WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 16 March 2020
16 March 2020
Good afternoon everyone.
In the past week, we have seen a rapid escalation of cases of COVID-1 9.
More cases and deaths have now been reported in the rest of the world than in China.
We have also seen a rapid escalation in social distancing measures, like closing schools and cancelling sporting events and other gatherings.
But we have not seen an urgent enough escalation in testing, isolation and contact tracing – which is the backbone of the response.
Social distancing measures can help to reduce transmission and enable health systems to cope.
Handwashing and coughing into your elbow can reduce the risk for yourself and others.
But on their own, they are not enough to extinguish this pandemic. It’s the combination that makes the difference.
As I keep saying, all countries must take a comprehensive approach.
But the most effective way to prevent infections and save lives is breaking the chains of transmission. And to do that, you must test and isolate.
You cannot fight a fire blindfolded. And we cannot stop this pandemic if we don’t know who is infected.
We have a simple message for all countries: test, test, test.
Test every suspected case.
If they test positive, isolate them and find out who they have been in close contact with up to 2 days before they developed symptoms, and test those people too. [NOTE: WHO recommends testing contacts of confirmed cases only if they show symptoms of COVID-19]
Every day, more tests are being produced to meet the global demand.
WHO has shipped almost 1.5 million tests to 120 countries. We’re working with companies to increase the availability of tests for those most in need.
WHO advises that all confirmed cases, even mild cases, should be isolated in health facilities, to prevent transmission and provide adequate care.
But we recognize that many countries have already exceeded their capacity to care for mild cases in dedicated health facilities.
In that situation, countries should prioritize older patients and those with underlying conditions.
Some countries have expanded their capacity by using stadiums and gyms to care for mild cases, with severe and critical cases cared for in hospitals.
Another option is for patients with mild disease to be isolated and cared for at home.
Caring for infected people at home may put others in the same household at risk, so it’s critical that care-givers follow WHO’s guidance on how to provide care as safely as possible.
For example, both the patient and their care-giver should wear a medical mask when they are together in the same room.
The patient should sleep in a separate bedroom to others and use a different bathroom.
Assign one person to care for the patient, ideally someone who is in good health and has no underlying conditions.
The care-giver should wash their hands after any contact with the patient or their immediate environment.
People infected with COVID-19 can still infect others after they stop feeling sick, so these measures should continue for at least two weeks after symptoms disappear.
Vis itors should not be allowed until the end of this period.
There are more details in WHO’s guidance.
===
Once again, our key message is: test, test, test.
This is a serious disease. Although the evidence we have suggests that those over 60 are at highest risk, young people, including children, have died.
WHO has issued new clinical guidance, with specific details on how to care for children, older people and pregnant women.
So far, we have seen epidemics in countries with advanced health systems. But even they have struggled to cope.
As the virus moves to low-income countries, we're deeply concerned about the impact it could have among populations with high HIV prevalence, or among malnourished children.
That’s why we’re calling on every country and every individual to do everything they can to stop transmission.
Washing your hands will help to reduce your risk of infection. But it’s also an act of solidarity because it reduces the risk you will infect others in your community and around the world. Do it for yourself, do it for others.
We also ask people to express their solidarity by refraining from hoarding essential items, including medicines.
Hoarding can create shortages of medicines and other essential products, which can exacerbate suffering.
We’re grateful to everyone who has contributed to the COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund.
Since we launched it on Friday, more than 110,000 people have contributed almost 19 million U.S. dollars.
These funds will help to buy diagnostic tests, supplies for health workers and support research and development.
If you would like to contribute, please go to who.int and click on the orange “Don ate” button at the top of the page.
We’re also grateful for the way different sectors of society are coming together.
This started with the SafeHands Challenge, which has attracted celebr ities, world leaders and people everywhere demonstrating how to wash their hands.
This afternoon WHO and the International Chamber of Commerce issued a joint call to action to the global business community. The ICC will send regular advice to its network of more than 45 million businesses, to protect their workers, customers and local communities, and to support the production and distribution of essential supplies.
I’d like to thank Paul Polman, Ajay Banga and John Denton for their support and collaboration.
WHO is also working with Global Citizen to launch the Solidarity Sessions, a series of virtual concerts with leading musicians from around the world.
===
This is the defining global health cris is of our time.
The days, weeks and months ahead will be a test of our resolve, a test of our trust in science, and a test of solidarity.
Crises like this tend to bring out the best and worst in human ity.
Like me, I’m sure you have been touched by the videos of people applauding health workers from their balconies, or the stories of people offering to do grocery shopping for older people in their community.
This amazing spirit of human solidarity must become even more infectious than the virus itself. Although we may have to be physically apart from each other for a while, we can come together in ways we never have before.
We’re all in this together. And we can only succeed together.
So the rule of the game is: together.
Thank you.

Permalink | 記事への反応(1) | 14:59

2020-02-19

■文章として読めるように作業してる→した（作業 完了）

https://anond.hatelabo.jp/20200219071929

コピペありがとう。英文として読めるように、文字起こし完成の作業をしている。終わったらここに貼りつけるね。→作業完了したから、この下に貼りつける。

英語版文字起こし (自動生成）のコピペを、英語として読める文章にした。いくつか聞き取れていないところがあるので、わかる人がいたらトラバで教えてほしい。聞き取れていないところは「(inaudible01)」みたいに番号をふって記載してあるので、~~その番号を書いてトラバしてもらえると嬉しい~~。→20日朝、元動画がユーザーにより削除されていることを確認。よって、聞き取れなかった数か所はそのまま放置となります。あいすみません。

あと、増田って脚注使えないんだっけ((脚注のテスト))? いくつか注入れたいところがあるのだが、無理っぽいのでアナログな手法を取ることにした。若干読みづらいかもしれないが堪忍してほしい。

追記: Twitterで書いたんだけど、わざわざ時間を割いて（2時間くらいかかった）この作業をしたのは、YouTubeの自動生成字幕の、8割くらいは合ってるんだけどあとはめちゃくちゃという文面が善意で拡散されることを防ぎたかったため。元の主張を拡散したかったのではなく、誤った情報（変な英語）が拡散されるのを防ぎたかったのです。その点、ご理解をよろしくお願いします。

ソース動画: ※ユーザーにより削除済み（2020年 2月20日朝確認）

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtHYZkLuKcI

Diamond Princess is COVID-19 mill. How I got in the ship and was removed from it within one day. - 2020/02/18, kentaro iwata

Hello. My name is Professor Kentaro Iwata. I am a specialist of infectious diseases at Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan.

Today I entered into[sic]*1 the cruise ship the Diamond Princess, which is, erm, bombarded by a lot of COVID-19 infecit on right now.

And I was removed from the ship on the same day and I'm gonna talk to you why this happened.

I was very concerned of the number of the people who got infected with the COVID-19 disease infections. Then I was wondering why this is[sic](was)*2 happening. I wanted to enter into the cruise ship and　wanted to be useful in helping to containing infection there.

I spoke with several people and finally one officer at working for Minis try of Health and Labor called me yesterday, saying that well you can come and enter into a cruise ship and do the infection control works.

And I said fine then I prepared my stuff and I did all the paperworks and arrangement and got onto the Shinkansen from Kobe to Yokohama.

On the way to go to Yokohama I got another call from the same officer, saying, "Somebody didn't like me. So you can't get into the cruise ship." He was not able to say who, and he was not able to say why, but certainly some power over him affected his decision and I was blocked from entering into the ship.

Then after several discussions he found another way that if you could come as a DMAT member, you can come into the the cruise ship. DMAT is the dis aster management medical team in Japan and usually deals with a dis aster not infectious diseases, but because of the lack of the people who could help people inside a cruise ship to get out of the ship, or the managing of people, and so on, DMAT was requested to enter into the cruise ship.

Because my specialty is not dis aster management, so I was not very happy about that, but because we had no other way I said, "Fine, I'll do that."

Addition ally, I got another call that some people didn't like me getting into the cruise ship present even as a DMAT member. So another discussion happened then the I waited about one hour in Shin Yokohama Station, and finally the officer find a way. [He said] that "If you work for DMAT not as an infection prevention specialist but as an ordinary routine DMAT officer working under (inaudible01) DMAT doctor doing a routine job, then you could come into the cruise ship."

I was not very happy with that decision, but because there's no other way, so I said, "Fine, I'll get into the ship."

I entered the ship. Then I found the chief officer of the DMAT and spoke with him. I said, "Well I was assigned to the DMAT members (inaudible02) out whatever you want to say." Then he said, "Well, you don't have to work DMAT work because that's not your specialty. You are an infection prevention specialist, so why don't you do the infection control." Then I said, "Fine, I spoke with the superior of him who is[sic](was) in charge of the all the DMAT operations, and he also said, "You are an infection control person, so you should do infection control." I said, "Fine." But he said, "Well, you shouldn't be here as a DMAT member. You should come as (inaudible03) infection control specialist." He was not very happy about that while I was inside the DMAT. But because that was not my decision, there was no other way. So I said, "Well I have to do it."

I looked into the several places inside the ship and it turned out that the cruise ship was completely inadequate in terms of infection control.

There was no distinction between the Green Zone, which is free of infection, and the Red Zone, which is potentially contaminated by the virus.

So the people could come and go, (inaudible04) a PPE, off PPE. Crews were just walking around, the officers of the Minis try Health and Labor were walking around, DMAT people were walking around, psychiatrists were walking around.

And people were eating on the one plate. People were wearing PPE and off PPE, and eating lunch with their gloves on, and just dealing with the smartphone with full PPE, so it was completely chaotic.

And some crews had a fever. They went to the medical center while wearing N95 masks. But he didn't have any protection between his room and a medical room.

And the medical officer was not protecting herself. And she was very unhappy, saying that well she was already infected. I'm sure about that. She was completely giving up protecting herself.

Anyways I (have) dealt with a lots of infections (for) more than twenty years. I was in Africa dealing with the Ebola out break. I was in another country dealing with the cholera out break. I was in China in 2003 to deal with the SARS, and I saw many febrile patients there. I never had fear of getting infection myself for Ebola, SARS, (and) cholera, because I know[sic](knew) how to protect myself and how to protect others, and how the infection control should be. So I could do the adequate infection control; protect myself, and protect others.

But inside (the) Princess Diamond, I was so scared. I was so scared of getting COVID-19 because there was no way to tell where the virus is. No Green Zone, no Red Zone. Everywhere could have the virus and everybody was not careful about it.

There was no single professional infection control person inside the ship. And there was nobody in charge of infection prevention as a professional. The bureaucrats were in charge of everything.

I spoke with the head officer of the Minis try of Health and Labor and he was very unhappy with my suggestion of protecting DMAT people and other staffs so that no other secondary transmission would occur.

Then after several hours of talking to people and finding problems, I found a lot of issues there. For example, informed consent of getting a PCR from the people in the ship where as(? inaudible05) on a paper, and that paper was going back and forth, back and forth with the room of the infection from the paper, by touching there[sic](it). So I suggested that maybe it's better to abandon the paper-type informed consent but rather getting the informed consent verbally would be more protective, and so on and so on.

I think I was reas onable. I never yell at anybody, I never criticize anybody person ally, but I was trying to be constructive that we try to seek the constructive but immediate improvement to protect everybody inside the ship.

※このあたりから、独自に聞き取っておいてから字幕と照らし合わせるという方法に切り替えたので、ことばとことばの間のandなどを書かない頻度が増えます。

Then about five o'clock, the person from the quarantine office came in and approaced. (He) said, "Well you have to be out because you'll not be allowed inside the ship." Because I was inside the ship as a temporary officer of the quarantine. Apparently my bank(? inaudible06) was removed by somebody, and nobody said who, and then I was out.

The officer who offered me the job of infection control said he was sorry. Then I asked him, "So what do you wanna do? Do you want to infect everybody in the ship? It will be thousands of people who could potentially get COVID-1 9.

I don't criticize DMAT people. They were infection control specialists. Society of Infection Prevention entered, a lot of specialists came in, but they spent only a few days and they left. And they said they were fearful of getting infections themwelves.

I share the same fear. Because I'm in the same room now, and I separated from my family, I'm very scared of getting infection myself and I'm very scared of infecting my family too.

I'll be out of my medical services at Kobe University Hospital for maybe next two weeks to avoid further infections to occur. That is very likely to occur if you keep zero infection control inside the ship, the Diamond Princess, like this.

You might know that there is no CDC*3 in Japan, but I thought there must be some specialists called on and was[sic](were) in charge of infection control in ship. It's not expecting[sic](expected) (that) nobody was a professional infection control specialist, and (that) only the bureaucrats were doing the jobs, completely layman's work, violatiing all the infection control principles and risking people inside (of*4) further infections, so I'm not very surprised to see many new positive PCR to be broadcasted every day.

Hundreds of people got infected and a lot of people from outside Japan decided to take the people away from the ship and bring them to their home countries by airplane and offered them another 14 days of quarantine. I hope this will be an opportunity to raise a question (about) what is happening inside the ship.

I wish all the international bodies to request Japan to change. I wish everybody to call for the protection of people inside the Diamond Princess. Otherwise there'll be far more infections for passengers, for crews, for DMAT members, for psychiatrists, for officer(s) of the Minis try of Health and Labor. DMAT members consist of nurses and doctors and that they will go back to the hospital they work routinely and they might infect their patients further to spread the disease. I can't bear with it. I can't bear with it.

I think we have to change. We have to do something about these crews and we have to help people inside the ship, their safety and their life.

Again, I am Professor Kentaro Iwata, infectious disease specialist. Thank you for listening.

【注】

＊1: enterは他動詞なので本来はintoは不要。クソリプのような語注だが、英語教材屋なのでそこはすまん。今回は、原文尊重（編集を加えないこと）の観点からそのままintoをつけておくことにした。

＊2: 時制の一致でwasにしたほうがよいところ。これ系の文法ミスはほかにもごく少数含まれているが、原文尊重（編集を加えないこと）の観点から、そのまま文字起こしして、より望ましいと思われる語形をカッコで書き添えるようにした。本来、何も書かずにサクッと直すようなところだが、今回は編集者の処理が見えるようにすることが重要と考えた。

＊3: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 米国の政府機関。

＊4: risk ～ of ... という構文はたぶんないと思うが、書かれた言葉としてはここに何かないと文意が成立しないと思うので、便宜上ofを補っておく。

※追記（2月19日午後9時半過ぎ）

BBCが岩田教授にインタビューして、日本語記事を英語に先行して出しているので見るとよいと思う。このYouTube 動画で説明されていなかった具体的なことも記者との質疑応答で説明されている。映像 3分 17秒。

感染症の専門家、客船内の感染対策を批判 BBCが取材: https://www.bbc.com/japanese/video-51556982

Permalink | 記事への反応(2) | 15:37

■anond:20200219050922

英語版文字起こし (自動生成)のコピペ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtHYZkLuKcI

Diamond Princess is COVID-19 mill. How I got in the ship and was removed from it within one day.

20 20/02/18

kentaro iwata