed internazionali e più di 400 articoli in riviste Science Citation Index. Il suo messaggio dà grande speranza. Leggiamolo:
“Non vorrei sembrarvi eccessivo ma credo di aver dimostrato la causa della letalità del coronavirus. Solo al Beato Matteo ci sono 2 cardiologi che girano su 150 letti a fare ecocardio con enorme fatica e uno sono io. Fatica terribile! Però, di quello che alcuni supponevano, ma non ne riuscivano a essere sicuri, ora abbiamo i primi dati. La gente va in rianimazione per tromboembolia venosa generalizzata, soprattutto polmonare. Se così fosse, non servono a niente le rianimazioni e le intubazioni perché innanzitutto devi sciogliere, anzi prevenire queste tromboembolie. Se ventili un polmone dove il sangue non arriva, non serve! Infatti muoiono 9 su 10. Perche il problema è cardiovascolare, non respiratorio! Sono le microtrombosi venose, non la polmonite a determinare la fatalità!
E perché si formano trombi? Perche l’infiammazione come da testo scolastico, induce trombosi attraverso un meccanismo fisiopatologico complesso ma ben noto. Allora? Contrariamente a quello che la letteratura scientifica, soprattutto cinese, diceva fino a metà marzo era che non bisognava usare antinfiammatori. Ora in Italia si usano antinfiammatori e antibiotici (come nelle influenze) e il numero dei ricoverati crolla. Molti morti, anche di 40 anni, avevano una storia di febbre alta per 10-15 giorni non curata adeguatamente. Qui l’infiammazione ha distrutto tutto e preparato il terreno alla formazione dei trombi. Perche il problema principale non è il virus, ma la reazione immunitaria che distrugge le cellule dove il virus entra. Infatti nei nostri reparti COVID non sono mai entrati malati di artrite reumatoide! Perche fanno il cortisone, un potente antinfiammatorio!
Pertanto, in Italia ospedalizzazioni si riducono e sta diventando una malattia che si cura a casa. Curandola bene a casa eviti non solo ospedalizzazione, ma anche il rischio trombotico. Non era facile capirlo perché i segni della microembolia sono sfumati, anche all’ecocardio. Ma questo week end ho confrontato i dati dei primi 50 pazienti tra chi respira male e chi no e la situazione è apparsa molto chiara. Per me si può tornare a giocare e riaprire l’attività commerciali. Via quarantena. Non subito. Ma il tempo di pubblicare questi dati. Vaccino può arrivare con calma. In America e altri stati che seguono la letteratura scientifica che invita a NON usare antinfiammatori e’ un disastro! Peggio che in Italia. E sono farmaci vecchi e che costano pochi euro.”
(Associated Medias – Red/Giut)
———
3) 追記
これ↓はどうも違う、ということのようです。
FDAが、COVID-19への非ステロイド性抗炎症薬（NSAIDs）使用について助言, 2020年4月1日
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360060187271-31-03-2020-Паромщица-5-серия-онлайн-сериал-смотреть-от-31-марта
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/ru-tu/community/posts/360060280412-31-03-2020-Патриот-16-серия-смотреть-качество-HD-
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360060187051-31-03-2020-Паромщица-4-серия-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-от-31-марта
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360060186631-31-03-2020-Карпатский-рейнджер-21-серия-в-хорошем-качестве-
https://hultfinance.zendesk.com/hc/ru-tu/community/posts/360042559913-1-04-2020-Карпатский-рейнджер-21-серия-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-от-31-марта-
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/ru-tu/community/posts/360060280132-31-03-2020-Солдатки-3-серия-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-от-31-марта
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/ua-tu/community/posts/360060186271-31-03-2020-257-причин-чтобы-жить-3-серия-смотреть-бесплатно-в-хорошем-качестве-от-31-марта-
https://hultfinance.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042362194-1-04-2020-Карпатский-рейнджер-21-серия-в-хорошем-качестве-
https://hultfinance.zendesk.com/hc/ru-tu/community/posts/360042362574-1-04-2020-Заступники-6-серия-в-хорошем-качестве-
https://hultfinance.zendesk.com/hc/ua-tu/community/posts/360042361174-1-04-2020-Корни-19-серия-смотреть-качество-HD-
https://hultfinance.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042558173-1-04-2020-Карпатский-рейнджер-24-серия-все-серии-сезона-от-31-марта-
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/ru-tu/community/posts/360060280452--Корни-19-серия-31-03-2020-все-серии-сезона-
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360060186671--Корни-18-серия-31-03-2020-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-
https://hultfinance.zendesk.com/hc/ru-tu/community/posts/360042559433-1-04-2020-Женский-Стендап-12-серия-тнт-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-от-31-марта-
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360060280132-31-03-2020-Солдатки-3-серия-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-от-31-марта
https://hultfinance.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042558813-1-04-2020-Место-под-солнцем-35-серия-смотреть-качество-HD-от-31-марта
https://apprisspmpclearinghouse.zendesk.com/hc/ua-tu/community/posts/360060280952-31-03-2020-Карпатский-рейнджер-21-серия-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-от-31-марта-
https://hultfinance.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042362274--Тайная-любовь-9-серия-1-04-2020-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-
https://rufilms.zendesk.com/hc/ru/articles/360007157278
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/592082682250706920
https://nl.pinterest.com/pin/592082682250706920
https://www.pinterest.ru/pin/592082682250706920
オリンピック憲章やってみた。そりゃ既存に比べればよくなっているとは思うが、うーん、大騒ぎするほどなのかどうか。。わからん。プロの意見が知りたいところ。
ソース：https://www.joc.or.jp/olympism/charter/
元英文
The Olympic Charter (OC) is the codification of the Fundamental Principles of Olympism,Rules and Bye-laws adopted by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). It governs the organisation, action and operation of the Olympic Movement and sets forth the conditions for the celebration of the Olympic Games. In essence, the Olympic Charter serves three main purposes:
a) The Olympic Charter, as a basic instrument of a constitutional nature, sets forth and recalls the Fundamental Principles and essential values of Olympism.
b) The Olympic Charter also serves as statutes for the International Olympic Committee.
c) In addition, the Olympic Charter defines the main reciprocal rights and obligations of the three main constituents of the Olympic Movement, namely the International Olympic Committee, the International Federations and the National Olympic Committees, as well as the Organising Committees for the Olympic Games, all of which are required to comply with the Olympic Charter.
オリンピック憲章 (OC) は、 国際オリンピック委員会 （IOC） により採択されたオリンピズムの根本原則、 規則および付属細則を成文化したものである。
憲章はオリンピック ・ ムーブメントの組織、 活動および作業の基準であり、 オリンピック競技大会の開催のための条件を定める。
a) オリンピック憲章は、 憲法的な性格を持つ基本的な法律文書として、 オリンピズムの根本原則とその根源的な価値を定め、 想起させる。
b) オリンピック憲章はまた、 国際オリンピック委員会の定款である。
c) オリンピック憲章はさらに、 オリンピック ・ ムーブメントの主要 3 構成要素である、 国際オリンピック委員会、 国際競技連盟、 国内オリンピック委員会と、 オリンピック競技大会の組織委員会の主な権利と義務を規定する。 これらの組織はオリンピック憲章を遵守する義務がある。
DeepLの機械翻訳（英→日）
オリンピック憲章（OC）は、オリンピズムの基本原則を成文化したものです。 国際オリンピック委員会（IOC）が採択した規則と細則。を規定しています。オリンピック運動の組織、活動、運営を行い、その条件を定めています。オリンピックを祝うために 本質的には、オリンピック憲章は次の3つの役割を果たしています。主な目的
a) オリンピック憲章は、憲法上の基本的な道具として、以下のことを規定しています。オリンピズムの基本原則と本質的な価値観を想起させる。
b) オリンピック憲章は、国際オリンピック委員会の規約としても機能する。
c) さらに、オリンピック憲章は、以下の主要な相互の権利と義務を定義している。オリンピック運動の三大構成要素である国際オリンピック 委員会、国際連盟、国内オリンピック委員会として オリンピックの組織委員会と同様に、すべての委員会は以下のことを要求されています。オリンピック憲章に準拠しています。
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)
みなさんこんにちは。
過去1週間で、COVID-19のケースが急速にエスカレートしました。
現在、中国よりも他の地域で多くの症例と死亡が報告されています。
また、学校を閉鎖したり、スポーツイベントやその他の集会をキャンセルしたりするなど、社会的距離の測定が急速に拡大していることも確認しています。
しかし、テスト、隔離、および連絡先の追跡における緊急の十分なエスカレーションは確認されていません。これは、応答のバックボーンです。
社会的距離測定は、伝播を減らし、医療システムが対処できるようにするのに役立ちます。
ひじに手を洗って咳をすることで、あなた自身や他の人のリスクを減らすことができます。
しかし、彼らだけでは、このパンデミックを消すのに十分ではありません。違いを生むのは組み合わせです。
私が言い続けているように、すべての国は包括的なアプローチをとらなければなりません。
しかし、感染を防ぎ、命を救う最も効果的な方法は、感染の連鎖を断ち切ることです。そして、それを行うには、テストして分離する必要があります。
目隠しされた火と戦うことはできません。そして、誰が感染しているかわからなければ、このパンデミックを止めることはできません。
テスト、テスト、テスト：すべての国に簡単なメッセージがあります。
検査結果が陽性の場合、それらを隔離し、症状が発現する2日前までに密接に接触していた人を見つけ、それらの人も検査します。[注：WHOは、COVID-19の症状を示す場合にのみ、確認されたケースの連絡先をテストすることを推奨しています]
毎日、世界的な需要を満たすために、より多くのテストが作成されています。
WHOは120か国にほぼ150万のテストを出荷しています。私たちは企業と協力して、最も困っている人のためにテストの可用性を高めています。
WHOは、感染を予防し、適切なケアを提供するために、確認されたすべての症例は、軽度の症例であっても、医療施設で隔離されるべきだと助言しています。
しかし、多くの国がすでに専用の医療施設で軽度の症例をケアする能力を超えていることを認識しています。
そのような状況では、国々は高齢の患者と基礎疾患のある患者を優先すべきです。
いくつかの国では、スタジアムとジムを使用して軽度の症例をケアし、重症で重大な症例を病院でケアすることで能力を拡大しています。
別の選択肢は、軽度の病気の患者を自宅で隔離して世話をすることです。
感染した人を自宅でケアすることは、他の人を同じ家庭に危険にさらす可能性があります。そのため、できる限り安全にケアを提供する方法について、介護者がWHOのガイダンスに従うことが重要です。
たとえば、患者と介護者の両方が同じ部屋にいるときは、医療用マスクを着用する必要があります。
患者は、他の人とは別の寝室で寝て、別の浴室を使用する必要があります。
一人の患者、理想的には健康で基礎疾患のない人をケアする人を割り当てます。
介護者は、患者またはその身近な環境に触れた後、手を洗う必要があります。
COVID-19に感染した人は、気分が悪くなった後でも他の人に感染する可能性があるため、これらの対策は症状が消えてから少なくとも2週間は継続する必要があります。
===
繰り返しますが、重要なメッセージは、テスト、テスト、テストです。
これは深刻な病気です。私たちが持っている証拠は、60歳以上の人が最も危険にさらされていることを示唆していますが、子供を含む若者は死にました。
WHOは、子供、高齢者、妊婦のケア方法に関する具体的な詳細を含む新しい臨床ガイダンスを発行しました。
これまでのところ、先進的な医療システムを備えた国で流行が見られました。しかし、彼らも対処するのに苦労しています。
ウイルスが低所得国に移動するにつれて、HIV感染率の高い人口や栄養失調の子供たちにウイルスが与える影響について深く懸念しています。
だからこそ、私たちはすべての国とすべての人に、感染を止めるためにできる限りのことをするよう呼びかけています。
手を洗うことは、感染のリスクを減らすのに役立ちます。しかし、それは連帯の行為でもあります。なぜなら、あなたのコミュニティや世界中の人々に感染するリスクを減らすからです。自分のために、他の人のために。
また、医薬品などの不可欠なアイテムを買いだめすることを控えることにより、連帯を表現するよう人々に求めます。
買いだめは薬や他の必須製品の不足を引き起こし、苦痛を悪化させる可能性があります。
COVID-19連帯対応基金に貢献したすべての人に感謝します。
金曜日にローンチして以来、110,000人を超える人々が約1,900万米ドルを寄付しました。
これらの資金は、診断テスト、医療従事者向けの消耗品の購入、研究開発の支援に役立ちます。
貢献したい場合は、who.intにアクセスして、ページ上部のオレンジ色の「寄付」ボタンをクリックしてください。
また、社会のさまざまな部門が集まっていることにも感謝しています。
これはSafeHands Challengeから始まりました。このチャレンジは、有名人、世界のリーダー、そしてあらゆる場所で手を洗う方法を示す人々を魅了しました。
今日の午後、WHOと国際商工会議所は、グローバルなビジネスコミュニティに共同で行動を呼びかけました。ICCは、従業員、顧客、地域社会を保護し、不可欠な物資の生産と流通をサポートするために、4500万を超える企業のネットワークに定期的なアドバイスを送信します。
ポールポルマン、アジャイバンガ、ジョンデントンのサポートとコラボレーションに感謝します。
また、WHOはGlobal Citizenと協力して、世界中の主要なミュージシャンとの一連のバーチャルコンサートであるSolidarity Sessionsを立ち上げています。
===
今後数日、数週間、数か月は、私たちの決意のテスト、科学への信頼のテスト、そして連帯のテストになります。
このような危機は、人類に最高と最悪をもたらす傾向があります。
私と同じように、バルコニーから医療従事者を称賛する人々のビデオや、地域の高齢者のために食料品の買い物をすることを申し出ている人々の物語に感動したと確信しています。
人間の連帯というこの驚くべき精神は、ウイルス自体よりもさらに感染力を高めなければなりません。しばらくは物理的に離れていなければならないかもしれませんが、これまでにない方法で一緒に集まることができます。
私たちは皆一緒にいます。そして、私たちは一緒にしか成功できません。
ありがとうございました。
WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 16 March 2020
16 March 2020
In the past week, we have seen a rapid escalation of cases of COVID-19.
More cases and deaths have now been reported in the rest of the world than in China.
We have also seen a rapid escalation in social distancing measures, like closing schools and cancelling sporting events and other gatherings.
But we have not seen an urgent enough escalation in testing, isolation and contact tracing – which is the backbone of the response.
Social distancing measures can help to reduce transmission and enable health systems to cope.
Handwashing and coughing into your elbow can reduce the risk for yourself and others.
But on their own, they are not enough to extinguish this pandemic. It’s the combination that makes the difference.
As I keep saying, all countries must take a comprehensive approach.
But the most effective way to prevent infections and save lives is breaking the chains of transmission. And to do that, you must test and isolate.
You cannot fight a fire blindfolded. And we cannot stop this pandemic if we don’t know who is infected.
We have a simple message for all countries: test, test, test.
If they test positive, isolate them and find out who they have been in close contact with up to 2 days before they developed symptoms, and test those people too. [NOTE: WHO recommends testing contacts of confirmed cases only if they show symptoms of COVID-19]
Every day, more tests are being produced to meet the global demand.
WHO has shipped almost 1.5 million tests to 120 countries. We’re working with companies to increase the availability of tests for those most in need.
WHO advises that all confirmed cases, even mild cases, should be isolated in health facilities, to prevent transmission and provide adequate care.
But we recognize that many countries have already exceeded their capacity to care for mild cases in dedicated health facilities.
In that situation, countries should prioritize older patients and those with underlying conditions.
Some countries have expanded their capacity by using stadiums and gyms to care for mild cases, with severe and critical cases cared for in hospitals.
Another option is for patients with mild disease to be isolated and cared for at home.
Caring for infected people at home may put others in the same household at risk, so it’s critical that care-givers follow WHO’s guidance on how to provide care as safely as possible.
For example, both the patient and their care-giver should wear a medical mask when they are together in the same room.
The patient should sleep in a separate bedroom to others and use a different bathroom.
Assign one person to care for the patient, ideally someone who is in good health and has no underlying conditions.
The care-giver should wash their hands after any contact with the patient or their immediate environment.
People infected with COVID-19 can still infect others after they stop feeling sick, so these measures should continue for at least two weeks after symptoms disappear.
Visitors should not be allowed until the end of this period.
There are more details in WHO’s guidance.
===
Once again, our key message is: test, test, test.
This is a serious disease. Although the evidence we have suggests that those over 60 are at highest risk, young people, including children, have died.
WHO has issued new clinical guidance, with specific details on how to care for children, older people and pregnant women.
So far, we have seen epidemics in countries with advanced health systems. But even they have struggled to cope.
As the virus moves to low-income countries, we're deeply concerned about the impact it could have among populations with high HIV prevalence, or among malnourished children.
That’s why we’re calling on every country and every individual to do everything they can to stop transmission.
Washing your hands will help to reduce your risk of infection. But it’s also an act of solidarity because it reduces the risk you will infect others in your community and around the world. Do it for yourself, do it for others.
We also ask people to express their solidarity by refraining from hoarding essential items, including medicines.
Hoarding can create shortages of medicines and other essential products, which can exacerbate suffering.
We’re grateful to everyone who has contributed to the COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund.
Since we launched it on Friday, more than 110,000 people have contributed almost 19 million U.S. dollars.
These funds will help to buy diagnostic tests, supplies for health workers and support research and development.
If you would like to contribute, please go to who.int and click on the orange “Donate” button at the top of the page.
We’re also grateful for the way different sectors of society are coming together.
This started with the SafeHands Challenge, which has attracted celebrities, world leaders and people everywhere demonstrating how to wash their hands.
This afternoon WHO and the International Chamber of Commerce issued a joint call to action to the global business community. The ICC will send regular advice to its network of more than 45 million businesses, to protect their workers, customers and local communities, and to support the production and distribution of essential supplies.
I’d like to thank Paul Polman, Ajay Banga and John Denton for their support and collaboration.
WHO is also working with Global Citizen to launch the Solidarity Sessions, a series of virtual concerts with leading musicians from around the world.
===
This is the defining global health crisis of our time.
The days, weeks and months ahead will be a test of our resolve, a test of our trust in science, and a test of solidarity.
Crises like this tend to bring out the best and worst in humanity.
Like me, I’m sure you have been touched by the videos of people applauding health workers from their balconies, or the stories of people offering to do grocery shopping for older people in their community.
This amazing spirit of human solidarity must become even more infectious than the virus itself. Although we may have to be physically apart from each other for a while, we can come together in ways we never have before.
We’re all in this together. And we can only succeed together.
So the rule of the game is: together.
Thank you.
https://anond.hatelabo.jp/20200219071929
コピペありがとう。英文として読めるように、文字起こし完成の作業をしている。終わったらここに貼りつけるね。→作業完了したから、この下に貼りつける。
英語版 文字起こし (自動生成）のコピペを、英語として読める文章にした。いくつか聞き取れていないところがあるので、わかる人がいたらトラバで教えてほしい。聞き取れていないところは「(inaudible01)」みたいに番号をふって記載してあるので、その番号を書いてトラバしてもらえると嬉しい。→20日朝、元動画がユーザーにより削除されていることを確認。よって、聞き取れなかった数か所はそのまま放置となります。あいすみません。
あと、増田って脚注使えないんだっけ((脚注のテスト))? いくつか注入れたいところがあるのだが、無理っぽいのでアナログな手法を取ることにした。若干読みづらいかもしれないが堪忍してほしい。
追記: Twitterで書いたんだけど、わざわざ時間を割いて（2時間くらいかかった）この作業をしたのは、YouTubeの自動生成字幕の、8割くらいは合ってるんだけどあとはめちゃくちゃという文面が善意で拡散されることを防ぎたかったため。元の主張を拡散したかったのではなく、誤った情報（変な英語）が拡散されるのを防ぎたかったのです。その点、ご理解をよろしくお願いします。
ソース動画: ※ユーザーにより削除済み（2020年2月20日朝確認）
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtHYZkLuKcI
Diamond Princess is COVID-19 mill. How I got in the ship and was removed from it within one day. - 2020/02/18, kentaro iwata
Hello. My name is Professor Kentaro Iwata. I am a specialist of infectious diseases at Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
Today I entered into[sic]*1 the cruise ship the Diamond Princess, which is, erm, bombarded by a lot of COVID-19 infeciton right now.
And I was removed from the ship on the same day and I'm gonna talk to you why this happened.
I was very concerned of the number of the people who got infected with the COVID-19 disease infections. Then I was wondering why this is[sic](was)*2 happening. I wanted to enter into the cruise ship and wanted to be useful in helping to containing infection there.
I spoke with several people and finally one officer at working for Ministry of Health and Labor called me yesterday, saying that well you can come and enter into a cruise ship and do the infection control works.
And I said fine then I prepared my stuff and I did all the paperworks and arrangement and got onto the Shinkansen from Kobe to Yokohama.
On the way to go to Yokohama I got another call from the same officer, saying, "Somebody didn't like me. So you can't get into the cruise ship." He was not able to say who, and he was not able to say why, but certainly some power over him affected his decision and I was blocked from entering into the ship.
Then after several discussions he found another way that if you could come as a DMAT member, you can come into the the cruise ship. DMAT is the disaster management medical team in Japan and usually deals with a disaster not infectious diseases, but because of the lack of the people who could help people inside a cruise ship to get out of the ship, or the managing of people, and so on, DMAT was requested to enter into the cruise ship.
Because my specialty is not disaster management, so I was not very happy about that, but because we had no other way I said, "Fine, I'll do that."
Additionally, I got another call that some people didn't like me getting into the cruise ship present even as a DMAT member. So another discussion happened then the I waited about one hour in Shin Yokohama Station, and finally the officer find a way. [He said] that "If you work for DMAT not as an infection prevention specialist but as an ordinary routine DMAT officer working under (inaudible01) DMAT doctor doing a routine job, then you could come into the cruise ship."
I was not very happy with that decision, but because there's no other way, so I said, "Fine, I'll get into the ship."
I entered the ship. Then I found the chief officer of the DMAT and spoke with him. I said, "Well I was assigned to the DMAT members (inaudible02) out whatever you want to say." Then he said, "Well, you don't have to work DMAT work because that's not your specialty. You are an infection prevention specialist, so why don't you do the infection control." Then I said, "Fine, I spoke with the superior of him who is[sic](was) in charge of the all the DMAT operations, and he also said, "You are an infection control person, so you should do infection control." I said, "Fine." But he said, "Well, you shouldn't be here as a DMAT member. You should come as (inaudible03) infection control specialist." He was not very happy about that while I was inside the DMAT. But because that was not my decision, there was no other way. So I said, "Well I have to do it."
I looked into the several places inside the ship and it turned out that the cruise ship was completely inadequate in terms of infection control.
There was no distinction between the Green Zone, which is free of infection, and the Red Zone, which is potentially contaminated by the virus.
So the people could come and go, (inaudible04) a PPE, off PPE. Crews were just walking around, the officers of the Ministry Health and Labor were walking around, DMAT people were walking around, psychiatrists were walking around.
And people were eating on the one plate. People were wearing PPE and off PPE, and eating lunch with their gloves on, and just dealing with the smartphone with full PPE, so it was completely chaotic.
And some crews had a fever. They went to the medical center while wearing N95 masks. But he didn't have any protection between his room and a medical room.
And the medical officer was not protecting herself. And she was very unhappy, saying that well she was already infected. I'm sure about that. She was completely giving up protecting herself.
Anyways I (have) dealt with a lots of infections (for) more than twenty years. I was in Africa dealing with the Ebola outbreak. I was in another country dealing with the cholera outbreak. I was in China in 2003 to deal with the SARS, and I saw many febrile patients there. I never had fear of getting infection myself for Ebola, SARS, (and) cholera, because I know[sic](knew) how to protect myself and how to protect others, and how the infection control should be. So I could do the adequate infection control; protect myself, and protect others.
But inside (the) Princess Diamond, I was so scared. I was so scared of getting COVID-19 because there was no way to tell where the virus is. No Green Zone, no Red Zone. Everywhere could have the virus and everybody was not careful about it.
There was no single professional infection control person inside the ship. And there was nobody in charge of infection prevention as a professional. The bureaucrats were in charge of everything.
I spoke with the head officer of the Ministry of Health and Labor and he was very unhappy with my suggestion of protecting DMAT people and other staffs so that no other secondary transmission would occur.
Then after several hours of talking to people and finding problems, I found a lot of issues there. For example, informed consent of getting a PCR from the people in the ship whereas(? inaudible05) on a paper, and that paper was going back and forth, back and forth with the room of the infection from the paper, by touching there[sic](it). So I suggested that maybe it's better to abandon the paper-type informed consent but rather getting the informed consent verbally would be more protective, and so on and so on.
I think I was reasonable. I never yell at anybody, I never criticize anybody personally, but I was trying to be constructive that we try to seek the constructive but immediate improvement to protect everybody inside the ship.
※このあたりから、独自に聞き取っておいてから字幕と照らし合わせるという方法に切り替えたので、ことばとことばの間のandなどを書かない頻度が増えます。
Then about five o'clock, the person from the quarantine office came in and approaced. (He) said, "Well you have to be out because you'll not be allowed inside the ship." Because I was inside the ship as a temporary officer of the quarantine. Apparently my bank(? inaudible06) was removed by somebody, and nobody said who, and then I was out.
The officer who offered me the job of infection control said he was sorry. Then I asked him, "So what do you wanna do? Do you want to infect everybody in the ship? It will be thousands of people who could potentially get COVID-19.
I don't criticize DMAT people. They were infection control specialists. Society of Infection Prevention entered, a lot of specialists came in, but they spent only a few days and they left. And they said they were fearful of getting infections themwelves.
I share the same fear. Because I'm in the same room now, and I separated from my family, I'm very scared of getting infection myself and I'm very scared of infecting my family too.
I'll be out of my medical services at Kobe University Hospital for maybe next two weeks to avoid further infections to occur. That is very likely to occur if you keep zero infection control inside the ship, the Diamond Princess, like this.
You might know that there is no CDC*3 in Japan, but I thought there must be some specialists called on and was[sic](were) in charge of infection control in ship. It's not expecting[sic](expected) (that) nobody was a professional infection control specialist, and (that) only the bureaucrats were doing the jobs, completely layman's work, violatiing all the infection control principles and risking people inside (of*4) further infections, so I'm not very surprised to see many new positive PCR to be broadcasted every day.
Hundreds of people got infected and a lot of people from outside Japan decided to take the people away from the ship and bring them to their home countries by airplane and offered them another 14 days of quarantine. I hope this will be an opportunity to raise a question (about) what is happening inside the ship.
I wish all the international bodies to request Japan to change. I wish everybody to call for the protection of people inside the Diamond Princess. Otherwise there'll be far more infections for passengers, for crews, for DMAT members, for psychiatrists, for officer(s) of the Ministry of Health and Labor. DMAT members consist of nurses and doctors and that they will go back to the hospital they work routinely and they might infect their patients further to spread the disease. I can't bear with it. I can't bear with it.
I think we have to change. We have to do something about these crews and we have to help people inside the ship, their safety and their life.
Again, I am Professor Kentaro Iwata, infectious disease specialist. Thank you for listening.
【注】
＊1: enterは他動詞なので本来はintoは不要。クソリプのような語注だが、英語教材屋なのでそこはすまん。今回は、原文尊重（編集を加えないこと）の観点からそのままintoをつけておくことにした。
＊2: 時制の一致でwasにしたほうがよいところ。これ系の文法ミスはほかにもごく少数含まれているが、原文尊重（編集を加えないこと）の観点から、そのまま文字起こしして、より望ましいと思われる語形をカッコで書き添えるようにした。本来、何も書かずにサクッと直すようなところだが、今回は編集者の処理が見えるようにすることが重要と考えた。
＊3: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 米国の政府機関。
＊4: risk ～ of ... という構文はたぶんないと思うが、書かれた言葉としてはここに何かないと文意が成立しないと思うので、便宜上ofを補っておく。
BBCが岩田教授にインタビューして、日本語記事を英語に先行して出しているので見るとよいと思う。このYouTube動画で説明されていなかった具体的なことも記者との質疑応答で説明されている。映像3分17秒。
感染症の専門家、客船内の感染対策を批判 BBCが取材: https://www.bbc.com/japanese/video-51556982
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtHYZkLuKcI
Diamond Princess is COVID-19 mill. How I got in the ship and was removed from it within one day.
kentaro iwata
00:00
hello my name is professor control yatta
00:04
I am a specialist of infectious diseases
00:07
at Kobe University Hospital kobe japan
00:11
today i entered into the guruship
00:16
diamond princess which is bombarded by a
00:21
lot of copied 19 infection right now and
00:24
I was removed from the ship on the same
00:27
day and I'm gonna talk to you why this
00:31
happened I was very concerned of the
00:34
number of the people who got infected
00:36
with copy 19 disease infections then the
00:40
I was wondering why this is happening I
00:43
wanted to enter into the cruise ship and
00:46
wanted to be useful in helping to
00:49
containing infection there I spoke with
00:53
several people and finally the one
00:55
officer at working for Ministry of
00:59
Health and Labor called me yesterday
01:02
saying that well you can come and enter
01:04
into a cruise ship and do the infection
01:06
control works and I said fine then I
01:08
prepared my stuff and II did all the
01:12
paperwork's and arrangement and they got
01:16
in onto the Shinkansen from Kobe to
01:18
Yokohama all the way to go to Yokohama I
01:20
got another call from the same officer
01:21
say that somebody didn't like me
01:25
so do you can't get into the cruise ship
01:28
the he was not able to say who and he
01:32
was not able to say why but certainly
01:35
01:37
affected his decision and I was blocked
01:41
from entering into the shape then after
01:44
several discussions he found another way
01:46
that if you could come as a woman
01:48
team-up member you can come in at into
01:51
the cruise ship Jima is the disaster
01:53
management medical team in Japan and
01:55
usually deals with disaster not
01:58
infectious diseases but because of the
02:00
lack of the people who could help people
02:02
inside a cruise ship to get out of the
02:05
ship or the managing of people and the
02:08
swansong limit was requested to enter in
02:12
the cruise ship because my specialty is
02:16
not a disaster management so I was not
02:18
very happy about that but because we
02:20
have no other way I said fine I'll do
02:22
that
02:23
additionally I got another call that
02:26
some people didn't like me getting into
02:28
the cruise ship present even as a team
02:30
at members ODI another discussion
02:33
happened then the I rated about our one
02:38
hour in shin-yokohama sessions and
02:40
finally the officer find a way that if
02:42
you work for Team act not as an
02:45
infection prevention specialist but as
02:47
the ordinary routine diamond officer
02:51
working under wounded team at doctor
02:53
doing a routine job then you could come
02:56
into the cruise ship I was not very
02:59
happy with that decision but because
03:02
there's no other way so I said finding
03:04
out get into the ship I entered the ship
03:07
then I found the chief officer of the
03:11
d-mat and spoke with him I said well I
03:15
was assigned to the d-mat members or the
03:17
out whatever you want to say they he
03:19
said well you don't have to work team at
03:22
work because that's not your specialty
03:23
and you are an infection prevention
03:26
specialist so why don't you do the
03:27
infection control then I said fine I
03:29
spoke with the superior of him who is in
03:33
charge of the ultimate operations and he
03:36
also said that you are infection control
03:38
person so you should do infection
03:39
control I said fine but he said well you
03:42
shouldn't be here as a d'emic member you
03:46
should come as the along to infection
03:47
control specialist he was not very happy
03:49
about while I was inside a demon but
03:54
because that was not my decision there
03:56
was no other way Sophie I said well I
03:58
have to do it
03:59
I looked into the several places inside
04:03
the ship and the turned out that the
04:07
cruise ship was completely inadequate in
04:10
terms of the infection control there was
04:15
no distinction between the Green Zone
04:18
which is the free of infection and the
04:20
04:22
contaminated by Paris so the people
04:25
could come
04:26
and go welding a PPE of PPE crews were
04:32
just walking around and the officers of
04:36
ministry the house and the labor was
04:38
walking around d-mat people are walking
04:40
around psychiatrists are walking around
04:42
and people were eating on the one
04:45
players people were wearing PPE and off
04:49
PPE and eating lunch with a club song
04:52
and just dealing with the smartphone
04:56
with full PPE so it was completely
04:59
chaotic and some crews had a fever they
05:06
went to the medical center while wearing
05:08
and nike5 masks but he didn't have any
05:11
protection between his room and a
05:14
medical room and the medical officer was
05:17
not protecting herself and that she was
05:20
very happy saying that well she was
05:24
already infected I'm sure about that
05:26
so the she was completely giving up
05:30
protecting herself
05:32
anyways I dealt with a lots of
05:36
infections more than twenty years and I
05:39
was in Africa dealing with the Ebola
05:41
outbreak I was in another country is
05:44
dealing with the kalila outbreak I was
05:48
in China in 2003 to deal with the sauce
05:52
and I saw many febrile patient there I
05:55
never had fear of getting infection
06:00
myself for Ebola SARS cholera because I
06:07
know how to protect myself and how to
06:12
protect others and how the infection
06:15
control should be SOT I could do the
06:18
adequate infection control protect
06:21
myself and protect others but inside
06:24
princess diamond I was so scared I was
06:29
so scared of getting copied 19 because
06:33
there was no way to tell where the virus
06:36
06:39
everywhere could have Barris and
06:41
everybody was not careful about it there
06:45
was no single professional infection
06:47
control person inside the ship and that
06:49
there was nobody in charge of infection
06:52
prevention as a professional the
06:53
bureaucrats were in charge of everything
06:55
and I spoke with the head officer of the
06:59
Ministry of Health on labor and he was
07:01
very happy with my suggestion of
07:04
protecting Deemer people and other
07:06
staffs so that no other secondary
07:09
transmission to occur then after several
07:13
hours of talking to people and finding
07:16
problems I found a lot of issues there
07:19
for example informed consent of getting
07:23
a pcr from the people in the ship
07:26
whereas on a paper and that paper was
07:30
going back and forth back and forth with
07:34
the room of the infection from the paper
07:36
by touching there so I suggested that
07:38
maybe it's better to abandon the paper
07:42
type informed consent but resolutely
07:44
07:46
probably would be more protective so on
07:49
so on so yeah I I think I was reasonable
07:53
and I never yell at anybody and I never
07:56
criticize anybody personally but I was
07:59
trying to be constructive but we try to
08:01
seek the constructive but immediate
08:05
improvement to protect everybody inside
08:09
the ship then about five o'clock the
08:13
person from the quarantine of his came
08:15
in and approached said well you have to
08:17
be out because you will not be allowed
08:20
to insert a shape because I was inside
08:23
ship as the temporary officer of the
08:26
crown quarantine that he apparently my
08:31
my bank was removed by somebody and then
08:35
nobody said who that the I was out and
08:39
the officer who offered me the job of
08:43
infection control said he was sorry then
08:45
I asked him so what do you want to do
08:48
then do you want to infect everybody in
08:49
the ship it will be your thousands of
08:52
people who could
08:53
potentially get Kovac 19 i don't
08:58
criticize diamond people they were not
09:00
infection control specialists Society of
09:04
infection prevention entered the a lot
09:12
of specialists came in but they spend
09:16
only a few days and to left and they
09:19
said they were fearful of getting
09:20
infections and cells I share the same
09:23
fear because I'm in the same room now
09:26
and I separated from my family I'm very
09:31
scared of getting infection myself and
09:34
I'm very scared of infecting my family
09:37
too I'll be out of my medical services
09:41
at Culver University Hospital for maybe
09:44
next two weeks to avoid further
09:47
infections to occur that is very likely
09:51
09:55
infection control inside the ship that
09:58
brings us like this you might know that
10:02
there is no CDC in Japan but I thought
10:05
there must be some specialists called
10:08
on and was in charge of infection
control in ship it's not expecting
10:14
nobody was professional infection
control specialist and the only the
10:21
bureaucrats were doing the jobs
completely layman's work in the bio
10:27
letting all the infection control
10:29
principles and the risking people inside
further infections so I'm not very
10:36
surprised to see many new positive PCR
10:41
to be broadcasted every day hundreds of
10:44
people got infected and the lot of
10:47
people from outside Japan decided to
10:49
take the people away from the ship and
10:53
bring them to their home countries by
10:56
airplane and offered them another 14
10:59
days of current I I hope this will be
11:04
the opportunity to
11:07
raise a question what is happening
11:08
inside ship I wish all the international
bodies to request Japan to change I wish
11:16
everybody to call for protection of
people inside the diamond princess
11:26
otherwise though we far more infections
for passengers for clues for demon
11:34
members for psychiatrist for officer of
11:37
the Ministry of Health and labor d-mat
11:40
member consists of nurses and doctors
11:43
and that they will go back to the
11:44
hospital they work routinely and it's a
11:47
much infected their patients further to
11:50
11:53
I can't bear with it I can't bear with
11:56
it I think we have to change we have to
12:00
do something about these crews and we
12:05
have to help people inside the ship
12:08
their safety and the life again I am
12:15
professor can't order an infection this
12:18
infectious disease specialist thank you
12:21
for listening
inca Manco Capac International Airport
空港名なのでbanされる事は無いだろう。
https://www.airportia.com/per%C3%BA/inca-manco-capac-international-airport/
https://www.itmedia.co.jp/business/articles/1909/27/news026.html
これ。
元ネタは https://www.expatexplorer.hsbc.com/global-report/ に載ってるランキングで、日本が32位になったことについて
憤っているらしいブコメが散見されるが、それについて思ったことを記してみたい。
１．これってHSBCの駐在員に聞いた偏ったランキングでしょ？
Helpによると、HSBC expat (オフショア銀行の業務を担うHSBCの100%子会社)がその顧客のみならず、広く海外駐在員用のSNS等から
回答を募ったもの（※１）。従って、以下のようなコメントは的外れと思われる。
id:moons 英国の金融大手企業で自社の駐在員にどこで働きたいか聞いたんでしょ
id:fefefefe 調査対象がHSBCの駐在員だけ？
id:otihateten3510 なんか分析が雑じゃね？ 「HSBCホールディングスが各国の駐在員に聞いた」
各国駐在員＝HSBCの従業員ではないだろう。外国人駐在員視点という偏りはあろうが、
回答した各駐在員自身のことについて述べているのか各駐在員の分析によるものかどうかはわからないが、調査項目は
政治的・経済的安定性、可処分所得、所得、身体的・精神的健全さ、キャリア上の進歩等多岐にわたり（※２）後者の可能性が高いし
id:next_neet あくまで（多くは先進国出身であろう中流ホワイトカラーの）expat＝駐在員を対象としたオンライン調査の結果なので
id:halpica 「各国の駐在員」というのは多分エリート
id:Shin-Fedor “「各国の駐在員が働きたい国ランキング」”だから、わりとビジネスエリートの話
FAQによると33か国しかないのは統計処理上回答者が100名以上必要で、それを満たす国を選んだとのことである(※３)。
id:electrolite 露ベルギー蘭エジプト韓国あたりがなく33ヵ国の選定基準は何？
（終わりに）
外から働きに来ようとする人にとって、世界的に日本がその魅力度において既に高くないらしいことは事実として認めるほかない。今現在コンビニ店員に外国人が多いと感じたとしても
それが世界的に人気があるとする根拠には乏しい。でもそれが何？我々の住む日本の魅力はそんな狭い視点では語りつくせないし、嫌なことがたくさんあったとしても祖国として
住み続けようと思えるからこうして住んでいるわけで、外国人が何言おうとその点は揺るがない。それに、同じサイトで日本については「ようこそ日出づる処へ」「世界的なイノベーションの原動力で魅惑的な歴史と伝統に満ちた多様な土地柄を備えるユニークな駐在地」とまで書かれていることも紹介しておきたい（※４）。
（※１）
"Commissioned by HSBC Expat and conducted by a third party research company YouGov, 18,059 expats based in over 30 countries or territories were questioned in 2019."
"As a specialist provider of offshore savings and wealth management for expatriates, of course we invited our customers to take part. But we also wanted a truly international snapshot of expat life. We contacted online communities and used expat social media sites to ensure as many different international expat groups were included."
https://www.expatexplorer.hsbc.com/survey/pages/about
（※２）
https://www.expatexplorer.hsbc.com/survey/countries#tabPanel0
（※３）
"In order for the results and league tables to be statistically significant, we need a minimum sample size of 100 expat respondents from each location. Although we had respondents from over 100 locations this year, 33 met the minimum number of responses required" https://www.expatexplorer.hsbc.com/survey/pages/about
（※４）
"Welcome to the Land of the Rising Sun" "A global powerhouse of innovation, Japan’s fascinating history, rich traditions and diverse geography create a unique expat experience." https://expatexplorer.hsbc.com/country-guides/japan
フード・コンピューター (food computer) のプレゼンを配信していたTEDが、2点の批判についてページを公開した。
汚染水排出でMITメディアラボのオープン農業構想を州の環境保護局が調査中
Hype vs. Reality at the MIT Media Lab (The Chronicle of Higher Education)
オープン農業構想のプロジェクトリーダー Caleb Harper が建築を学んだ後この構想に至った経緯や、プレゼンで偽装するよう指示された研究員が、開発していない機器や無関係のプロジェクトに写真入りで紹介されたこと（プロジェクト担当者の水増し）も説明されている。
As research lead, Babakinejad felt it was his responsibility to raise these issues with Harper and other members of the team, and he did so in an email. He also raised his concerns with Ito. In an email, he told the director that the Open Agriculture Initiative had not been able to create a controlled environment in the food computers, and that the devices had been sent to schools and a refugee camp without being tested to ensure that they worked. He worried that Harper was misleading funders. Ito responded by asking if he could raise these issues with Harper. Babakinejad agreed to let Ito share his general concerns. (Ito did not respond to a request for comment. A Media Lab spokeswoman declined to comment.)
プロジェクトにおけるresearch leadとして、Babakinejadはフード・コンピューターの問題（光合成のためのLEDによる熱で温度が安定しない、二酸化炭素、酸素、湿度を調整できない）を提起する責任があると感じ、その問題をメールでHarperや他の研究員に提起した。その心配を伊藤穣一MITメディアラボ所長（当時）にも提起した。「オープン農業構想はフード・コンピューターの中で制御された環境をつくることができていません。その装置はきちんと動作するか検証されないまま学校や難民キャンプに送付されました。」Harperが資金提供者を誤解させていることが心配だった。伊藤所長は、その問題をHarperとともに提起できる（その問題をHarperに話していい）か、彼に質問しました。Babakinejadは自分の懸念を伊藤所長から他に伝えることを了解しました。（伊藤穣一氏にコメントを依頼したが、返答なし。メディアラボの広報担当もコメント拒否）
Harper's optimism helps raise money, and without money he won’t be able to see this dream of an international network of food computers come true. His critics, he said, “are basically jealous because I raise a lot of funding while giving away knowledge for free.” Harper also said that he doesn’t mislead the public. He’s explained his progress in great detail in a series of Medium posts, he said. Some may have misinterpreted his vision as current reality, he said, but if they listened closely they would not be mistaken. “Can you email a tomato to someone today? No,” he said. “Did I say that in my TED talk? Yes. Did I say it was today? No. I said, you will be able to email a tomato.”
Harperの楽観主義は資金集めに役立ちました。その資金がなければ、フード・コンピューターの国際的ネットワークが実現しませんでした。Harperによれば、自分への批判は基本的には嫉妬、なぜなら知識を無料で提供しているのに多くの資金を集めているから。Harperは、自分は一般の人を誤解させていない、Medium に詳細を書いた進捗状況の記事をずっと書いているから、とも言いました。自分の展望を今の現実と誤解している人がいるかも知れないが、もししっかり聞いていたなら、誤解は決してしない。「トマトにメールを今日送れますか？いいえ」「TEDトークで私は言ったでしょうか。ええ。それが今日だと私は言いましたか？いいえ。私は、トマトにメールを将来送れるようになる、と言ったんです。」
It's true that Harper didn’t quite say that food computers can email tomatoes or apples, though you could be forgiven for thinking exactly that. He frequently leaves the impression that the project has achieved, or is on the brink of achieving, an enormous breakthrough. It’s a style that has attracted the sort of high-profile attention, not to mention corporate funding, that fuels projects at the MIT Media Lab, and his willingness to showcase food computers beset with problems feels consistent with Ito’s “deploy or die” philosophy.
確かにHarperは、フード・コンピューターがトマトやリンゴにメールできるとは言っていない。しかし今できると考えてしまうのもしかたない。彼は、自分のプロジェクトがすでに大きなブレークスルーを達成したか、今すぐにも達成しそうだという印象を頻繁に残している。その方法で、いわゆる有名人やもちろん企業の投資の注目を集め、MITメディアラボのプロジェクトに資金が集まる。問題が山積している食料コンピューターをHarperが展示し続けるというのは、伊藤穣一氏の「実装なくば死を」の考えに一致しているようだ。
M.I.T. Media Lab, Already Rattled by the Epstein Scandal, Has a New Worry (The New York Times)
“You seem to think endlessly reiterating untrue claims will lend them credibility, but it won’t,” Dr. Babakinejad wrote to Mr. Harper. “By persisting in this course of action, you have been putting M.I.T. and everyone associated with you at risk and I think it’s time that you were made to face up to that and take responsibility for it.”
「正しくない主張を終わることなく繰り返していればその主張に真実味が出てくると考えているようですが、ありえません」とBarakinejadは（雇用契約の更新がされなかった後）Harperに書いた。「そういった行動を続けることで、MITとあなたに関係している全員を危険にさらし続けています。それ（正しくない主張を繰り返すこと）に向き合って、責任を取るときだと思います。」
The food computers, which researchers have envisioned selling to the public, are supposed to provide plants with just the right amount of light. But when the light function was not working, another member of the OpenAg team said, speaking on the condition of anonymity to describe sensitive events, an engineer manually rigged the device so that light would shine at the correct level during an important demonstration.
フード・コンピューターは、一般に売り込むために研究者の想像したものですが、適切な光の量をちょうど植物に供給すると思われています。しかし、光の装置が機能しないとき、匿名を条件にしたあるオープン農業構想チームの研究員によれば、大事なデモのときに技術者が装置を不正操作して、適正レベルに光らせていました。
コーネル大学教授（植物学）Thomas Bjorkman によると、オープン農業構想の論文が書いているような機能を持つ箱はあるが、操作するのに費用が掛かり、24キロワット（240個の100ワット電球を同時に光らせる）エネルギーが必要になる。
論文の学術的価値について、「制御環境を使った農業工場の現状はとても進んでいるので、植物栽培の研究や実践について影響はほとんどない。」とBjorkman教授はコメントした。
In an email exchange with Mr. Ito, Dr. Babakinejad expressed his concern about what he said were Mr. Harper’s false claims in a draft of the academic paper, the “60 Minutes” interview and lectures.
“Up to now,” Dr. Babakinejad wrote, “we have not been able to achieve a ‘controlled environment’ nor been able to create an atmosphere (Climate control) as he leads people to believe in his talks. His claims about developments such as implementations of image processing, microbiome dosing, creating different climates and collecting credible data from bots across the world are not true.”
Mr. Ito wrote in his reply: “Can I say that you have concerns about whether the food computers have been able to create a controlled environment which would put into questions some of the claims we make about the data and outcomes?”
Dr. Babakinejad replied in the affirmative, and the exchange ended.
MITメディアラボ伊藤穣一所長（当時）とやりとししたメールで、Barakinejadは論文のドラフト、ドキュメンタリー番組のインタビュー、講義でのHarperの誤った主張に関する心配を書いていました。
「現在まで、Harperが講演で人々を信じさせているような、制御された環境も出来ていないし、天候の制御も出来ていない。画像処理の実装、マイクロバイオーム、異なる気候を作ること、世界中のボットから信頼できるデータを集めること、といった開発についての主張は正しくありません。」伊藤穣一氏の返事は「フード・コンピューターが制御された環境を作れるかどうかによって、データや結果に関しての主張のいくつかに疑問が生まれる、という懸念を持っているということでしょうか」
Babakinejadは肯定的な返事を返したが、そこでやりとりは終わった。
他に「リンゴは収穫してから店頭に並ぶまで平均11か月（最近は14か月）掛かっている」の11か月という統計に根拠がないと指摘しても、Harperは止めなかった。アメリカ農務省の答え「その統計は不正確」
MIT Media Lab Kept Regulators in the Dark, Dumped Chemicals in Excess of Legal Limit (Propublica and WBUR)
以下では、MITメディアラボオープン農業構想をメディアラボ、MIT環境健康安全オフィスをMIT、マサチューセッツ州環境保護局を州と略記。
2015年 オープン農業構想 (Open Agriculture Initiative) がCaleb HarperによりMITメディアラボで開始
2016年8月 コンサルタントがMITメディアラボの施設ディレクターにメール「水耕栽培用の水の窒素量を10ppm以下に抑えるなら、排水用の貯水池が最適」
2017年6月ごろ Babak BabakinejadがHarperのグループに参加
2017年10月 Babakinejadがresearch leadに昇進し、汚染水を排出した施設での勤務を開始
2017年12月 マサチューセッツ州監査員が貯水池の利用に制限付き許可を出す。
2018年3月22日 ラボノートの記録によると、廃棄濃度を報告義務の限度を大幅に超える（水の量が多く、許可の制限内では希釈できない）。
2018年4月 （研究員→メディアラボ）BabakinejadがHarperにメールで汚染水の窒素量が制限を大幅に超えているとHarperに報告（1度目）
2018年4月16日 （研究員→メディアラボ、MIT）Babakinejadがメールで汚染水の窒素量が大幅に超えているとHarperとMITに報告。HarperはBabakinejadにMITへの直接報告を禁止。
2018年4月17日 MITのPhyllis CarterがHarper, Babakinejad, ほかのメンバーにメール「先週のサンプルにおける窒素量は140ppm。このレベルの排水は許可されない。」（MITはこの時点で州の規則違反となる環境汚染を把握）
時期不明 HarperはBabakinejadに勤務時間中の作業内容を30分ごとに記録するよう指示（Babakinejadは報復だと感じた）
2018年中旬 BabakinejadがHarperのグループから去る。
2019年1月 （州→MIT）マサチューセッツ州の担当者 Joseph CeruttiがMIT環境健康安全オフィスPhyllis Carterにメールで、貯水池に排出された汚染水の窒素量の月例報告を催促。
（MIT→州）Carterは4月から6月まで何も貯水池に排出していないと返答（1-3月、7-12月の報告を送らず、無視）
2019年2月（州→MIT、メディアラボ） 報告が届かないので、CeruttiはCarterとHarperに、2週間以内に回答がなければ、違反通知、罰金、許可取り消しを警告
（メディアラボ→州）HarperはCeruttiへ即座に返答「農業廃液は野外に捨てて、米国環境保護庁の地下注入管理プログラム (UIC) のシステムには入れていない。これはMITと合意した手続き」（貯水池のみの利用という
I. INTRODUCTION
These Terms of Use and End User License Agreement (collectively, the “Agreement”) together with all the documents referred to in it constitute a legally binding agreement made between you as a natural person (“you”, “your” or “user”) and We (“we,” “us” or “our”), concerning your access to and use of the software application for mobile devices (the “App”).
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III. RESTRICTIONS ON WHO CAN USE THE APP
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You shall not transfer, lend, rent, lease, distribute the App, or use it for providing services to a third party, or any rights to the App or any documentation concerning the App to a third party.
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All disputes arising from the usage of the App, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the United States of America, and shall be submitted to the sole jurisdiction of the competent courts of New York, New York, the United States of America.
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You acknowledge that you must comply with applicable third party terms of agreement when using the App. You are solely responsible for and bear all risks arising from your use of any third-party websites or resources.
If you have any queries, concerns or complaints about such third party websites or mobile applications (including, but not limited to, queries, concerns or complaints relating to products, orders for products, faulty products and refunds) you must direct them to the operator of that third party website or mobile application.
YOU AGREE THAT YOUR USE OF THE APP AND ITS SERVICES SHALL BE AT YOUR SOLE RISK. THE SERVICES AND ALL THE MATERIALS, INFORMATION, SOFTWARE, CONTENT INTEGRATED IN THE APP ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE”. WE DO NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THE MERCHANTABILITY, TECHNICAL COMPATIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF ANY SERVICE, PRODUCTS OR MATERIAL PROVIDED PURSUANT TO THIS AGREEMENT. WE DO NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED ON OR THROUGH THE SERVICES WILL BE AVAILABLE, UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE, THAT DEFECTS WILL BE CORRECTED, OR THAT THE SER Permalink | 記事への反応(0) | 23:18
