  |
はてなキーワード: betweenとは
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21576961/
Absence of maternal sharing of utensils and mouth-to-mouth feeding between caregivers and children was used as the variable about behaviour to prevent vertical transmission of oral organisms.
精神疾患の診断・統計マニュアル第5版（DSM-5）の最初の版にペドフィリア的性的指向（Pedophilic Sexual Orientation）と言う言葉があったのだが、
The American Psychological Association maintains that pedophilia is a mental disorder; that sex between adults and children is always wrong; and that acting on pedophilic impulses is and should be a criminal act. The American Psychological Association has worked for many years to prevent child sexual abuse and will continue to do so. — APA statement regarding pedophilia and the DSM-5
英和 用語・用例辞典の解説 pride (名)誇り 自慢 自尊心 (ライオンの)群れ (動)誇る 自慢する prideの関連語句 concern about one’s personal pride メンツにこだわる my pride and joy 私の自慢の種 私がひじょうに誇りに思っているもの pride of place 最も重要な位置 最高位 pride oneself on [upon] 〜を誇る 〜を自慢する prideの用例 It’s America’s terror designation of Cuba that has been a stain on Cuba’s pride and a major stumbling block for efforts to mend ties between Havana and Washington. キューバの自尊心を傷つけ、米国とキューバの関係修復に向けた努力の大きな障害になっているのが、米国のキューバに対するテロ支援国家指定だ。 出典 日外アソシエーツ「英和 用語・用例辞典」
https://anond.hatelabo.jp/20230808132541
ススキノの首切り事件、女性の方が最初レイプされておまけに動画まで撮られてたって報道がでている。
In the Susukino decapitation case, it is reported that the woman was raped first and was even videotaped.
自分には同棲している彼女がいるんだけれど、その報道見た時に、彼女がボロボロ泣き出した。
I have a live-in girlfriend, and when she saw the news report, she burst into tears.
どうしたのって聞いても泣くばかりだったんだけれど、少しずつ話してくれて、「自分も殺したかった自分も殺したかった」って言うんだよ。
When I asked her what was wrong, she just cried, but little by little she started talking to me and said, "I wanted to kill him and I wanted to kill myself."
彼女も俺と付き合う前、性暴行の被害者になってしまっていたことを話してくれた。
She also told me that she had been a victim of sexual assault before she started dating me.
もちろん警察に行ったけれど、何回も警察官相手に再現させられてそれでも犯人は捕まえられず、おまけに逮捕したとしても、起訴するまでの被害者の負担の大きさや刑事罰の軽さ（たった数年）伝えられてただただ絶望だけして帰ってきたって。
Of course, she went to the police, but after being made to reenact the crime several times by the police officers, she was still unable to catch the perpetrator, and even if she was arrested, she came home only in despair after being told of the burden on the victim to prosecute and the light criminal penalty (only a few years).
ずっと負けてたまるかと、仕事も辞めず俺とも出会って付き合ってみたけれど、ずっと辛いままで絶望は消えなくて、でも俺にも事件のことは言えなかった。
She thought she couldn't keep losing, so she didn't quit her job and tried to meet and date me, but it remained painful and the despair didn't go away, but she couldn't tell me about the incident either.
それはやっぱり言ってもどうしようもないし、言うことで自分が救われるとも思えなかったからそうだし、俺に汚れてると思われて嫌われるのもずっと怖かったらしい。
To her, there was nothing she could do about it, and she didn't think that she would be saved by saying it, and it seemed that she was always afraid of being hated by me because she thought I was dirty.
でもレイプした相手を家族総出で殺したススキノの事件見て、自分もずっと相手を殺したかったって気持ちに気が付いたら、色々耐えきれなくて言葉に出してしまったらしい。
But when she saw the Susukino decapitation case which the whole family killed the rapist, she realized that she wanted to kill him all along, too, and it seems she couldn't stand it any more and ended up speaking out.
もちろんそれを行動に移すことはできないけれど、殺したかったって言葉に出来たことに、ありがとうって言うんだよ…。
Of course she can't put it into action, but she says thank you for being able to say she wanted to kill him.
俺は、この事件の猟奇的な部分だけ見て、怖いなー、位にしか思ってなかったが、レイプ含め性犯罪って被害者を心の底から狂わせてしまうのかもしれないって彼女のおかげで気が付くことができた。
When I saw only the bizarre part of this incident, I thought nothing more than "scary", she made me realize that sexual crimes including rape might drive the victim insane to the core.
いや、正直に言うと、性犯罪が被害者に対してもたらす凶悪さを知らなかった自分自身に、今実はめちゃくちゃ嫌悪感を感じてる。
No, to be honest, I actually hate myself for not knowing the atrocities that sex crimes bring to their victims.
だってさ、普通の男が目にするエロコンテンツに、性犯罪ものって普通に多いし。自分だって痴漢ものや盗撮で抜いたこともある。罪悪感なんてほとんど感じたこともなかった。
Because, you know, there are many sexual crimes in the erotic contents that ordinary men see.
I have masturbated to molestation and voyeurism myself.
I have never felt guilty about it.
自分は普通の男だと思ってたけれど、エロと暴力？加害欲？支配欲？がごちゃ混ぜになって、もしかしたら取り返しのつかないとこまで来てるんじゃないかって怖くなった。
I thought I was a normal guy, but Eroticism and Violence? Aggression? A desire to dominate? I was afraid that I might have reached a point where I could not take it back.
人の一生ぶち壊すような行為で抜いてたなんて、自分の過去のオナニーネタ思い出すと吐き気がするようになったし、頭が割れそうに痛くなる。
I began to feel nauseous and my head hurt like it was going to crack when I remembered my past masturbatory material, that I was masturbating in an act that would ruin a person's life.
彼女は、まだたまに夜になると子供みたいにワーワー泣いてる。殺したかったって言葉を言うと安心するみたいで、そのあと寝てる。たまに、死にたかったって呟くこともある。
She still cries like a child sometimes at night.
She seems to be relieved when I say the words "I wanted to kill him," and then she goes to sleep.
Sometimes she mumbles that she wanted to die.
俺は、まだ自分のことも彼女のこともどうすることもできていない。
I still haven't figured out what to do about myself or about her.
これからもずっと一緒にいたいけれど、自分が自分に抱く自己嫌悪の向き合い方はまだどうしたらいいかわからない。
I want to be with her for the rest of my life, but I still don't know how to deal with the self-loathing I have for myself.
でも自分のことをいくら憎んだって、自分は性犯罪を行う側の性別にいるんだってことは変わらない、けど性犯罪にあう女性を減らしていきたいという気持ちはある。
No matter how much I hate myself, the fact that I belong to the gender that perpetrates sexual crimes remains unchanged. However, I do have a desire to reduce the number of women who become victims of sexual crimes.
彼女にどうしてかわからないけれど、ごめんって謝りながら、俺に出来ることは無いか聞いたら
I don't know why, but I apologized and asked her if there was anything I could do.
「今まで一人で性犯罪防止の活動に賛同してたけれど、もしよければ一緒に読んで、出来ることを一緒にしたい」って。
She said, "I've always supported activities for preventing sexual crimes on my own, but if you're willing, I'd like us to read together and do what we can together."
Change.orgってサイトで不同意性交罪の法律作ることへの署名をするとか、今まで一人でしていたらしい。（俺はこの法律自体のことも知らなかった）
She seems to have been signing petitions on Change.org to create laws against non-consensual intercourse, something she had been doing on her own until now. (I wasn't even aware of this law itself.)
I told her that I would also start signing petitions together from now on.
あと、ポルノサイトからクレジット会社や銀行が撤退するよう働きかける海外の動きが、日本に来るようにっていうのが願いらしい。
Also, she seems to have a wish that the overseas movement to encourage credit card companies and banks to withdraw from pornography sites would come to Japan.
VISAがpornhubから手を引いたんだよって教えてくれた。
She informed me that VISA has pulled out from Pornhub.
彼女が過去に撮られたかもしれない動画がネットに載っているんじゃないかって考えるたびに、撮る暴力、売る暴力、売る場所を作る暴力、買って楽しむ暴力、全部が怖くて憎くてたまらなくなった。
Every time I think that there might be videos of her from the past out there on the internet, the violence of filming, the violence of selling, the violence of creating platforms for selling, the violence of buying and enjoying – it all becomes so frightening, loathsome, and unbearable.
でもそういう場所で抜いてた自分もいる訳で。あーまた吐きそう。でも吐くだけで済む自分はなんて楽なんだろうな。180cmある男なんて、痴漢もされなきゃレイプもされない妊娠も絶対しないし。
But I've also been someone who masturbated on those kinds of sites.
But how easy it must be for someone like me who can just throw up and be done with it.
Being a 180cm tall man, I'll never experience groping, rape, or even pregnancy.
とりあえず、pcolle gcolle palpis とか盗撮動画売買サイトの決済会社(楽天銀行とか大手も普通にいるのな）には、暴力で金を稼ぐの辞めてくれって問い合わせしてみるつもり。
For now, I plan to contact payment companies of voyeurism video trading sites like pcolle, gcolle, and palpis (there are even major ones like Rakuten Bank involved) and urge them to stop facilitating violent profit-making.
It's probably pointless to talk to the website operators anyway.
なんも変わらないかもしれないが、なんもしなくてもなんの被害にも合わない加害側の性がするべき贖罪の欠片のつもりでいる。
Even if nothing changes, I intend to hold onto the fragment of atonement that comes with feeling the responsibility of the gender that doesn't experience any harm or victimization without doing anything.
俺はまだ、加害と暴力と支配とエロの境目の切り離し方がわからない。ただ日本のエロコンテンツは、あまりにもそれがぐちゃぐちゃになってることで成り立ってるのは実感としてわかる。
I still don't understand how to separate the boundaries between perpetration, violence, dominance, and eroticism.
However, I do realize on a visceral level that much of Japan's erotic content thrives on this confusing mixture.
二次元とリアルは切り離して考えろよっていう意見もあるだろうけれど、でも認知が歪まない保証なんてないし、それに二次元なら動物を虐待して楽しんでいいのかって言ったらそれには大多数の人間は嫌悪感抱くよな。それが女性が対象になると途端にOKになるのは歪んでるよな。まあそれで抜いてた俺も最低なのは今も変わらない。
While there might be opinions urging to separate the realm of 2D from reality, there's no assurance that cognition won't become distorted. Moreover, if it were about the 2D world, if someone were to enjoy animal abuse, the majority of people would feel a sense of repulsion.
It's twisted that when it involves women, it suddenly becomes acceptable.
Well, even considering that, I still haven't changed my belief that I was despicable for masturbating on such behavior.
死にたくなるほど殺したくなるほど、被害者を追い詰める性犯罪は、やっぱりエロネタとして扱っちゃいけないんだよ。
Sexual crimes that make women want to die and make woman want to kill, those that corner the victims, should never be treated as mere erotic material.
でも大切な人がその被害にあうまで、そう思えなかった俺自身、最低だな。でも出来ることをやりたいと思う。
But I couldn't think that way until someone dear to me became a victim. I'm ashamed of myself.
But I want to do what I can.
Translated by Goolgle translation and DeepL translation and ChatGPT.
Related questions
Was George Harrison a vegetarian?
When did George Harrison become a vegetarian?
What was George Harrison like as a person?
I've read that George Harrison frequently cheated on his wife Olivia. Who were all these women? Were any of them famous or well-known? Why did Olivia tolerate it?
Why did George Harrison say he loved (and maybe slept with) Ringo's wife?
How did Ringo Starr find out about the affair between George Harrison and
↓
に関する質問
このままジョージ-ハリソンは頻繁に騙彼の妻Olivia. たったこれらすべての女性。 たったという名のもと、いくつかのか。 なぜOliviaは許容です。
Evilすぎて草
フメリニツキーでは、ロシア航空宇宙軍の攻撃後、レオパルト戦車とマーダー戦車の弾薬が破壊されました。デンマーク、ドイツ、イタリア、日本からの貨物も2億～2億2千万ユーロであった。
また、弾薬に加えて、8,300万ユーロ相当の衛星通信システム、軍用タブレット、データ暗号化システムも破壊された。
こんなに大量の貨物？
https://twitter.com/Spriter99880/status/1657650071616274432?s=20
🍁 An intergovernmental agreement in the form of an exchange of notes was signed today between Ukraine and Japan to provide Ukraine with a protective weapon for the needs of the Armed Forces free of charge.
Such an act took place for the first time in the history of Japan.
🍁 本日、ウクライナと日本の間で、国軍のニーズに応える防護兵器を無償でウクライナに提供するための、交換公文の形での政府間協定が署名された。
https://twitter.com/WARUKRAINE2022/status/1501299957994717184
Public education in Norway is free of charge, while kindergartens have parental fees1. According to a report by UNICEF, affordable, quality childcare is accessible in Norway 2. Parents in Norway spend an average of 3,106 kroner per month on pre-school/kindergarten – including free places, food fees, and other additional fees 3.
Any child in Denmark under the age of six is entitled to a place in the public childcare system, as long as both the parent and child have a CPR number and registered address 1. Although childcare is not free, it is subsidized by the state 23.
Child care in Sweden is considered a public responsibility, and is financed by the state, local municipalities, and parental fees 1. When children reach the ages of 3-6 years, childcare provision is free for up to 15 hours a week 2. Before this time, costs are based upon a parent’s income and can be up to 3% of their salary 2. Parents sending their children to part-time preschools and part-time group care pay no fees, while day care centers, family day care centers, and leisure centers for school-age children receive partial state subsidies 1.
It depends on the country in Europe. According to OECD.org, the net childcare costs vary across EU countries 1. For example, in Germany, parents pay between €12 to €400 ($14 to $467) per month for day care1. In the UK, single parents are spending 56.73% of the average earnings on full-time childcare (five days a week) at an average monthly cost of £1,249.932.
In the year 3000, humanity had finally discovered the secrets of the multiverse. Using their most advanced technology, they had found a way to travel between different parallel universes, each with their own unique physical laws and structures.
As the first explorers set out on their journeys, they encountered a myriad of strange and wondrous worlds. Some universes were filled with infinite copies of themselves, while others were constantly shifting and changing, their physical laws in a state of constant flux.
As they traveled deeper into the multiverse, the explorers encountered universes that seemed to follow completely different sets of physical laws. In some, time flowed backwards, and cause and effect were reversed. In others, matter was made up of entirely different particles, and energy behaved in completely unexpected ways.
As the explorers continued to journey further, they began to encounter universes that seemed to be simulations, created by beings in higher dimensions. They encountered universes where the laws of physics were entirely mathematical, and others where the very fabric of reality was made up of pure information.
At last, the explorers came to a universe that seemed to encompass all of the many-worlds interpretations. In this universe, every possible outcome of every possible event was played out in infinite parallel realities. The explorers marveled at the incredible complexity and diversity of this universe, as they watched endless versions of themselves carrying out endless variations of their own adventures.
As they prepared to leave this universe and return home, the explorers realized that they had only scratched the surface of the multiverse. They knew that there were still countless more universes to explore, each with their own unique physical laws and structures.
And so, they set out once more, to journey deeper into the multiverse, and to discover the secrets of the infinite many-worlds that lay waiting to be explored.
As the explorers continued their journey, they encountered a universe where time did not exist, and another where the laws of physics were governed by emotion rather than math. In yet another universe, they discovered that consciousness itself was the fundamental building block of reality.
As they explored further, the explorers encountered universes where the laws of physics were not constants but varied across space and time. They found a universe where entropy decreased over time, and another where gravity was repulsive rather than attractive.
At the edge of the multiverse, the explorers discovered a universe that seemed to contain all of the other universes within it. This universe was infinite in size and contained infinite variations of itself, each one a slightly different version of the universe they knew.
As they traveled through this universe, the explorers encountered versions of themselves that had made different choices and lived different lives. Some of these versions were almost identical to their own, while others were wildly different, with entirely different personalities and goals.
At last, the explorers returned to their own universe, their minds reeling from the incredible sights and experiences they had witnessed. They knew that the multiverse was an endless sea of possibility, and that there were still countless more universes to explore.
As they shared their discoveries with the rest of humanity, they realized that the true nature of the multiverse was still a mystery. They knew that there were many theories and hypotheses, but no one could say for sure which one was right.
And so, the explorers continued their journey, driven by a hunger to uncover the secrets of the multiverse and to understand the true nature of reality itself.
sHU2uEFZltSiv44bZEskqqwLmJpwM58GVdcmntcEZlWl9f6C_xmyortYKIGA97okYRnsRxxxJv4wfGA3AqWspArs7I5fjadr2Z7VUu8CzfCvh3DjnzLo7aLe894M85CjNn_2jnSJVL3DKqyGcmKS9d62NzhiZpyxyUz_f1jB5QMDndMKOOq6uKEquFjFnpgsDnFyxBvGylDZZKIKz_uJadKb5PRse1S6Bbsfey7TqHjy2HCKAvxHksTzgB8AvEkMBCdZrTAHCXfC8CcMfXHtQSLffQvjOthbjfOO0xIwNgAYZ5peAgwcldWXV1d6b1MxM350Il4Fqf3Cz0wNFf3i2BUe6Gq8Lhmqn2cVTr80CIuzFohW2YPCUBg2Ed5E7KBTHkIsZN74INQYoMmyNRQ7kxoa6bmPR9vsA6EZbfgOF9JTIdhI46FAQMta_Rtnn4xiYqbBs8osmqhCDUjlwo_YylzSnbH4plzU1JjkosWtTtpYQcdTyNBV572VKLB6wzxSp5o877avuAlkym7H3nV9Wfxu6Wi4k37td2x2L4PsOwe_PcjfxPBbZfZV36D125rJGfnnRgzMHf8LCWlsPtuuPXyd5V6xZeS6zD_naTNhsvCxduG16z27HdUV01VWvaW3VJZaHb9ziXsteVdGkKo9EHlmnX3m_QnWfJyByeLQVbHP9afNNxgIKpb0fYYedjDiLr_ZafVm8TPSRYBthjAXGLyuZ8l5bRwc9lD7mYx0Y6B5qEMgvpZku5FWeo61Jr8AC5acJ5y8RtkNzPB_o20HR6wK8PduyUjv3H3q2JxsYBFil6vY5o2R5xFZOrf6WCUD17jtUjRm4k2DV_euUXGikdvLiVDSQcWiFzae7o9Liote5M3vT6Z66aI1Rju9Cd5B_WWO5ejwRTLO4qAjx3O_P8vtNSdS3YfOdKwmmeKdDJyfBxRJ7yyCU2tvlDbS7vfCOd_AWb4sFQNzfjU1Nn7iHdo5vrzYTeh7XLbDkw1GuI8DJUOU31i06NpX9pxpVv7t
Early twin studies of adult individuals have found a heritability of IQ between 57% and 73%,[6] with some recent studies showing heritability for IQ as high as 80%.[7] IQ goes from being weakly correlated with genetics for children, to being strongly correlated with genetics for late teens and adults.
双子の大人に関する初期の研究ではIQの遺伝割合は57%から73%と見出された。いくつかの最近の研究では遺伝割合は80%に及ぶことも示唆されている。IQと遺伝子は子供時代においては弱い相関であり、大人になるにつれて強く相関する。
Early twin studies of adult individuals have found a heritability of IQ between 57% and 73%,[6] with some recent studies showing heritability for IQ as high as 80%.[7] IQ goes from being weakly correlated with genetics for children, to being strongly correlated with genetics for late teens and adults.
とのことだが。
お金払わないと無理っぽくて、せっかく考えたのに悲しいのでここで供養させてね
https://courrier.jp/news/archives/314638/
https://unherd.com/2022/12/japans-cynical-war-on-woke/
I feel that the idea that 'it is right for all humans, regardless of their ethnic or cultural background, to be "woke" in a Western way' is discriminatory.
Is it really possible to easily judge whether "woke" is happening in cultures or value systems that differ from the Western perspective?
Additionally, as someone who is currently a female college student in Japan, I have a sense of discomfort with the author's argument that "social movements in Japan do not happen from the bottom up, but rather top-down."
On a separate note, I believe that for those who are not familiar with the difference between "茶道" and "茶芸" discussing East Asian art may not only be a little crude when it comes to Japanese culture, but also Chinese culture.
あと元記事で使われている写真はおそらく著者の日本の教え子の成人式か卒業式の写真だと思うんだけど
ボクサーを撲殺したのは僕さ
これから満で数つけるわ
ナンを何枚も食べるのなんて、なんでもないよ
新患の新幹線に関する新刊に新館を立てて震撼し信管が作動する。
ケニアに行ったら生贄や
柑橘類の香りに歓喜し、換気を喚起したが乾季が訪れたので、寒気がした。
塗装を落とそうか。
観光客がフイルムに感光させた写真を刊行することが慣行になった。
サボってサボタージュ
景気が良くなりケーキを食べる契機を伺う徳川慶喜（とくがわけいき）
夫を成敗するオットセイ
つまらない妻の話
竹の丈は高ぇなー
餅を用いて持ち上げる
ロストしたローストビーフ
サボテンの植え替えサボってんな
過度な稼働は可動範囲を狭める
伯爵が博士の拍手に拍車をかけて迫真の爆死をし白寿の白人を白紙にもどす。
紅葉を見て高揚する
甲子園で講師をする公私混同した孔子の実力行使には格子窓も耐えられない。
死んでんのか？「心電図を取ってみよう！」
夜祭で野菜を食べる。
信玄餅を食べながら震源を特定するように進言する新元素を発見した人。
蜂の巣（honeycomb）を見てはにかむ
五反田で地団駄を踏む
ようやく要約が終わった
海溝で邂逅
豪華な業
甲板で甲板をかじる
甲板で乾パンをかじる
店頭で転倒
大枚をはたいてタイ米を買う
醤油をかける人「えっっ？」
神田でした噛んだ
少食な小職
牛の胆嚢の味を堪能する
あの娘にはどう告っても（どうこくっても）慟哭する結果に終わるだろう。
キーンという高音の起因が掴めない。
こんな誤謬は秒でわかるだろ
壊疽した箇所が治るというのは絵空事だ
経口補酔液
痴的好奇心
セントーサ島に行くのは正恩が先頭さ
軽微な警備
冬眠する島民
ベットは別途用意してください
The deserted desert in desert desert.
九尾のキュービズム
罹災者へのリサイタル
画家の画架
不納が富農になるのは不能だ
理工がRICOHに利口な履行
I sensed tha it is in a sense sense.
私はそれをある面では扇子だと感じた。
鯖を食べている人と、それを見ている人の会話
鯖 ça va？
ça va 鯖
ça va
ゆめゆめゆめをみるわけにはいけない
早漏で候
凪に難儀
東上線に搭乗した東條が登場
高校を後攻で煌々と口腔で孝行
蝉が転んでセミコロン
道徳をどう説く
写真はフォトんど撮りません
ダリ「絵ぇかくのだりぃなあ」
華美な花瓶のカビに過敏に反応
檻に入っておりいった話をする
夏のおサマー
夜は寝ナイト
渦中のカチューム
渦中のカチューシャ
リスボンでリスがborn
どうないはどないなってんねん
苫小牧でてんてこ舞い
市内を復旧しないと
石狩の石を借りる
おが置いてあるのを見た人「おはおっかねぇーから置かねぇ方がいいぞ」
砂がどしゃーw
東上線に登場した東條が登場
飽きない商い
おなか吹田市
観劇で感激する
側転に挑戦し即、転倒
別件を瞥見
凹地のお家
魚を初めてみた人「うぉー」
カラヤンの頭の空やーんw
豚をぶった仏陀
只見線をタダ見w
菊名でそんなこと聞くなよ
五秒で死んで御廟に埋葬
がらんとした伽藍
有給を使いすぎて悠久の時が流れた
長谷に想いを馳せる
Thinkerの真価
不具の河豚
暗記のanxious
半世紀にわたる半生での藩政を反省
タンチョウが単調増加
ショック死内親王w
カルカッタの石軽かった
天皇のこと知ってんのー
蒋介石を紹介した商会を照会した商會の船で哨戒する
其方のソナタ
先王に洗脳される
防潮堤で膨張した傍聴人
砂漠で鯖食う鯖を裁く
筒に入った膵島
サイコロを使った心理テスト(psychological test)
カラシニコフが辛子個踏んだ
皇帝の高弟が公邸の校庭の高低差を肯定する工程に拘泥した記録を校訂
にようかで酔うか？
うるさい人が売るサイ
どんなもんだい、を、どんなムンバイ、と言い間違える人
透徹した饕餮の眼球
チャカで茶菓を破壊
slimyなすり身
ゆうほど広くない遊歩道
いにしえのイニシエーション
コーランをご高覧ください
K殻の傾角を測定する計画
協賛した共産党員に強酸をかける
負けたのは聖者の静寂のせいじゃ
裏地見るウラジミール
カミオカンデの上に紙置かんでw
県大会がおわり倦怠感を感じる
夕暮れのユーグレナ
ストライキをする公務員に呼びかける人「 Stay calm（公務）」
エド・はるみの穢
祭壇を裁断
腐卵ダースの犬
全然人が集まらないクラブの人「参加数人は我々の十八番ですから。だけに。」
四苦fuck
都バスが人を跳ね飛ばす
怒るカロテン「なにカロテンねん」
嫌がる慰安婦「いやんっ」
かえるがえる帰る蛙
沈厳な青梗菜
トリコロールの虜
布陣を組む夫人
栗けっとばすクリケット🦗
婉容と遠洋漁業
アマルガムで余るガム
ハラスメントの疑いを晴らす
滋賀を書けない人を歯牙にも掛けない
他意はないタイ人の鯛の態度
鯛が蛇足
ダジャレではない↑
割と面白い
ハラッパーの原っぱ
紫に関して思案を巡らす
Huluが夏の風物詩だと思っている人「Huluですなぁ」（風流）
下調べのムニエル
わからないので
意味ない諱
よく分からんリポーター「うわぁ〜美味しそうですね！少なくとも不味そうには全く見えません！」
どうしても下がりたくない人「黄色い線の内側は、境界を含みますか？？」
計算ができない人
着ていく服を決めた高橋是清「これ着よ」
enough、enoughは工夫がenough
負け負け山（カチカチ山）
薬師丸せま子
トーマス・マンの書いたふるさと「うさぎ〜おーいし、魔の山〜♫」
その心は
焼結が猖獗を極める
これはstaleだから捨てるか
衒学的な弦楽を減額
完全な勧善懲悪
イボ人の疣痔
イブに慰撫
（訳 ぬるぬるしてるありふれた魚）
盲いるのに飯いるの？
アーヘンで阿片を吸った人「あー変」
毒吐く独白
明借りるアスカリ（車）
丁寧な砂浜「Could you九里浜」
ゴーンと奉公
その心は
サンクチュアリに山窟あり
熟れたウレタンは売れたんか？
清澄な声調を静聴し成長
プエルトリコで増える虜
象さんを増産
兄弟が今die
Dose heで始まる疑問文に答える京都人、Yea, he どす
ソフィカルのソロカル
美人局に筒持たせる
十把一絡あげ
篤信な特進が涜神を得心
これは何という植物かな？ムユウジュでは？あそっか、なるほど。
クートゥを食うとぅいいよ
マイソールで昧爽に埋葬
ドクサは毒さ
暗殺で朝死んだ
クラシックについて語る人をそしる人「弦楽なんてペダンチックだなあ」
凛々しいリリシズム
衛生的な俳人
御髪も亂とはオクシモロンだ
コロナ後の世界を分析する学問→postcoronialism
影響が色濃いイロコイ諸族
あてのあてないアテナイ
マジレスされてチビッた．こりゃGoogleさんもビビるわけだ．
ぼく：
How were you implemented? Is it deep learning-based?
I am a language model called GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3) that was developed by OpenAI. It is a deep learning-based model that uses a type of neural network called a transformer, which was trained on a large dataset of text to learn patterns of language.
GPT-3 is trained using a technique called unsupervised learning, where the model is given a massive amount of text data and uses this data to learn patterns and relationships in the language. This allows GPT-3 to generate human-like text when given a prompt, and to understand and respond to natural language input.
The training process of GPT-3 involves a technique called pre-training, which means that the model is trained on a massive dataset before being fine-tuned on a smaller task-specific dataset. This pre-training allows GPT-3 to have a good general understanding of the language and to be able to adapt to specific tasks more easily.
The GPT-3 model has 175 billion parameters, which is one of the largest language models to date, making it able to generate very human-like text and to understand context in a very natural way.
ぼく：
How does GPT-3 have a knowledgebase like an ontology? As it is deep learning-based, the knowledgebase like an ontology would not be implemented explicitly, but the structure should be designed with an expectation of having such a knowledge about hierarchy of concepts.
GPT-3, like other deep learning models, does not have an explicit knowledgebase or ontology built into its structure. Instead, it has been trained on a large dataset of text, which allows it to learn patterns and relationships between concepts.
However, the training data that GPT-3 was exposed to, likely contains a wide range of concepts and hierarchical structures. As GPT-3 learns patterns in the data, it can begin to understand the relationships between different concepts and ideas, and how they are related to each other. This allows the model to generate text that is more coherent and semantically meaningful, making it possible to understand the context and hierarchy of concepts, but it does not have an explicit ontology like a knowledge graph.
It can be said that GPT-3 has a certain level of "implicit ontology", in the sense that it has learned the relationships between concepts in a way that is similar to how a knowledge graph or ontology organizes information. However, it's important to note that GPT-3's understanding of concepts and relationships is based on the patterns it has learned from the training data, which is not a structured and explicit knowledgebase like an ontology.
ぼく：
Then how does GPT-3 handle the long-term or short term memories? Can it remember information about the on-going chatting? My name is Masuda, can GPT-3 keep it in the memory? Furthermore, can it learn and understand the new information from the Q-A queries, and use it in the future queries?
GPT-3 handles long-term and short-term memories differently. When it generates text, it uses a technique called attention mechanism which allows the model to focus on certain parts of the input while generating the output. This allows GPT-3 to keep track of previous information and context when generating text, which can be thought of as a form of short-term memory.
Regarding the on-going chatting, GPT-3 can keep track of certain information, like the name you've provided, Masuda, during the conversation and use it in future responses. However, it's important to note that GPT-3 is a stateless model, which means that it doesn't have a permanent memory that it can refer to after a conversation ends.
Regarding learning from Q-A, GPT-3 is trained on a massive dataset of text, and it learns patterns and relationships between concepts from this data. It can generate text that is semantically meaningful and coherent, but it does not have the capability to learn new information from Q-A sessions and use it in future queries. However, OpenAI has developed another model called DALL-E, which uses GPT-3 and it is capable of learning from Q-A sessions and use it in future queries.
ぼく：
Is ChatGPT superior to the Google search? Previously people used Google to search for their questions. Now a days, ChatGPT can answer to those questions. What are pros and cons of ChatGPT over the Google search?
ChatGPT and Google search are different technologies with different capabilities and strengths.
Google search is a powerful web search engine that can quickly find relevant information from a vast amount of web pages and documents. It uses complex algorithms to rank and sort search results based on relevance, popularity, and other factors. Google search is very good at providing factual information and is an excellent tool for researching a wide range of topics.
ChatGPT, on the other hand, is a natural language processing model that can generate human-like text. It is trained on a large dataset of text and uses this knowledge to understand and respond to natural language input. ChatGPT can generate text that is more coherent and semantically meaningful than a simple information retrieval engine like Google search. ChatGPT can also be used to generate text that is more engaging and human-like, such as in chatbots and virtual assistants.
One of the main advantages of ChatGPT over Google search is its ability to understand and respond to natural language input in a more human-like way. ChatGPT can also generate text that is more coherent and semantically meaningful, which can be useful in many applications. However, Google search is better at providing factual information and searching for specific pieces of information.
Another disadvantage of ChatGPT is that it doesn't have the ability to retrieve information from the web, it can only generate text based on the patterns it has learned from the training data. That's why it's not a replacement for a web search engine like Google but it can be used as an additional tool to help people to find the information they are looking for.
In summary, ChatGPT and Google search have different strengths and capabilities. While Google search is better at providing factual information, ChatGPT is better at understanding and responding to natural language input in a more human-like way.
ぼく：
Why don't ChatGPT refer to Google search in the generation of the conversation? Google Assistant has such a function. Is the reason due to the fact that OpenAI is funded by Google?
ChatGPT is a language model that generates text based on the patterns it has learned from the training data. While it can understand and respond to natural language input in a human-like way, it does not have the capability to access external sources of information like Google search.
Google Assistant, on the other hand, is a virtual assistant that can access a wide range of information and services through the internet, including Google search. Google Assistant can use this information to provide more accurate and relevant responses to user queries.
The reason ChatGPT does not refer to Google search during the generation of the conversation is likely because it was not designed or trained to do so. Instead, it was designed to generate text based on the patterns it has learned from the training data, and it does not have the capability to access external sources of information.
It's worth noting that OpenAI and Google are separate organizations, even though Google is an investor in OpenAI, this doesn't necessarily mean that the two companies work together on their products and services. OpenAI has its own development team, goals and roadmap and they are independent from Google.
ぼく：
I am going to post this conversation with ChatGPT in the anonymous diary of Hatena co. What should I do for attracting people to get many bookmarks?
There are several things you can do to attract people and increase the chances of your conversation with ChatGPT getting many bookmarks on Hatena diary. Some suggestions include:
1. Make sure your conversation is well-written and easy to understand. Use clear and concise language, and consider formatting your text in a way that makes it easy to read.
2. Use relevant keywords and hashtags in your diary entry. This can help make your conversation more discoverable to people searching for related topics on Hatena diary.
3. Include images or videos in your diary entry. This can make your conversation more visually appealing and can help attract more readers.
4. Share your diary entry on social media or other platforms. This can help increase the visibility of your conversation and attract more readers.
5. Encourage readers to share their thoughts and opinions on your conversation by including a call to action or a question at the end of your diary entry.
6. Finally, you can also try to participate in the conversation on Hatena diary, by answering the questions, responding to the comments, and engaging with your readers.
It's important to remember that getting many bookmarks on a diary is not easy and it can take time and effort to build an audience. But by following these tips and being consistent with your diary entry, you will increase the chances of attracting more readers and getting more bookmarks.
ぼく：
I’m Japanese. I also speak English a little.
To my knowledge, a common basic assumption under the probabilistic modeling of the data or the relationship between the data is to deal with the input X and the output Y. Most of the probabilistic models esp. machine learning models only consider these two variables.
Regression models treat the maps from X to Y. In the sense of probabilistic modeling, it is about P(Y|X). In this setting, X is seen as the “user-defined” deterministic variable. On the other hand, generative modeling treat both X and Y probabilistically, say P(Y,X). With P(Y,X), we can “generate” data (X,Y) by sampling from it.
海外の作品を評価するヤツもご家族の教育が前提だぞ。ネタでもやめて欲しい
日本のコンテンツの倫理観は終わってるんで。せめて下記のような評価の指針を持ってからにしよう
Positive message や Positive Role Model という概念
- Positive message
- Positive Role Models ＆ Representations
- Violence ＆ Scariness
- Sexy Stuff
- Language
- Consumerism
- Drinking, Drugs ＆ Smoking
- WHAT PARENTS NEED TO KNOW
- TALK TO YOUR KIDS ABOUT ...
例えばポケモン ↓
WHAT PARENTS NEED TO KNOW
Parents need to know that the long-running Pokémon series is based on characters from a popular video game, and is part of a giant licensing juggernaut. The Pokémon are kid-appealing, but the series features lots of fantasy violence, and pits the cute, monster-like characters against each other on behalf of their trainers. There are some positive messages (teamwork, sportsmanship, respecting elders), but it may be too intense for younger children.
IS IT ANY GOOD?
Over the years, the energetic, imagination-filled, Japanese-inspired fantasy series has cut across cultural, gender, and age barriers to captivate a global audience of girls, boys, and even adults. But like any product that inspires obsessions, it has received its share of criticism. Folks may also find the franchise's massive commercial appeal disturbing, especially since the show is mainly geared towards kids.
The whole concept of human characters summoning subordinates to battle on their behalf may be troubling to some. This can potentially send iffy messages to children with pets, too. But despite the endless fantasy violence, Pokémon attempts to promote messages about choosing the right path in life and resolving differences peacefully--before the fighting starts.
TALK TO YOUR KIDS ABOUT ...
Families can talk about the popularity of Pokémon in the United States. Why do people of all ages find it appealing? What are the most popular Pokémon? Why?
What are the differences between Pokémon and real-life pets. How do Ash and his friends care for their Pokémon? How do we care for pets differently? Why are the Pokémon loyal to them and fight on their behalf? How about Team Rocket? Can we ever expect animals to fight on our behalf?
自己啓発本の類は読まないタイプなんだが、それでも自分のQoLを高めるにはどうするかってことぐらいは考える。
俺は今後何かで「大金持ち」になったり「大成功」することもないだろうから、今の収入のままでQoLを上げたいわけだ。
それで、そもそも「俺の精神がダメージを受けるのはなんでなのか」ってのを突き詰めたら「孤独感」ってやつにたどり着いた。「孤独」ではなく「孤独感」だ。
「周囲の人間に無視されることはサバイバル上の死を意味したから、認められるために孤独を痛みとして感じるようになった」という進化的経緯があることを知る。
だから「承認欲求」とやらは本質的に人間の社会本能であり、個人主義という最新の文化に脳が適応しきれていないことを意味する。
数学という趣味を全く他者と共有せず、一人部屋にこもってやり続けても満足できるなら、そもそも普段の社会生活で十分満足できている可能性が高い。
ところが「孤独感」を抱えてしまうような何らかの問題を持った人間は、趣味を他者と共有したいと考えたがる。
要するに「趣味がないこと」が問題なのではなく、日常生活で「社会から見放されている」と感じる何らかの要因の存在が問題だ。
お前がツイートしても誰もイイネしない。あいつはイイネをたくさんもらっているのに。
こういう本能は理性的には全く理解できない。俺がいくら理性レベルで「こういう感情ってバカっぽいな」と考えても、本能部分が勝手に「孤独感」を生み出すから制御ができないのだ。
アドラーだかなんだかは胡散臭いので、「低次機能で説明可能な場合は高次機能を仮定するな」という心理学におけるオッカムの剃刀はもっと考慮するべきだろう。
理性レベルで対処可能なのは、Twitter、Facebook、Instagramなどの主要ソーシャルメディアを使わないようにすることだ。
そのためにはDNS、ルーター、ファイアウォール、アプリケーション層などあらゆるレベルでコンテンツフィルタリングしてしまったほうが良い。
またロールモデルを作ることも僅かながらの効果はあるかもしれない。賞金を辞退したペレルマンのように振る舞いたい。
以下は参考
"Social isolation results in higher likelihood of mortality, whether measured objectively or subjectively. Cumulative data from 70 independent prospective studies, with 3,407,134 participants followed for an average of 7 years, revealed a significant effect of social isolation, loneliness, and living alone on odds of mortality. After accounting for multiple covariates, the increased likelihood of death was 26% for reported loneliness, 29% for social isolation, and 32% for living alone. These data indicated essentially no difference between objective and subjective measures of social isolation when predicting mortality."
Holt-Lunstad, J. et al. (2015): Loneliness and Social Isolation as Risk Factors for Mortality: A Meta-Analytic Review. Perspectives on Psychological Science 2015, Vol. 10(2), pp. 227–237 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25910392/
"Results Of the 35 925 records retrieved, 23 papers met inclusion criteria for the narrative review. They reported data from 16 longitudinal datasets, for a total of 4628 CHD and 3002 stroke events recorded over follow-up periods ranging from 3 to 21 years. Reports of 11 CHD studies and 8 stroke studies provided data suitable for meta-analysis. Poor social relationships were associated with a 29% increase in risk of incident CHD (pooled relative risk: 1.29, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.59) and a 32% increase in risk of stroke (pooled relative risk: 1.32, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.68). Subgroup analyses did not identify any differences by gender. Conclusions Our findings suggest that deficiencies in social relationships are associated with an increased risk of developing CHD and stroke. Future studies are needed to investigate whether interventions targeting loneliness and social isolation can help to prevent two of the leading causes of death and disability in high-income countries."
Valtorta, N. K. et al. (2016): Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies. Heart Vol. 102, pp. 1009–1016 https://heart.bmj.com/content/102/13/1009
CNNの記事なので英語の元記事を見てみよう、どういう表現だろうか
Tonga eruption blasted enough water to fill 58,000 Olympic pools into the Earth's atmosphere, NASA says
The eruption sent a tall plume of water vapor into the stratosphere, which is located between 8 and 33 miles (12 and 53 kilometers) above the Earth's surface. It was enough water to fill 58,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to detections from a NASA satellite.
この噴火により、地表から 12 ～ 53 km (8 ～ 33 マイル) の高さに位置する成層圏に、水蒸気の高いプルームが送り込まれました。 NASA の衛星からの検出によると、オリンピック サイズのプール 58,000 個を満たすのに十分な量の水でした。
英語圏でよく使われるのだろうか？この「プール何杯分」というのは
twitterで「fill pools until:2022-01-01」の検索条件で検索してみる
すると以下のようなニュースがツイートされているのを発見（「The Hustle」という媒体のようだ）
In 2020, US gas stations sold enough gas to fill 187k Olympic-size swimming pools. But most don’t make money from gas. Here’s why.
2020 年、米国のガソリン スタンドは、187,000 個のオリンピック サイズのプールを満たすのに十分な量のガソリンを販売しました。しかし、ほとんどの人はガスからお金を稼ぎません。理由は次のとおりです。
ニュースサイトではない一般ユーザーもこのような表現をしていた
During my lifetime I've probably drank enough whisky to fill an Olympic size swimming pool, but whisky flavoured foods of any description should be avoided like the plague.
私は一生の間に、おそらくオリンピックサイズのプールを満たすのに十分な量のウィスキーを飲みましたが、どのような種類のウィスキー風味の食べ物もペストのように避けるべきです.
英語版wikipediaの「Olympic-size swimming pool」のページを見てみよう
An Olympic-size swimming pool is used as a colloquial unit of volume, to make approximate comparisons to similarly sized objects or volumes. It is not a specific definition, as there is no official limit on the depth of an Olympic pool. The value has an order of magnitude of 1 megaliter (ML).[1]
オリンピック サイズのスイミング プールは、口語的な体積の単位として使用され、同様のサイズのオブジェクトまたは体積とのおおよその比較を行います。 オリンピックプールの深さには公式の制限がないため、これは特定の定義ではありません。 値は 1 メガリットル (ML) の大きさのオーダーを持っています。 [1]
なるほど、この書き方だとニュースの定型句に限らず一般的に使う言い回しに見える
※追記：
編集履歴を確認したところ00:16, 30 May 2003のリビジョン時点で以下の記述がある
少なくとも20年前からこのような言い回しがwikipediaに書かれる程度には一般的だったようだ
An Olympic Size Swimming Pool is the type of pool used in the Olympic Games. The size of the pool is commonly used to define the size of other objects, or to explain how much water is in a particular location.
オリンピック サイズのスイミング プールは、オリンピックで使用されるプールの種類です。 プールのサイズは、通常、他のオブジェクトのサイズを定義したり、特定の場所にある水の量を説明したりするために使用されます。
追記ここまで
英語圏の人はピンと来てるのだろうかこの言い方で
勘だがピンとこない人も結構いる気がする
だって日本人でも「東京ドーム何杯分」がピンとこない人は結構いるからな
調べてみたがなかなか興味深かった、他にもこういう海外のよくわからん単位がありそうだ
「フットボールコート何個分」みたいな面積についての言い回しもあるみたいだったし
その国固有の例えとかありそうで面白い
イタリアなら「コロッセオ何杯分」とかあったりしそう（調べてないけど）
※再追記：
以下の英WikipediaのページのVolumeのCasual unitsの項がズバリだ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unusual_units_of_measurement
心理的安全性という言葉はGoogleが掲げていることで有名になった。ではGoogleに真の心理的安全性は存在するのか。
Googleが「カースト差別」に関する講演をキャンセル、「私たちの職場にカースト差別は存在しない」と広報担当者は主張
https://gigazine.net/news/20220606-google-cancelled-talk-caste-bias/
現代世界に残る最大規模の差別はヒンディー教のカーストであることは誰もが認めるところであろう。Google社内でカーストについて語ることはご法度になっている。真に心理的安全性があるのであれば昨今流行りのDiversity and Inclusionイニシアチブとしてカースト制度は積極的に批判されるべきであるが誰も問題にしない。アメリカや中国の問題ではないからである。
インドのカースト差別は深刻で海外に移り住んでもつきまとってくることがある。例えばGoogle社長やMicrosoft社長はインド人だが彼らはカースト最上位のバラモンである。カースト最下位の人達がこれらの会社の社長になれるだろうか。なれないだろう。彼らがカースト差別を批判しているか？していない。アメリカ企業で勝ち組となったインド人はそもそも特権階級であることが多くインドの差別問題を訴えるインセンティブは皆無である。彼らは現在アメリカの白人のように特権階級であるとして迫害されることを恐れている。アメリカであれば有色人種のマイノリティとして美味しい汁を吸うことができるためそれに甘んじているのだ。世の中は偽善で溢れている。
Google、中の人の「女性は生まれつきエンジニアに向かない」文書回覧で社内騒然
https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/1708/06/news034.html
"Google’s Ideological Echo Chamber"という社内文章でGoogleが違法な逆差別を行っていることを示し問題点を指摘した文章である。この文章を書いた人物は解雇された。心理的安全性が真にあるのであればGoogleは真っ当な批判に真摯に向き合うべきであった。GoogleはAI倫理学者も解雇したが彼女はヒステリックであった。この文章は彼女のヒステリックな主張に比べると幾分かはまともな主張であり皆がこっそりと気付いていることを文章にしたものである。米国では雇用の際に性別や人種をもとに差別を行うことが禁じられている。逆差別も本来は違法であるが大きく問題になることは少ない。Googleは違法であることを知っているので隠れて雇用トレーニングを行っていると著者は主張している。
Google’s Ideological Echo Chamber
https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/3914586/Googles-Ideological-Echo-Chamber.pdf
TL;DR
- Google’s political bias has equated the freedom from offense with psychological safety, but shaming into silence is the antithesis of psychological safety.
- This silencing has created an ideological echo chamber where some ideas are too sacred to be honestly discussed.
- The lack of discussion fosters the most extreme and authoritarian elements of this ideology.
- Differences in distributions of traits between men and women may in part explain why we don't have 50% representation of women in tech and leadership.
- Discrimination to reach equal representation is unfair, divisive, and bad for business.
さてそんなGoogleであるが女性社員の給料を意図的に少なくしていた。口で言っていることと実際にやっていることが異なる。
草
History of Eastern role-playing video games: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Eastern_role-playing_video_games&diff=prev&oldid=1086191567
元増田です。一点、ちゃんと訂正（と追加的な説明）および指摘しておきたいことを話します。
いくらかコメントを頂いた中でBhuller et. al. (2013)は「インターネットと性犯罪の関係を見ただけで、ポルノグラフィと性犯罪の関係を見ているわけじゃないだろう」というコメントがありました。これについて少し説明します。
まず一点謝罪と訂正からです。私はBhuller et. al. (2013) のAbsractの最後の文章”Our findings suggest that the direct effect on sex crime propensity is positive and non-negligible, possibly as a result of increased consumption of pornography.” を引用したうえで、「つまりインターネットによって性犯罪は増加したことが示唆され、おそらくそれはポルノ消費の増加によるものだろう」と訳しましたが、指摘もらった通り、Possiblyをおそらくと訳すのは間違っていました。Possiblyは恐らくよりもっと蓋然性の低い”もしかしたら”という訳のほうが適切だったように思います。この論文はインターネットと性犯罪の影響をメインに扱っているもので、ポルノグラフィの影響はあくまで示唆的なものに留まるわけですね。
ではこれが何故、私の論旨に影響しないのか、という点に進みます。端的に言えば、Kendall (2007)も全く同じ限界（Limitation)を抱えているからです。Kendall (2007)は分析において、あくまでインターネットの普及と性犯罪の関連を扱っています。Kendall は本文で"Nevertheless, it must be admitted that from this analysis one cannot fully distinguish between the effect of pornography and that of other content available online"、つまりこの分析では（インターネット上）のポルノグラフィの影響と、その他のインターネットコンテンツの影響を識別することはできない、と述べているわけです。この二つの論文は同じ論点とその示唆を持っています。この二つの論文が同じ限界に直面している以上、Bhullerらの論文がKendallの論文に比べてirrelevantとはいえないと私は考えます。
私は特に査読至上主義者ではありません。トップジャーナルに掲載された論文が辛辣に批判されされた例はたくさんあります。私自身、そのような論文に瑕疵を見つけたこともあります。ただ蓋然性の観点から、15年未査読である論文と、トップジャーナルに掲載された論文の信ぴょう性を同等に扱うことはできないと主張しています。この二つにおいて前者より信ぴょう性がある（＋重要である）ものとすることは、経済学研究の価値規範を逆さまにしない限り、ありえないことです。
Overall, the estimates suggest that about 3.2 % of the total number of rapes and 2.5 % of the total number of sex crimes and child sex abuses that occurred between 2000 and 2008 would have been avoided if broadband internet had not been introduced.
レイプの2.5%、性犯罪と児童性虐待の2.5%はブロードバンドインターネットが導入されなければ回避できたって言ってるね。しかしインターネットの何が原因なのか。出会い系？
We find that there is an overrepresentation among compliers of individuals who are more likely to be sex offenders, most notably young males.
ブロードバンドを早期に導入するのも性犯罪者になりやすいにも若い男性だっていう過剰出現(overrepresentation)の問題があるよって話もしてる
上記の他、本当にインターネットの普及と性犯罪に正の相関があるかについては3つ仮説を考えているようで
1つ目、インターネットを活用して通報が早くなったり未解決事件が少なくなったりしたからでは→これは否定
だが
2つ目、出会い系などのマッチング機能が容易になったことによるのでは
という2つの仮説については、両者の効果を区別することはできなかったようだ
we admittedly cannot rule out matching effects
ただ、以下の2点から推論して、「(性犯罪への影響については)少なくとも部分的にはインターネット利用の直接効果によってもたらされていることが示唆される」と結論づけてる
・本件はノルウェーでの調査なんだが、隣国スウェーデン国境付近ではインターネット利用による性犯罪の影響が少ない
・破壊行為や窃盗などの他の犯罪についてはインターネット利用の直接効果が見られない
(1)スウェーデン国境付近のノルウェーではスウェーデンの(非インターネットの)ポルノを利用しやすい
(2)一方出会い系の利用はスウェーデン国境付近かどうか関係ないはず
(3)この状況で、インターネットが普及すると、スウェーデン国境付近ではそれほど性犯罪は増加しなかったが、そうでないところでは比較的多めに増加した
→だからインターネットを利用したポルノによって性犯罪が増加したかもしれない
と言っているんだが、正直この意見見てどうだろう
俺の感想としては、(1)と(2)は逆だ。媒体であるポルノを利用するより直接出会いが発生する方が、より国境の近さに影響されるんじゃないか？
というのと、
ノルウェーとスウェーデンの性犯罪発生の違いをポルノの利用の許さだけに求めるのは危険すぎないか？
というのと、
全体的に「スウェーデンの悪い風習がノルウェーに入ってきた」みたいな論調になってて失礼すぎね？
と思った
一読して、同性愛をめぐる主題の取り扱いの薄さが気になったのだが、筒井亮太の解題に指摘があった。
「[...]実のところ、サリヴァン個人のセクシュアリティの部分は、後続する類書（本書もその例外ではない）において巧妙に回避され、正面きって論じられることが少ない。その点を鋭く指摘したブレッシュナー（Blechner 2005）は、サリヴァンの病棟管理実践をはじめとするさまざまな着想の背景には彼個人の同性愛（とその社会的苦境）が大きく関わっていると言う。ゲイを公言しているブレッシュナーのもとには、サリヴァンが記述しているような患者が多く訪れており、患者たちは周囲の「ホモフォビア」によって傷つき苦しんでいた。その臨床経験も含めて、彼は、サリヴァンの対人関係論を理解する上で、性欲同や同性愛の側面を除外せず、考慮するように強く主張している」（313 f.）
訳者はこの点（巧妙に回避されていること）をどのようにとらえているのだろうと思った（「ゲイを公言しているブレッシュナー」という書きぶり・・・）。
Mark J. Blechnerの論文は、ウェブ上で入手でき、『精神病理学私記』を読み解くのに有益な情報がいくつかあり面白く読んだ。
The gay Harry Stack Sullivan: Interactions between his life, clinical work, and theory
http://www.wawhite.org/uploads/PDF/E1F_2%20Blechner_M_TGHSS.pdf
同性パートナー、Michael Allenによれば街娼であった、を養子としたことや、相互フェラチオ、いわゆる「69」への着目の背景、意味（サリヴァンの著作表紙にみられる陰陽図を模したような白と黒の馬の頭部の図柄）等の下りが特に興味深かった。
調べると訳者はTwitterのアカウントを運用している様子。明らかに個人が特定されうる投稿内容なのだが、同氏を含め特定可能な仕方でSNS運用する心理臨床家は、自己開示をめぐる職業倫理についてどのようにとらえているのだろう。
Whole grains" such as brown rice and barley rice improve diabetes, sleep, and depression
Keywords
Eating "whole grains" such as whole grain bread, brown rice, sprouted brown rice, millet rice, and barley rice lowers the risk of diabetes and obesity.
Studies have also shown that a whole grain eating style can improve sleep and prevent depression.
Not All Carbohydrates Are Created Equal
Choosing the right carbohydrates and adjusting the amount of carbohydrates you eat is the best approach to controlling diabetes. Of the three macronutrients, carbohydrates are the ones that have the most immediate impact on blood sugar, so we need to be careful about how we consume them.
Eating refined flour or white rice, for example, may contain the same amount of carbohydrates, but because they contain less fiber, they are absorbed more quickly, leading to an increase in postprandial blood glucose." For diabetics who need to control their blood sugar, the recommendation is whole grains," says Carla Duenas.
Duenas is a dietitian with Baptist Health South Florida, a clinical care network with seven hospitals in the U.S. state of Florida. She stresses, "To achieve a healthy diet, whole grains should be included in the diet, along with high-quality protein, vegetables, and fruits."
What to do about diabetic staples? '50-55% carbs' is healthiest
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Replace white rice with brown rice
Whole grains are grains that have not had their hulls, seed skins, embryos, or endosperm removed by processing such as milling.
Many studies have shown that a diet rich in whole grains reduces the risk of diabetes, obesity, and heart disease more than a diet rich in refined grains.
Familiar whole grains include foods such as bread, pasta, and oatmeal made from whole wheat grains, brown rice, sprouted brown rice, millet rice, and barley rice containing barley.
Brown rice is a whole grain and rich in fiber. Although whole grains are not necessarily the best choice, replacing white rice with brown rice is recommended for people with diabetes or obesity," Duenas advises.
You get the fiber you tend to lack.
Carbohydrates can be divided into simple carbohydrates, which raise blood glucose levels quickly, and complex carbohydrates, which raise them slowly. Simple carbohydrates are those found in sweets and fruits, while complex carbohydrates are those found in grains, potatoes, beans, and other foods.
Complex carbohydrates take longer to be absorbed and raise blood glucose levels at a slower rate because they are broken down into simple carbohydrates before being digested and absorbed.
Complex carbohydrates are "healthy carbohydrates. Whole grains such as unrefined flour and brown rice have properties similar to complex carbohydrates. They are rich in nutrients that are often lacking, such as fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which are lost during the refining process," Duenas points out.
Refined carbohydrates can also cause insomnia.
Thirty percent of adults suffer from insomnia, and part of the cause may be dietary style. Refined carbohydrates may increase the risk of insomnia in women, according to a study.
The study showed that postmenopausal women who eat junk foods and soft drinks, especially those high in carbohydrates, are more likely to develop insomnia.
Conversely, women who consume more fiber-rich fruits and vegetables have a decreased risk of insomnia.
The study was conducted by James Ganwish and colleagues from the Bagelos School of Medicine at Columbia University in the United States.
77,860 women were studied for three years.
Insomnia is often treated with pharmacotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy, both of which are costly to the patient and expensive. Improving one's diet is low-cost, easy to implement, and free of side effects," says Ganwish.
The study is based on data from observational studies conducted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Women's Health Initiative Study (WHI) to obtain information to prevent and treat health problems among women.
The researchers examined the association between insomnia and 77,860 postmenopausal women who participated in the WHI. They surveyed them about their dietary habits and followed them for three years from 1997 to 2001.
The participants were analyzed by dividing them into five groups according to GI level, an index that indicates the ease with which blood glucose levels rise after a meal.
The results revealed a 16% higher risk of developing insomnia and an 11% higher prevalence in the group with higher dietary GI values. The study also found that the higher the intake of vegetables and fruits, the lower the risk of insomnia.
The study also found a lower risk of developing depression.
The study found that "a spike in blood glucose levels after a meal stimulates the secretion of insulin, which lowers blood glucose, and may lead to a state of hyperinsulinemia. As a result, blood glucose levels drop and the secretion of hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol increases, which may disrupt sleep," explains Ganwish.
The foods that trigger insomnia may be processed foods that contain high levels of isomerized sugar, which is composed of fructose and glucose. Such foods are not found in nature, but are mass-produced industrially and sold cheaply.
Fruits also contain fructose, but they are also rich in fiber. Fruits have a low GI and are thought to be less likely to cause postprandial blood sugar elevation.
A study of 69,954 women who participated in the WHI, published by Ganwish and colleagues in 2015, also showed that women who ate a high GI diet had a 22% higher risk of developing depression.
Gunwish noted, "We need randomized clinical trials to determine the benefits of improving diet and increasing intake of whole grains and complex carbohydrates to prevent and treat insomnia and depression."
