「only」を含む日記 RSS

はてなキーワード: onlyとは

2020-04-06

Report: China says it will ship France a billion face masks -- but only if they buy their 5G equipment from Huawei:

マジ?外交ネタになってきたね

2020-04-05

anond:20200404031157

ケドラヤのコメント反論の1つとして乗せてあるだけ。この記事自体賛否どっちにも誘導しようとせずに公平であろうとしているよ。下にこう書いてあるじゃない。

「In the world of mathematics, a journal’s seal of approval is often not the end of the peer-review process. An important result only truly becomes an accepted theorem after the community has reached a consensus that it is correct, and this can go on for years after a paper’s official publication.」

2020-04-01

anond:20200401175736

ネットde真実を止めろ」というくせに、原典に当たらずに自分に都合のいいネット情報を組み合わせてるだけなんだよお前

https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/when-and-how-to-use-masks

When to use a mask

・If you are healthy, you only need to wear a mask if you are taking care of a person with suspected 2019-nCoV infection.

Wear a mask if you are coughing or sneezing.

Masks are effective only when used in combination with frequent hand-cleaning with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.

・If you wear a mask, then you must know how to use it and dispose of it properly.

マスクを装着すべきケース

健康であれば、感染の疑いのある人の世話をする場合のみ必要

・咳やくしゃみをするなら必要

マスク有効なのはアルコールベースの手指消毒剤または石けんと水で頻繁に手洗いすることと組み合わせた場合のみ

マスクをするなら、その正しい使い方と廃棄方法を知る必要がある

2020-03-29

Privacy Policy 背景透過アプリ

## Accepting the Terms and Privacy Policy

These Terms of Service ("Terms") are a legal agreement between we and you ("you"). By installing or using any application ("Service") you agree to be bound by these Terms. By accessing or using the Service, you agree that you have read, understood, and accept to be bound by the Terms. We reserve the right, in its sole discretion, to modify or revise these Terms at any time, and you agree to be bound by such modifications or revisions. If you do not agree to the Terms, do not use the Service.

Users are responsible for periodically viewing the Terms. Your continued use of the Service after a change or update has been made will constitute your acceptance to the revised Terms. If you do not agree to the Terms your only remedy is to discontinue your use of the Service and cancel any accounts you have made using the Service.

We reserve the right to refuse any user access to the Services without notice for any reason, including, but not limited to, a violation of the Terms.

You represent that you are 13 years old or older. If you are between the ages of 13 and 18, you represent that your legal guardian has reviewed and agrees to the Terms.

## Intellectual Property/Ownership

All materials that are part of the Service (including, but not limited to, designs, text, graphics, pictures, video, information, applications, software, music, sound and other files, and their selection and arrangement) are protected by law from unauthorized use.

We grant you a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable, limited scope license to use the Service solely for the purpose of viewing and using the applicable Services and for no other purpose whatsoever. Your license to use the Services is limited by these Terms.

User Content

You agree that you are willingly publishing the content on the Service using technology and tools provided by us. You understand and agree that you may not distribute, sell, transfer or license this content and/or application in any manner, in any country, or on any social network or another medium without the explicit written permission of us. We reserve the right to remove and permanently delete any User Content from the Service with or without notice.

Rules of Conduct/Usage

You agree that all your communications with the Communication Channels are public, and thus you have no expectation of privacy regarding your use of the Communication Channels. We is not responsible for information that you choose to share on the Communication Channels, or for the actions of other users.

Privacy and Protection of Personal Information

By using the Service, you agree to the collection and use of your personal information as outlined in this Privacy Policy. We may amend the Privacy Policy from time to time, and we encourage you to consult the Privacy Policy regularly for changes.

Cookies

A cookie is a small data file that we transfer to your computer’s hard disk, generally to quickly identify a user's computer and to "remember" things about the user's visit, such as your preferences or a user name and password. The Service sends cookies to your computer when you access or view the content of us. The information contained in a cookie may be linked to your personal information for purposes such as improving the quality of our service, tailoring recommendations to your interests, and making the Service easier to use. You can disable cookies at any time, although you may not be able to access or use features of the Service.

Third-Party Advertising Companies

We may use third-party advertising companies to serve ads on the Service. We do not provide any personal information to third-party advertising companies on a non-aggregate basis. Our system and the third-party advertising technology may use aggregate information, non-personal information, Our cookies on your hard drive and your use of the Service to target advertisements. In addition, advertisers may use other third-party advertising technology to target advertising on other sites. If advertisements are served to you, a unique third-party cookie or cookies may be placed on your computer. Similarly, third-party advertising companies may provide us with pixel tags (also called “clear gifs” or “beacons”) to help manage and optimize online advertising. Beacons enable us to recognize a browser’s cookie when a browser visits the site on which is a beacon is located, and to learn which banner ads bring users to a given site.

Changing or Deleting Your Information

You may review, update, correct or delete any personal information by changing the applicable information in your profile page on Facebook and/or another social network (s). If you completely delete all this information, your account may become deactivated. If you would like us to delete your record in our system, please contact us and we will attempt to accommodate your request if we are not legally obligated to retain the record.

Security

We have put in place reasonable technical and organizational measures designed to secure your personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorized access, use, alteration or disclosure. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third parties will never be able to overcome those measures or use your personal information for improper purposes. Also please note that email and messaging systems are not considered secure, so we discourage you from sending us personal information through these mediums.

Policy Regarding Children

The Service is not geared toward children under the age of 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children under the age of 13. If we learn that a child under 13 has provided us with personal information we will delete such information from our files as quickly as possible.

Disclaimer of Warranty; Limitation of Liability

You agree that your use of the Service shall be at your sole risk. To the fullest extent permitted by law, We, its officers, directors, employees, and agents disclaim all warranties, express or implies, in connection with the website and your use thereof including implied warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement, accuracy, authority, completeness, usefulness, and timeliness. We make no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of the content of the Service and of the content of any sites linked to the Service; We assume no liability or responsibility for any (i) errors, mistakes, or inaccuracies of content, (ii) personal injury or property damage, of any nature whatsoever, resulting from your access to and use of the Service, (iii) any unauthorized access to or use of our secure servers and/or any and all personal information and/or financial information stored therein, (iv) any interruption or cessation of transmission to or from the Service, (v) any bugs, viruses, trojan horses, or the like which may be transmitted to or through the Service by any third party, and/or (vi) any errors or omissions in any content or for any loss or damage of any kind incurred as a result of the use of any content posted, emailed, transmitted, or otherwise made available via the Service.

In no event will We, its directors, officers, agents, contractors, partners and employees, be liable to you or any third person for any special, direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequential damages whatsoever including any lost profits or lost data arising from your use of the Service or other materials on, accessed through or downloaded from the Service, whether based on warranty, contract, tort, or any other legal theory, and whether or not We have been advised of the possibility of these damages. The foregoing limitation of liability shall apply to the fullest extent permitted by law in the applicable jurisdiction. You specifically acknowledge that We shall not be liable for user submissions or the defamatory, offensive, or illegal conduct of any third party and that the risk of harm or damage from the foregoing rests entirely with you.

You agree to indemnify and hold We, and each of its directors, officers, agents, contractors, partners, and employees, harmless from and against any loss, liability, claim, demand, damages, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney's fees, arising out of or in connection with (i) your use of and access to the Service; (ii) your violation of any term of these Terms of Service; (iii) your violation of any third party right, including without limitation any copyright, property, or privacy right; (iv) any claim that one of your User Submissions caused damage to a third party; or (v) any Content you post or share on or through the Service.

General

By visiting or using the Service, you agree that the laws of UK, without regard to principles of conflict of laws and regardless of your location, will govern these Terms of Service and any dispute of any sort that might arise between you and us.

Contacting Us

If you have any questions about these Terms of Service, please contact us at reposting23334.contact@gmail.com

2020-03-27

楽園こちら側」の「事実に誠意を」をほぼdeepLで翻訳してみた その2

その1https://anond.hatelabo.jp/20200327214055

12 Dr. Hiroshi Nishiura is one of the few professionals of mathematical models of infectious diseases in Japan, and it is well known that his ability is outstanding. However, many people don't understand mathematical models themselves (I must confess that I can't say that I understand all of the findings because I'm not a professional of mathematical models either), so his findings and comments are easily deified. Because the contents of the mathematical model are a complete black box to many people, it makes it seem like the oracle is coming out like a shrine's oracle. Much of Japan's infection control policy relies on the Nishiura theory. So there is nothing wrong with that, but one of the problems in Japan is that there is no plan B in case plan A goes bust. Dr. Nishiura is an excellent scholar. It is not God. Hence the need to have that Plan B with the possibility of making a mistake. I am greatly concerned that bureaucrats and politicians who are prone to infallibilism will mistake science for an oracle. It is only when falsifiability is assured that science can continue to be scientific.

感想おみくじ神託が同じoracleだったので変な文章になったが直していない。

13 数理モデル演繹法活用産物である演繹法帰納法アブダクションで補完するのが、学問の基本であり、臨床医学常識である演繹法的にどんなに正しく見えても実はそれは違っていた、ということはこの業界ではよくあることなのだ。ヘーゲルマルクスのような巨大な知性でも演繹法オンリーでは間違うのである

Mathematical models are the product of deductive methods. The deductive method is complemented by the inductive or abduction method, which is the basis of scholarship and the common sense of clinical medicine. It's a common occurrence in this industry that no matter how deducibly correct it may seem, it's actually not true. Even a huge intellect like Hegel or Marx can make a mistake by deduction alone.

感想:「蓋を開けてみれば」を「実はそれは」に変更した。

14 モデルを使うな、といっているのでは決してない。ぼく自身モデルを用いて論文を書く。しかし、モデル無謬ではなく、そこには前提である仮定があり、仮定はしばしば間違っている。グラム染色活用するとは、グラム染色にできないこと、分からないことを知悉していることであり、グラム染色万能論者にグラム染色は使えない。同じことだ。英国でも数理モデル活用されているが、だからこそ英国人はその結語には非常に懐疑的で、常に反論異論が起きている。健全科学的な態度である

 I'm not saying don't use the model at all. I myself write a paper using a model. However, the model is not infallible, there are assumptions that are assumptions, and the assumptions are often wrong. Making use of Gram's stain means having full knowledge of what Gram's stain cannot do and does not understand, and Gram's stain cannot be used by Gram's stain universalists. It's the same thing. Mathematical models are also utilized in the UK, which is why Brits are very sceptical of their conclusions, and there are always counter-arguments and objections. It is a sound and scientific attitude.

感想:「前提たる仮定」がうまく訳せていなかったので「前提である仮定」にしたが、assumptions that are assumptionsになってしまった。

英国人は」がないと主語がIになってしまったので追加した。しかBritsじゃ意味違うよ。もっと正しく訳してくれない?

15 Japan's "now" is a well-controlled state of infection, which is much better than Wuhan at its worst, or Italy, Spain, France, England, or New York at the present time. The problem is that it doesn't guarantee that it will "always work".

感想特にない。便利だなあ。

16 懸念されるのは東京だ。感染報告が増えたことだけが問題なのではない。クラスター形成できない、トレースできない感染者が増えているのが問題である。そして、その陽性患者数に比べて検査数がずっと少ない。47人の感染者を捕捉するために100人未満(陽性者の検査日が不明だが、おそらくこのへんだろう)しか検査していないのは少なすぎる。

It is Tokyo that is of concern. The increase in reports of infection is not the only problem. The problem is that more and more infected people are unable to form clusters and cannot be traced. And the number of tests is much lower than that number of positive cases; it's too little that they only tested less than 100 people (the date of testing for the positives is unknown, but it's probably around here) to capture 47 infected people.

Again, it's not necessary to figure out all the infected people. However, it is troubling that the flow of infection, movement and clusters are out of sight. Therefore, the threshold for testing must be lowered in Tokyo. The threshold for testing varies with the circumstances. That's what I explained with the Korean example. Sticking to the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare's "standards" will lead to a misunderstanding of the phenomenon itself. Already in the Kansai region, infected people have been found with taste and smell abnormalities, and clusters have been detected from there. I would like to make more use of the athletic sensibilities of these clinicians. I'm not sure "where" in Tokyo is the barrier to lowering the number of inspections, but that barrier needs to be removed immediately.

感想:「捕捉するのに」を「捕捉するために」に変更した。多分これでいいと思う。思いたい。

アスチュートathleticになっているのはどう反応したらいいかからない。

17 This conceptual diagram that everyone is looking at - lowering the peak of the infection and shifting it to the side. This is all a product of deduction, and I don't know if it's really true. As mentioned above, the UK estimates already suggest that this is not enough. It is possible that the damage that was shifted to the side could simply be "extra-long damage".

感想特に言うことはない。便利だなあ。

18  そして、ここが肝心なのだが、ピークを下げるという理念が、「ピークを下げなければいけない」という観念になり、「ピークは下がっているはずだ」という確信になり、「ピークは起きていないんだ」という自己暗示に転じてはいけないということだ。プランAに固執する日本あるあるの失敗のパターンで、ダイヤモンドプリンセスでは「二次感染が起きてはいけない」が「起きているはずがない」に転じてノーガード下船を許してしまった。「ピークが起きてはいけない」が「ピークなんて見たくない」にならないように現実を見据える必要がある。たとえ、それが我々の見たくない不都合な真実であったとしても。

And this is the key point: the idea of lowering the peak should not become the notion that the peak must be lowered, or the belief that the peak must be lowered, or the self-implication that the peak is not happening. In a pattern of Japanese failure to stick to Plan A, Diamond Princess allowed no-guard disembarkation by changing "secondary infection should not occur" to "it can't have happened". We need to keep our eyes on reality so that "peak shouldn't happen" doesn't become "I don't want to see a peak. Even if it is an inconvenient truth that we don't want to see.

感想:mustが違う文脈で二回出てきている。よくわかるように変更したいものだ。

カギカッコがないとうまく訳せなかったので追加しているが、なぜかカッコ閉じるがいくつか抜けている。この箇所以外にも抜けがある。

19 Repeatedly. It's common knowledge in this industry that deductive methods are complemented by inductive methods. Nevertheless, PCR is often false-negative and has little power to determine the status of infection. That's why "testing everything" is so wrong. However, a serum test measuring immunoglobulin IgM and IgG would provide a more accurate picture of the "status of infection in the population. This, however, is not infallible. It is difficult to use for individual cases because it misses early infection, which is why it misses early HIV infection.Whether antibody testing is useful in individual cases remains to be tested, but it is well suited for epidemiological studies on a population basis. Roughly speaking, we can confirm whether the "infection is rampant" in Tokyo right now, or whether it's just an unfounded fear.

前例としては、ロンドンの血清検査で09年パンデミックインフルエンザが従来予測10倍起きていたことが血清検査でわかっている。抗体検査アウトブレイクのあとで事後的に行うことが多いが、慢性的パンデミックになりつつあるCOVID-19については、「今」こそが検証ポイントといって良い。

As a precedent, serology tests in London showed that the 2009 pandemic flu was 10 times more likely than previously predicted. Antibody testing is often performed after an outbreak, but now is a good time to examine COVID-19, which is becoming a chronic pandemic.

感想:「前例はあって」を「前例としては」に変えた。「前例はある。なおかつロンドンで〜10倍起きていた」になってしまたからだ。

20 英国さらアグレッシブだ。家庭で抗体検査を行い、「感染である」とわかればそれを自宅での自己隔離根拠に使おうというのだ。ロックダウンが起きている中で、検査陰性は「自己隔離不要」を意味しないため、その戦略に欠陥はある。が、考え方としては「感染全体を抑え込みたい」というもので、検討価値はあると思う。

The UK is even more aggressive. The idea is to test for antibodies at home, and if they are found to be infected, they will use it as a basis for self-isolation at home. That strategy is flawed because with the lockdown in place, a negative test does not mean "no self-sequestration". However, the idea is that we want to control the infection as a whole, and I think it is worth considering.

感想:「戦略に穴はある」を「戦略に欠陥はある」に変えた。

21 東京でどのくらいの感染が起きているか帰納法確認必要であり、有用だ。その結果がどうなるかは預言者ではないぼくには分からない。が、どんな結果が出てきても、それを受け入れ、場合によっては自説を変えて、プランBに移行することにも躊躇しない態度が科学者には必要だ。科学者は、首尾一貫していないことにかけて、首尾一貫していなければならないのだ。形式においては首尾一貫していなくても、プリンシプルプロフェッショナリズムにおいて一貫しなければならないのだ。事実に誠意を。 

Inductive legal confirmation of how many infections are occurring in Tokyo is necessary and useful. I'm not a prophet, so I don't know what the outcome will be.However, no matter what the outcome, scientists need to accept it and not hesitate to change their thesis and move on to Plan B in some cases. Scientists have to be coherent in their inconsistencies.They may not be coherent in form, but they must be coherent in principles and professionalism. Good faith in the facts. 

感想:首尾一貫という言葉を使いすぎて文章をアホっぽくしてしまったが他にいい方法が思いつかない。朝三暮四理解してくれなかった。「自説を曲げ」は「自説を変えて」に変更した。

文章はもう少し整形できると思うがとりあえずこれで。

岩田健太郎先生とDeepLに敬意を。

楽園こちら側」の「事実に誠意を」をほぼdeepLで翻訳してみた その1

https://georgebest1969.typepad.jp/blog/2020/03/事実に誠意を.html

これが原文です。

外国から問い合わせが来ているけれども時間がなくて訳せないということで、DeepLの性能確認ついでにやってみました。

この私訳と岩田健太郎先生無関係なのでよろしくお願いします。

訳された文章を原文と見比べ、翻訳文章おかしくなったところや慣用句は「必ず日本語側の文章をいじることで」できるだけ解消しました。

よって改変した文章だけをこちらに載せ、改変する必要がなかったところは段落番号しか載せていません。元文章は元ブログを当たってください。

英語に詳しいパーソンが精査していただけると幸いです。

1 Most of what I'm about to write is no different from what I've said and done in the past. However, I have been asked the same question repeatedly, so I would like to reiterate it. We have received many inquiries from overseas as well, so we should have prepared the same content in English, but due to time constraints, I'm afraid I'll have to skip it. This article is designed to be read without basic knowledge of infectious diseases and jargon, but it is rather difficult to understand. Please forgive me for that.

感想:「Chromeかなにかでそれぞれ母国語に訳してお読みいただけると幸いです。」がきれいさっぱり消えている。DeepLの自負心だろう。

2 The fact that the number of COVID-19 reports in Japan is very low compared to other countries is attracting attention from home and abroad. Is it true? It has been pointed out that the number of tests is so small that we may be misreading the actual number of infected people.

感想home and abrodeでいいんだろうか?

3 However, this point is wrong at various layers. In the first place, Japan does not aim to capture all the numbers of COVID-19. Whether it's administrative testing or insured care, the state basically has a testing strategy in mind to diagnose, hospitalize, and isolate critically ill patients who need to be hospitalized. It is natural that they "haven't figured it out" and they don't intend to. That's not a bad thing.In fact, the situation is the same in every country, large or small, and no country, whether in the United States, Europe, or Asia, is aiming to "capture the whole number.

感想最後の文はなぜか他の文と一緒に入力すると訳してくれなかった。この文一つだけ入力すると訳してくれた。

よく考えると「多かれ少なかれ」は通じないだろうから直した方がよかった。なぜかDeepLに繋がらなくなったのでもう直せない。

WHOもそんなことは求めていない。もっとも、そのわりに日本帰国者無症状者にPCRをやってみたり、無症状な検査陽性者を入院隔離させてみたり(軽症者は自宅じゃなかったの?)、プリンシプルにおいて首尾一貫していない。だから、「彼らがなにがやりたいか私たちはよくわからない」ので、人々は不安になる。リスコミにおける失敗と言えよう。

The WHO is not asking for such a thing. But instead, Japan gives PCR to asymptomatic returnees and isolates asymptomatic test-positive people in hospital (wasn't it home for people with minor illnesses?). It has not been coherent in its principles. So, people get anxious because "we're not sure what they want to do". It's a failure in the press.

感想:「なにがやりたいかよくわからない」に主語付与する必要があった。リスコミがpressになった。よくわかったな。

「〜は自宅じゃなかったの?)、」の、が.になっているのがよくわからない。なぜかDeepLに繋がらなくなったのでもう直せない。

4 The difference between Korea and Japan is the "result" and not the "purpose". In South Korea, where the number of infected people had surged in one place, we had to focus on inspections in and around the area. If such a phenomenon (let's call it an overshoot) occurs in Japan, the number of inspections will increase. When the situation is different, arguing only on the basis of the number of tests without observing the situation is like trying to say, "That team made 50 sliding tackles while this team made only one," without watching a football game. In games where you don't have to slide (e.g., when you're in possession the whole time), even 0 times isn't a "mistake," and of course 50 times isn't a mistake.

感想特に言うことはない。便利だなあ。

5 全数把握ができていない疾患など山のようにある。日本ではインフルエンザの「全数」把握はしておらず、定点観測である疫学上、感染対策上、それで十分な情報が得られているからだ。日本で毎年風邪が何例発生しているか、正確に把握したデータはない。レセプトデータを見ればわかるじゃないか、というのも間違いで、なぜなら多くの風邪患者は(ぼくのように)受診せずに自然に治るまで待っている。医療に限らず、経済学でも政治学でもデータサンプリングから母数を推定するのがほとんどで、「全数」は非効率的状態把握法なのだ

There are many diseases for which the total number of patients is not known. In Japan, we do not have a "total" number of influenza cases, but only a fixed-point observation. Because that's enough information, both epidemiologically and in terms of infection control. There is no accurate data on how many cases of the common cold occur each year in Japan. It's also a mistake to say that you can tell by looking at the receipt data, because many cold patients (like me) don't see a doctor and wait until they are cured naturally. Not only in medicine, but also in economics and political science, data are mostly based on sampling to estimate population numbers, and "whole numbers" is an inefficient way of grasping the situation.

感想:ちょこちょこ変えてある。日本語文章が多少おかしくなっているのは勘弁してほしい。接続詞を適切に入れると格段に翻訳が正確になる。

6 We have not seen the devastation in Japan as in Italy, Spain or New York City. There is no medical collapse in a critically ill patient, no use of the operating room as an ICU, no piling up of bodies on a skating rink with no place to put them. Even if the "numbers" are not known, it is a fact that the current situation in Japan (including Tokyo) is much better controlled than in other countries.

感想特に言うことはない。便利だなあ。

7 Even so, you may be interested in "Well, what about the actual situation? There are estimates. For example, Dr. Hiroshi Nishiura and his group estimate that the number of mild illnesses in Japan may be twice the reported number. The catch rate is 0.44, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.37-0.50.

感想特に言うことはない。便利だなあ。

8 Although the study was based on data from China, there is no guarantee that the Chinese COVID-19 demographic is the same as the Japanese one. Also, since the original study did not include asymptomatic patients or those with minor illnesses that did not require hospitalization, the number of infected patients estimated on that basis would inevitably be an underestimate. If you are more paranoid, it's not unreasonable to believe that "the Japanese and Chinese viruses are different because of the mutation" (although I don't think so).

感想特に言うことはない。便利だなあ。

9 This does not diminish the value of the paper itself. The model must always use existing parameters, and it is often impossible to prove the external validity of these parameters. If the underlying parameters are not reasonable, the predictions will not be correct. A model assumes a simplified world insofar as it is a model. A model without simplification, which is an adjectival contradiction.

数理モデルのこうした「前提」にイチャモンを付けるのは、例えばAという疾患を対象ランダム比較試験をしたときに、「Bという疾患については説明できないじゃないか」と文句を言うようなもので、業界仁義に反する意味のない揚げ足取りである

To complain about these "assumptions" of the mathematical model is like complaining, for example, "You can't explain disease B," when a randomized controlled trial is conducted for disease A. This is a meaningless tirade against the honor of the industry.

感想;「分からない」を「説明できない」に変えた。多分これでいいと思う。思いたい。

10 しかし、論文読み手にとっては別である

However, it is different for the reader of the paper.

A mathematical model that assumes a certain hypothesis should have internal academic validity, but it is the responsibility of the reader, as a resident of the real world, to appraise it in the real world.

Aという疾患を対象にしたRCTの知見をBという疾患に使ってはならないように、数理モデル制限理解し、現実世界にアプライするときに十分注意するのは当然だ。

Just as the RCT findings for disease A should not be used for disease B, it is natural to understand the limitations of the mathematical model and to be careful when applying it to the real world. For example, it would be wrong to read the paper and conclude that the total number of infected people in Tokyo is about 500 as of March 26.

感想;「読み手は別である」を「読み手にとっては別である」に変更し、「制限限界」は「limitations and limitations」になったので片方削った。

11 People make mistakes. The models are also wrong. Being wrong is not a big deal. The problem is to notice your mistakes and make corrections. Already, a group at Imperial College London has admitted that its original estimate that the peak of the infection should be moderated was "wrong" and has revised its prediction that the ICU will soon fail if it does not fight the virus fairly aggressively.

感想特に言うことはない。便利だなあ。

https://anond.hatelabo.jp/20200327215116その2

2020-03-26

hough European demand for Chinese commodities like tea, silk, and porcelain was high, Chinese interest in European manufactured goods was insignificant, so that Chinese goods could only be bought with precious metals. To reduce the trade imbalance, the British sold large amounts of Indian opium to China. Faced with a drug crisis, Qing officials pursued ever-more-aggressive actions to halt the opium trade.[56]

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/en/community/posts/360007745040--Заступники-5-серия-26-03-2020-смотреть-бесплатно-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/ru/community/posts/360007743759-26-03-2020-Патриот-11-серия-канал-ТНТ-все-серии-сезона-от-26-марта-

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/en/community/posts/360007745000-26-03-2020-Любовь-на-выживание-9-серия-канал-пятница-в-хорошем-качестве-

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/pl/community/posts/360007745159-26-03-2020-Отречение-21-серия-украина-ТРК-онлайн-сериал-смотреть-

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/pl/community/posts/360007744879-26-03-2020-Патриот-12-серия-тнт-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/en/community/posts/360007744559-26-03-2020-Доктор-Вера-15-серия-качество-HD-от-26-марта

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/ru/community/posts/360007744059-26-03-2020-Последний-герой-Зрители-против-звезд-2-сезон-8-серия-смотреть-бесплатно-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/pl/community/posts/360007743779-26-03-2020-Отречение-21-серия-украина-ТРК-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта

https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/pl/community/posts/360007744860-26-03-2020-Жизнь-после-жизни-10-серия-онлайн-сериал-смотреть-

2020-03-25

two episodes together but only credited one each episode, which was determined after a coin toss.[12][62] Technical aspects Alik Sakharov was the pilot's cinematographer. The series has had a number of cinematographers,[124] and has received seven Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography for a Single-Camera Series n

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041965094-26-03-2020-Доктор-Вера-13-серия-качество-HD-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tam/community/posts/360041952634-26-03-2020-Доктор-Вера-17-серия-качество-HD-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tam/community/posts/360042144553-26-03-2020-Проспект-обороны-15-серия-нтв-смотреть-бесплатно-в-хорошем-качестве-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042131413--Ничто-не-случается-дважды-2-сезон-17-серия-26-03-2020-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042153653--Заступники-4-серия-26-03-2020-последние-серии-смотреть-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tut/community/posts/360041953134-26-03-2020-Отражение-радуги-11-серия-последние-серии-смотреть-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tut/community/posts/360041947674--Отречение-21-серия-украина-ТРК-26-03-2020-все-серии-сезона-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042132633--Жизнь-после-жизни-9-серия-26-03-2020-смотреть-качество-HD-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tut/community/posts/360041972154--Проспект-обороны-15-серия-нтв-26-03-2020-качество-HD-

odes, both with large battle scenes: "Blackwater" and "The Watchers on the Wall". Other directors have been Jack Bender, David Petrarca, Daniel Sackheim, Michael Slovis and Matt Shakman.[123] David Benioff and D. B. Weiss have directed two episodes together but only credited one each episode, which was determined after a coin toss.[12][62]

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042153493--Жизнь-после-жизни-9-серия-26-03-2020-качество-HD-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tut/community/posts/360041971374-26-03-2020-Отражение-радуги-11-серия-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tut/community/posts/360041963414-26-03-2020-Доктор-Вера-15-серия-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tam/community/posts/360042154113-26-03-2020-Доктор-Вера-13-серия-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042154213-26-03-2020-Заступники-4-серия-последние-серии-смотреть-от-26-марта

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tut/community/posts/360041953614--В-шаге-от-рая-17-серия-Россия-1-26-03-2020-качество-HD-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tut/community/posts/360042131073-26-03-2020-Ничто-не-случается-дважды-2-сезон-15-серия-все-серии-сезона-от-26-марта

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tam/community/posts/360042145393--Холостяк-10-сезон-4-серия-на-канале-СТБ-26-03-2020-онлайн-сериал-смотреть-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041949154--Доктор-Вера-15-серия-26-03-2020-качество-HD-от-26-марта-

five seasons, is the only other writer in the writers' room with Benioff and Weiss. Before his promotion, Vanessa Taylor (a writer during the second and third seasons) worked closely with Benioff and Weiss. Dave Hill joined the writing staff for the fifth season after worki

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360042122933--Отражение-радуги-11-серия-26-03-2020-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/ltv/community/posts/360041943214-26-03-2020-Место-под-солнцем-29-серия-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041947874-26-03-2020-Отречение-21-серия-украина-ТРК-хорошее-качество-смотреть-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/yjb/community/posts/360042126893--В-шаге-от-рая-15-серия-Россия-1-26-03-2020-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/yjb/community/posts/360042123173-26-03-2020-Отражение-радуги-13-серия-смотреть-в-хорошем-качестве-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/ltv/community/posts/360041943054--Место-под-солнцем-28-серия-26-03-2020-онлайн-сериал-смотреть-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/yjb/community/posts/360042128133-26-03-2020-Отречение-23-серия-украина-хорошее-качество-смотреть-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/yjb/community/posts/360041949734-26-03-2020-Ничто-не-случается-дважды-2-сезон-13-серия-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tvv/community/posts/360042122733-26-03-2020-Место-под-солнцем-29-серия-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта

writer.[61] Bryan Cogman, initially a script coordinator for the series,[61] was promoted to producer for the fifth season. Cogman, who wrote at least one episode for the first five seasons, is the only other writer in the writers' room with B

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/ltv/community/posts/360042129853-26-03-2020-Доктор-Вера-17-серия-качество-HD-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tvv/community/posts/360042122293-26-03-2020-Место-под-солнцем-27-серия-смотреть-бесплатно-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041947754--Отречение-21-серия-украина-ТРК-26-03-2020-онлайн-сериал-смотреть-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041942794-26-03-2020-Место-под-солнцем-27-серия-последние-серии-смотреть-от-26-марта

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/ltv/community/posts/360041943414-26-03-2020-Место-под-солнцем-29-серия-смотреть-бесплатно-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tvv/community/posts/360041943614-26-03-2020-Отражение-радуги-11-серия-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/ltv/community/posts/360042122853--Место-под-солнцем-29-серия-26-03-2020-все-серии-сезона-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/yjb/community/posts/360042126273--В-шаге-от-рая-13-серия-Россия-1-26-03-2020-последние-серии-смотреть-от-26-марта-

https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/ltv/community/posts/360042121993--Жизнь-после-жизни-11-серия-26-03-2020-в-хорошем-качестве-

2020-03-23

anond:20191220073648

I am currently working at a factory in a department where I work day shift and night shift. My workplace is in the countryside, where the nearest station is a station where only regular trains stop, and I live in a cheap apartment near a station where only regular trains stop. If I work the night shift, I have to wait for the train for 30 minutes no matter when it ends.

I once hated these 30 minutes.

Factory work is boring. It just repeats the same process. The only way I can cope with boredom is to think while working, or to take advantage of the noisy environment and sing at a decent volume. I didn't want to spend 30 minutes of idle time after such boredom was over, I wanted to go home early, eat, drink and go to bed, and I had no other feelings.

About this time last year, I started writing down things I'd been thinking about in my workday when I was bored, as a 30-minute reprieve from boredom. I am not a smart man, as many factory workers probably are. The longest I've ever written is perhaps a two-page, one-line book report.I struggled to come up with the best way to express myself while I was on shift, and I wrote it down while smoking a cigarette in the smoking area near the station. I can write about 1,000 or 2,000 words, more than three times the length of two pages and one line, without any difficulty.

Thus, I started to use these 30 minutes only for writing. Since then, I've spent my days finding something to write about for those 30 minutes, figuring out how to write it during my shift, and actually writing it while waiting the train.

I got a glimpse of the joy of writing freely, writing words that no one else will ever know.

And now, for the first time, I'm writing with the intention of getting others to read it.

On the first day of December, it was decided that I would be reassigned to a department that did not have a night shift, starting in April. It's a full-time day job that I've been waiting for for the last year, but after April I might be away from writing. When I thought about this, I felt the urge to have someone else read my writing.

I started this writing on December 2, 9 night shifts = 4.5 hours, so far about 800 words. Oddly enough, it's close to two pages and one line. The moment I want someone to read my writing, I find it very difficult to write. However, I'm proud to say that this text makes a lot more sense than the two pages and one line I once wrote, and above all, I was never bored while writing it.

I wonder if I will still be writing since April. We won't know that until the time is right. However, I will say this.

I now love to wait 30 minutes for the train after my night shift.

anond:20191220073648

I am currently working at a factory in a department where I work day shift and night shift. My workplace is in the countryside, where the nearest station is a station where only regular trains stop, and I live in a cheap apartment near a station where only regular trains stop. If I work the night shift, I have to wait for the train for 30 minutes no matter when it ends.

I once hated these 30 minutes.

Factory work is boring. It just repeats the same process. The only way I can cope with boredom is to think while working, or to take advantage of the noisy environment and sing at a decent volume. I didn't want to spend 30 minutes of idle time after such boredom was over, I wanted to go home early, eat, drink and go to bed, and I had no other feelings.

About this time last year, I started writing down things I'd been thinking about in my workday when I was bored, as a 30-minute reprieve from boredom. I am not a smart man, as many factory workers probably are. The longest I've ever written is perhaps a two-page, one-line book report.I struggled to come up with the best way to express myself while I was on shift, and I wrote it down while smoking a cigarette in the smoking area near the station. I can write about 1,000 or 2,000 words, more than three times the length of two pages and one line, without any difficulty.

Thus, I started to use these 30 minutes only for writing. Since then, I've spent my days finding something to write about for those 30 minutes, figuring out how to write it during my shift, and actually writing it while waiting the train.

I got a glimpse of the joy of writing freely, writing words that no one else will ever know.

And now, for the first time, I'm writing with the intention of getting others to read it.

On the first day of December, it was decided that I would be reassigned to a department that did not have a night shift, starting in April. It's a full-time day job that I've been waiting for for the last year, but after April I might be away from writing. When I thought about this, I felt the urge to have someone else read my writing.

I started this writing on December 2, 9 night shifts = 4.5 hours, so far about 800 words. Oddly enough, it's close to two pages and one line. The moment I want someone to read my writing, I find it very difficult to write. However, I'm proud to say that this text makes a lot more sense than the two pages and one line I once wrote, and above all, I was never bored while writing it.

I wonder if I will still be writing since April. We won't know that until the time is right. However, I will say this.

I now love to wait 30 minutes for the train after my night shift.

2020-03-22

Privacy Policy - リポスト for インスタ

## Accepting the Terms and Privacy Policy

These Terms of Service ("Terms") are a legal agreement between we and you ("you"). By installing or using any application ("Service") you agree to be bound by these Terms. By accessing or using the Service, you agree that you have read, understood, and accept to be bound by the Terms. We reserve the right, in its sole discretion, to modify or revise these Terms at any time, and you agree to be bound by such modifications or revisions. If you do not agree to the Terms, do not use the Service.

Users are responsible for periodically viewing the Terms. Your continued use of the Service after a change or update has been made will constitute your acceptance to the revised Terms. If you do not agree to the Terms your only remedy is to discontinue your use of the Service and cancel any accounts you have made using the Service.

We reserve the right to refuse any user access to the Services without notice for any reason, including, but not limited to, a violation of the Terms.

You represent that you are 13 years old or older. If you are between the ages of 13 and 18, you represent that your legal guardian has reviewed and agrees to the Terms.

## Intellectual Property/Ownership

All materials that are part of the Service (including, but not limited to, designs, text, graphics, pictures, video, information, applications, software, music, sound and other files, and their selection and arrangement) are protected by law from unauthorized use.

We grant you a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable, limited scope license to use the Service solely for the purpose of viewing and using the applicable Services and for no other purpose whatsoever. Your license to use the Services is limited by these Terms.

User Content

You agree that you are willingly publishing the content on the Service using technology and tools provided by us. You understand and agree that you may not distribute, sell, transfer or license this content and/or application in any manner, in any country, or on any social network or another medium without the explicit written permission of us. We reserve the right to remove and permanently delete any User Content from the Service with or without notice.

Rules of Conduct/Usage

You agree that all your communications with the Communication Channels are public, and thus you have no expectation of privacy regarding your use of the Communication Channels. We is not responsible for information that you choose to share on the Communication Channels, or for the actions of other users.

Privacy and Protection of Personal Information

By using the Service, you agree to the collection and use of your personal information as outlined in this Privacy Policy. We may amend the Privacy Policy from time to time, and we encourage you to consult the Privacy Policy regularly for changes.

Cookies

A cookie is a small data file that we transfer to your computer’s hard disk, generally to quickly identify a user's computer and to "remember" things about the user's visit, such as your preferences or a user name and password. The Service sends cookies to your computer when you access or view the content of us. The information contained in a cookie may be linked to your personal information for purposes such as improving the quality of our service, tailoring recommendations to your interests, and making the Service easier to use. You can disable cookies at any time, although you may not be able to access or use features of the Service.

Third-Party Advertising Companies

We may use third-party advertising companies to serve ads on the Service. We do not provide any personal information to third-party advertising companies on a non-aggregate basis. Our system and the third-party advertising technology may use aggregate information, non-personal information, Our cookies on your hard drive and your use of the Service to target advertisements. In addition, advertisers may use other third-party advertising technology to target advertising on other sites. If advertisements are served to you, a unique third-party cookie or cookies may be placed on your computer. Similarly, third-party advertising companies may provide us with pixel tags (also called “clear gifs” or “beacons”) to help manage and optimize online advertising. Beacons enable us to recognize a browser’s cookie when a browser visits the site on which is a beacon is located, and to learn which banner ads bring users to a given site.

Changing or Deleting Your Information

You may review, update, correct or delete any personal information by changing the applicable information in your profile page on Facebook and/or another social network (s). If you completely delete all this information, your account may become deactivated. If you would like us to delete your record in our system, please contact us and we will attempt to accommodate your request if we are not legally obligated to retain the record.

Security

We have put in place reasonable technical and organizational measures designed to secure your personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorized access, use, alteration or disclosure. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third parties will never be able to overcome those measures or use your personal information for improper purposes. Also please note that email and messaging systems are not considered secure, so we discourage you from sending us personal information through these mediums.

Policy Regarding Children

The Service is not geared toward children under the age of 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children under the age of 13. If we learn that a child under 13 has provided us with personal information we will delete such information from our files as quickly as possible.

Disclaimer of Warranty; Limitation of Liability

You agree that your use of the Service shall be at your sole risk. To the fullest extent permitted by law, We, its officers, directors, employees, and agents disclaim all warranties, express or implies, in connection with the website and your use thereof including implied warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement, accuracy, authority, completeness, usefulness, and timeliness. We make no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of the content of the Service and of the content of any sites linked to the Service; We assume no liability or responsibility for any (i) errors, mistakes, or inaccuracies of content, (ii) personal injury or property damage, of any nature whatsoever, resulting from your access to and use of the Service, (iii) any unauthorized access to or use of our secure servers and/or any and all personal information and/or financial information stored therein, (iv) any interruption or cessation of transmission to or from the Service, (v) any bugs, viruses, trojan horses, or the like which may be transmitted to or through the Service by any third party, and/or (vi) any errors or omissions in any content or for any loss or damage of any kind incurred as a result of the use of any content posted, emailed, transmitted, or otherwise made available via the Service.

In no event will We, its directors, officers, agents, contractors, partners and employees, be liable to you or any third person for any special, direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequential damages whatsoever including any lost profits or lost data arising from your use of the Service or other materials on, accessed through or downloaded from the Service, whether based on warranty, contract, tort, or any other legal theory, and whether or not We have been advised of the possibility of these damages. The foregoing limitation of liability shall apply to the fullest extent permitted by law in the applicable jurisdiction. You specifically acknowledge that We shall not be liable for user submissions or the defamatory, offensive, or illegal conduct of any third party and that the risk of harm or damage from the foregoing rests entirely with you.

You agree to indemnify and hold We, and each of its directors, officers, agents, contractors, partners, and employees, harmless from and against any loss, liability, claim, demand, damages, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney's fees, arising out of or in connection with (i) your use of and access to the Service; (ii) your violation of any term of these Terms of Service; (iii) your violation of any third party right, including without limitation any copyright, property, or privacy right; (iv) any claim that one of your User Submissions caused damage to a third party; or (v) any Content you post or share on or through the Service.

General

By visiting or using the Service, you agree that the laws of UK, without regard to principles of conflict of laws and regardless of your location, will govern these Terms of Service and any dispute of any sort that might arise between you and us.

Contacting Us

If you have any questions about these Terms of Service, please contact us at reposting23334.contact@gmail.com

Privacy Policy - リポスト for インスタ

## Accepting the Terms & Privacy Policy

These Terms of Service ("Terms") are a legal agreement between we and you ("you"). By installing or using any application ("Service") you agree to be bound by these Terms. By accessing or using the Service, you agree that you have read, understood, and accept to be bound by the Terms. We reserve the right, in its sole discretion, to modify or revise these Terms at any time, and you agree to be bound by such modifications or revisions. If you do not agree to the Terms, do not use the Service.

Users are responsible for periodically viewing the Terms. Your continued use of the Service after a change or update has been made will constitute your acceptance to the revised Terms. If you do not agree to the Terms your only remedy is to discontinue your use of the Service and cancel any accounts you have made using the Service.

We reserve the right to refuse any user access to the Services without notice for any reason, including, but not limited to, a violation of the Terms.

You represent that you are 13 years old or older. If you are between the ages of 13 and 18, you represent that your legal guardian has reviewed and agrees to the Terms.

## Intellectual Property/Ownership

All materials that are part of the Service (including, but not limited to, designs, text, graphics, pictures, video, information, applications, software, music, sound and other files, and their selection and arrangement) are protected by law from unauthorized use.

We grant you a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable, limited scope license to use the Service solely for the purpose of viewing and using the applicable Services and for no other purpose whatsoever. Your license to use the Services is limited by these Terms.

User Content

You agree that you are willingly publishing the content on the Service using technology and tools provided by us. You understand and agree that you may not distribute, sell, transfer or license this content and/or application in any manner, in any country, or on any social network or another medium without the explicit written permission of us. We reserve the right to remove and permanently delete any User Content from the Service with or without notice.

Rules of Conduct/Usage

You agree that all your communications with the Communication Channels are public, and thus you have no expectation of privacy regarding your use of the Communication Channels. We is not responsible for information that you choose to share on the Communication Channels, or for the actions of other users.

Privacy and Protection of Personal Information

By using the Service, you agree to the collection and use of your personal information as outlined in this Privacy Policy. We may amend the Privacy Policy from time to time, and we encourage you to consult the Privacy Policy regularly for changes.

Cookies

A cookie is a small data file that we transfer to your computer’s hard disk, generally to quickly identify a user's computer and to "remember" things about the user's visit, such as your preferences or a user name and password. The Service sends cookies to your computer when you access or view the content of us. The information contained in a cookie may be linked to your personal information for purposes such as improving the quality of our service, tailoring recommendations to your interests, and making the Service easier to use. You can disable cookies at any time, although you may not be able to access or use features of the Service.

Third-Party Advertising Companies

We may use third-party advertising companies to serve ads on the Service. We do not provide any personal information to third-party advertising companies on a non-aggregate basis. Our system and the third-party advertising technology may use aggregate information, non-personal information, Our cookies on your hard drive and your use of the Service to target advertisements. In addition, advertisers may use other third-party advertising technology to target advertising on other sites. If advertisements are served to you, a unique third-party cookie or cookies may be placed on your computer. Similarly, third-party advertising companies may provide us with pixel tags (also called “clear gifs” or “beacons”) to help manage and optimize online advertising. Beacons enable us to recognize a browser’s cookie when a browser visits the site on which is a beacon is located, and to learn which banner ads bring users to a given site.

Changing or Deleting Your Information

You may review, update, correct or delete any personal information by changing the applicable information in your profile page on Facebook and/or another social network (s). If you completely delete all this information, your account may become deactivated. If you would like us to delete your record in our system, please contact us and we will attempt to accommodate your request if we are not legally obligated to retain the record.

Security

We have put in place reasonable technical and organizational measures designed to secure your personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorized access, use, alteration or disclosure. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third parties will never be able to overcome those measures or use your personal information for improper purposes. Also please note that email and messaging systems are not considered secure, so we discourage you from sending us personal information through these mediums.

Policy Regarding Children

The Service is not geared toward children under the age of 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children under the age of 13. If we learn that a child under 13 has provided us with personal information we will delete such information from our files as quickly as possible.

Disclaimer of Warranty; Limitation of Liability

You agree that your use of the Service shall be at your sole risk. To the fullest extent permitted by law, We, its officers, directors, employees, and agents disclaim all warranties, express or implies, in connection with the website and your use thereof including implied warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement, accuracy, authority, completeness, usefulness, and timeliness. We make no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of the content of the Service and of the content of any sites linked to the Service; We assume no liability or responsibility for any (i) errors, mistakes, or inaccuracies of content, (ii) personal injury or property damage, of any nature whatsoever, resulting from your access to and use of the Service, (iii) any unauthorized access to or use of our secure servers and/or any and all personal information and/or financial information stored therein, (iv) any interruption or cessation of transmission to or from the Service, (v) any bugs, viruses, trojan horses, or the like which may be transmitted to or through the Service by any third party, and/or (vi) any errors or omissions in any content or for any loss or damage of any kind incurred as a result of the use of any content posted, emailed, transmitted, or otherwise made available via the Service.

In no event will We, its directors, officers, agents, contractors, partners and employees, be liable to you or any third person for any special, direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequential damages whatsoever including any lost profits or lost data arising from your use of the Service or other materials on, accessed through or downloaded from the Service, whether based on warranty, contract, tort, or any other legal theory, and whether or not We have been advised of the possibility of these damages. The foregoing limitation of liability shall apply to the fullest extent permitted by law in the applicable jurisdiction. You specifically acknowledge that We shall not be liable for user submissions or the defamatory, offensive, or illegal conduct of any third party and that the risk of harm or damage from the foregoing rests entirely with you.

You agree to indemnify and hold We, and each of its directors, officers, agents, contractors, partners, and employees, harmless from and against any loss, liability, claim, demand, damages, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney's fees, arising out of or in connection with (i) your use of and access to the Service; (ii) your violation of any term of these Terms of Service; (iii) your violation of any third party right, including without limitation any copyright, property, or privacy right; (iv) any claim that one of your User Submissions caused damage to a third party; or (v) any Content you post or share on or through the Service.

General

By visiting or using the Service, you agree that the laws of UK, without regard to principles of conflict of laws and regardless of your location, will govern these Terms of Service and any dispute of any sort that might arise between you and us.

Contacting Us

If you have any questions about these Terms of Service, please contact us at reposting23334.contact@gmail.com

2020-03-19

バズフィード和訳誤訳ではないのでは?

【誤訳によるミスリード?・またかよ案件】『BuzzFeed Japan「検査をもっとやれ」という日本へのメッセージではない。WHOの声明を伝える報道で不正確な情報が拡散』という不正確な記事 #新型コロナウイルス (2020.3.19作成)

を読んだ。しかし、ありーちぇ氏(@ALC_V)の英文法解釈には疑問を感じる。

ありーちぇ氏は次のように述べる。

WHO recommends testing contacts of confirmed cases only if they show symptoms of COVID-19を普通に翻訳すると「WHO感染確定例との接触者について、COVID-19の兆候を示している場合には、検査を推奨する」

only ifの副詞句はtesting contactsにかかっているでしょう。

和訳自体問題ないとは思うが、英文法解釈は誤っていると思われる。

まずonly ifは副詞節であり、副詞句ではない。

桜の英語教室

〈名詞句〉や〈副詞節〉とは?

異なるのは、〈句〉はその内部に〈S+V〉(主語+述語動詞)を持たないのに対し、〈節〉はその内部に〈S+V〉を持つという点です

そして一般的には副詞節は、主節の動詞または主節全体を修飾する働きを持つ。

【接続詞】副詞節とは?

このように動詞説明〔修飾〕したり,文全体を修飾したりするものを「副詞」といいますが,When…childは語がいくつか集まってできた「副詞のカタマリ」と言えます。このカタマリの中に<主語動詞>を含む「節」が含まれているので「副詞節」と言います。つまり,この従属節副詞の働きをする副詞節というわけです。

従って、

WHO recommends testing contacts of confirmed cases only if they show symptoms of COVID-19

only if 副詞節は主節のrecommendsを修飾していると解釈すべきであろう(主節全体を修飾しているとも考えられるが、この文章場合はどちらと解釈しても意味ほとんど変わらないだろう)。

以上を踏まえて、件のバズフィードの和訳は考える。

WHO感染確認された人の接触者で、COVID-19の症状を示している場合においてのみ、検査を推奨しています

only if 副詞節はrecommendsを修飾しているので、

"COVID-19の症状を示している場合においてのみ"ー>"...を推奨しています"

という修飾関係和訳でも正しく反映されており、バズフィード和訳問題ないと思われる。

2020-03-17

テド爺のあいさつ

https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---16-march-2020

COVID-19-2020年3月16日に関するメディアブリーフィングでのWHO事務局長の開会挨拶

2020年3月16日

みなさんこんにちは

過去1週間で、COVID-19のケースが急速にエスカレートしました。

現在中国よりも他の地域で多くの症例と死亡が報告されています

また、学校を閉鎖したり、スポーツイベントやその他の集会キャンセルしたりするなど、社会的距離の測定が急速に拡大していることも確認しています

しかし、テスト隔離、および連絡先の追跡における緊急の十分なエスカレーション確認されていません。これは、応答のバックボーンです。

社会的距離測定は、伝播を減らし、医療システム対処できるようにするのに役立ちます

ひじに手を洗って咳をすることで、あなた自身や他の人のリスクを減らすことができます

しかし、彼らだけでは、このパンデミックを消すのに十分ではありません。違いを生むのは組み合わせです。

私が言い続けているように、すべての国は包括的アプローチをとらなければなりません。

しかし、感染を防ぎ、命を救う最も効果的な方法は、感染連鎖を断ち切ることです。そして、それを行うには、テストして分離する必要があります

目隠しされた火と戦うことはできません。そして、誰が感染しているかからなければ、このパンデミックを止めることはできません。

テストテストテスト:すべての国に簡単メッセージがあります

疑わしいすべてのケースをテストします。

検査結果が陽性の場合、それらを隔離し、症状が発現する2日前までに密接に接触していた人を見つけ、それらの人も検査します。[注:WHOは、COVID-19の症状を示す場合にのみ、確認されたケースの連絡先をテストすることを推奨しています]

毎日世界的な需要を満たすために、より多くのテスト作成されています

WHOは120か国にほぼ150万のテストを出荷しています私たち企業と協力して、最も困っている人のためにテストの可用性を高めています

WHOは、感染を予防し、適切なケア提供するために、確認されたすべての症例は、軽度の症例であっても、医療施設隔離されるべきだと助言しています

しかし、多くの国がすでに専用の医療施設で軽度の症例ケアする能力を超えていることを認識しています

そのような状況では、国々は高齢患者と基礎疾患のある患者を優先すべきです。

いくつかの国では、スタジアムジム使用して軽度の症例ケアし、重症で重大な症例病院ケアすることで能力を拡大しています

別の選択肢は、軽度の病気患者を自宅で隔離して世話をすることです。

感染した人を自宅でケアすることは、他の人を同じ家庭に危険さら可能性があります。そのため、できる限り安全ケア提供する方法について、介護者がWHOガイダンスに従うことが重要です。

たとえば、患者介護者の両方が同じ部屋にいるときは、医療マスクを着用する必要があります

患者は、他の人とは別の寝室で寝て、別の浴室を使用する必要があります

一人の患者理想的には健康で基礎疾患のない人をケア​​する人を割り当てます

介護者は、患者またはその身近な環境に触れた後、手を洗う必要があります

COVID-19に感染した人は、気分が悪くなった後でも他の人に感染する可能性があるため、これらの対策は症状が消えてから少なくとも2週間は継続する必要があります

訪問者は、この期間の終わりまで許可されません。

WHOガイダンスには詳細があります

===

繰り返しますが、重要メッセージは、テストテストテストです。

これは深刻な病気です。私たちが持っている証拠は、60歳以上の人が最も危険さらされていることを示唆していますが、子供を含む若者は死にました。

WHOは、子供高齢者、妊婦ケア方法に関する具体的な詳細を含む新しい臨床ガイダンスを発行しました。

これまでのところ、先進的な医療システムを備えた国で流行が見られました。しかし、彼らも対処するのに苦労しています

ウイルス低所得国に移動するにつれて、HIV感染率の高い人口栄養失調の子供たちにウイルスが与える影響について深く懸念しています

からこそ、私たちはすべての国とすべての人に、感染を止めるためにできる限りのことをするよう呼びかけています

手を洗うことは、感染リスクを減らすのに役立ちますしかし、それは連帯行為でもあります。なぜなら、あなたコミュニティ世界中の人々に感染するリスクを減らすからです。自分のために、他の人のために。

また、医薬品などの不可欠なアイテムを買いだめすることを控えることにより、連帯表現するよう人々に求めます

買いだめは薬や他の必須製品の不足を引き起こし苦痛悪化させる可能性があります

COVID-19連帯対応基金に貢献したすべての人に感謝します。

金曜日ローンチして以来、110,000人を超える人々が約1,900万米ドル寄付しました。

これらの資金は、診断テスト医療従事者向けの消耗品の購入、研究開発の支援に役立ちます

貢献したい場合は、who.intにアクセスして、ページ上部のオレンジ色の「寄付ボタンクリックしてください。

また、社会のさまざまな部門が集まっていることにも感謝しています

これはSafeHands Challengeからまりました。このチャレンジは、有名人世界リーダー、そしてあらゆる場所で手を洗う方法を示す人々を魅了しました。

今日の午後、WHOと国際商工会議所は、グローバルなビジネスコミュニティに共同で行動を呼びかけました。ICCは、従業員顧客地域社会保護し、不可欠な物資生産流通サポートするために、4500万を超える企業ネットワークに定期的なアドバイス送信します。

ポールルマンアジャイバンガ、ジョンデントンのサポートコラボレーション感謝します。

また、WHOはGlobal Citizenと協力して、世界中の主要なミュージシャンとの一連のバーチャルコンサートであるSolidarity Sessionsを立ち上げています

===

これは私たち時代の決定的な世界的な健康危機です。

今後数日、数週間、数か月は、私たちの決意のテスト科学への信頼のテスト、そして連帯テストになります

このような危機は、人類に最高と最悪をもたらす傾向があります

私と同じように、バルコニーから医療従事者を称賛する人々のビデオや、地域高齢者のために食料品の買い物をすることを申し出ている人々の物語に感動したと確信しています

人間連帯というこの驚くべき精神は、ウイルス自体よりもさら感染力を高めなければなりません。しばらくは物理的に離れていなければならないかもしれませんが、これまでにない方法で一緒に集まることができます

私たちは皆一緒にいます。そして、私たちは一緒にしか成功できません。

したがって、ゲームルールは次のとおりです。

ありがとうございました。

WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 16 March 2020

16 March 2020

Good afternoon everyone.

In the past week, we have seen a rapid escalation of cases of COVID-19.

More cases and deaths have now been reported in the rest of the world than in China.

We have also seen a rapid escalation in social distancing measures, like closing schools and cancelling sporting events and other gatherings.

But we have not seen an urgent enough escalation in testing, isolation and contact tracing – which is the backbone of the response.

Social distancing measures can help to reduce transmission and enable health systems to cope.

Handwashing and coughing into your elbow can reduce the risk for yourself and others.

But on their own, they are not enough to extinguish this pandemic. It’s the combination that makes the difference.

As I keep saying, all countries must take a comprehensive approach.

But the most effective way to prevent infections and save lives is breaking the chains of transmission. And to do that, you must test and isolate.

You cannot fight a fire blindfolded. And we cannot stop this pandemic if we don’t know who is infected.

We have a simple message for all countries: test, test, test.

Test every suspected case.

If they test positive, isolate them and find out who they have been in close contact with up to 2 days before they developed symptoms, and test those people too. [NOTE: WHO recommends testing contacts of confirmed cases only if they show symptoms of COVID-19]

Every day, more tests are being produced to meet the global demand.

WHO has shipped almost 1.5 million tests to 120 countries. We’re working with companies to increase the availability of tests for those most in need.

WHO advises that all confirmed cases, even mild cases, should be isolated in health facilities, to prevent transmission and provide adequate care.

But we recognize that many countries have already exceeded their capacity to care for mild cases in dedicated health facilities.

In that situation, countries should prioritize older patients and those with underlying conditions.

Some countries have expanded their capacity by using stadiums and gyms to care for mild cases, with severe and critical cases cared for in hospitals.

Another option is for patients with mild disease to be isolated and cared for at home.

Caring for infected people at home may put others in the same household at risk, so it’s critical that care-givers follow WHO’s guidance on how to provide care as safely as possible.

For example, both the patient and their care-giver should wear a medical mask when they are together in the same room.

The patient should sleep in a separate bedroom to others and use a different bathroom.

Assign one person to care for the patient, ideally someone who is in good health and has no underlying conditions.

The care-giver should wash their hands after any contact with the patient or their immediate environment.

People infected with COVID-19 can still infect others after they stop feeling sick, so these measures should continue for at least two weeks after symptoms disappear.

Visitors should not be allowed until the end of this period.

There are more details in WHO’s guidance.

===

Once again, our key message is: test, test, test.

This is a serious disease. Although the evidence we have suggests that those over 60 are at highest risk, young people, including children, have died.

WHO has issued new clinical guidance, with specific details on how to care for children, older people and pregnant women.

So far, we have seen epidemics in countries with advanced health systems. But even they have struggled to cope.

As the virus moves to low-income countries, we're deeply concerned about the impact it could have among populations with high HIV prevalence, or among malnourished children.

That’s why we’re calling on every country and every individual to do everything they can to stop transmission.

Washing your hands will help to reduce your risk of infection. But it’s also an act of solidarity because it reduces the risk you will infect others in your community and around the world. Do it for yourself, do it for others.

We also ask people to express their solidarity by refraining from hoarding essential items, including medicines.

Hoarding can create shortages of medicines and other essential products, which can exacerbate suffering.

We’re grateful to everyone who has contributed to the COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund.

Since we launched it on Friday, more than 110,000 people have contributed almost 19 million U.S. dollars.

These funds will help to buy diagnostic tests, supplies for health workers and support research and development.

If you would like to contribute, please go to who.int and click on the orangeDonate” button at the top of the page.

We’re also grateful for the way different sectors of society are coming together.

This started with the SafeHands Challenge, which has attracted celebrities, world leaders and people everywhere demonstrating how to wash their hands.

This afternoon WHO and the International Chamber of Commerce issued a joint call to action to the global business community. The ICC will send regular advice to its network of more than 45 million businesses, to protect their workers, customers and local communities, and to support the production and distribution of essential supplies.

I’d like to thank Paul Polman, Ajay Banga and John Denton for their support and collaboration.

WHO is also working with Global Citizen to launch the Solidarity Sessions, a series of virtual concerts with leading musicians from around the world.

===

This is the defining global health crisis of our time.

The days, weeks and months ahead will be a test of our resolve, a test of our trust in science, and a test of solidarity.

Crises like this tend to bring out the best and worst in humanity.

Like me, I’m sure you have been touched by the videos of people applauding health workers from their balconies, or the stories of people offering to do grocery shopping for older people in their community.

This amazing spirit of human solidarity must become even more infectious than the virus itself. Although we may have to be physically apart from each other for a while, we can come together in ways we never have before.

We’re all in this together. And we can only succeed together.

So the rule of the game is: together.

Thank you.

anond:20200317134214

We have a simple message for all countries: test, test, test.

Test every suspected case.

If they test positive, isolate them and find out who they have been in close contact with up to 2 days before they developed symptoms, and test those people too. [NOTE: WHO recommends testing contacts of confirmed cases only if they show symptoms of COVID-19]

疑わしい場合はとにかく検査だ、としか言ってないな。

増田引用した部分は、「検査陽性だったら症状が出る二日前までに接触したすべての人を探して検査しろ(ただし、症状がない場合はその限りではない)」ってこと。

英語強い増田来て


該当箇所は

[NOTE: WHO recommends testing contacts of confirmed cases only if they show symptoms of COVID-19]

これって、確定診断された患者接触者については、症状がある場合のみ検査を推奨する、だよね?

上のツイート意味違うよね?

上のツイートだと、症状はあるけど接触なしは検査しないことになる

WHOは、症状があれば接触確認の有無に関わらず検査すべきと言ってると思うんだけど

2020-03-09

ラブライブの例のトレス作品は見事なものであったという話

ハローアニオタ諸君

久々にみんな大好き・トレパクネタを書く。

今回見かけたのはラブライブ!というアニメコンテンツにおける二次創作界隈のトレパク問題だ(厳密には問題になんて発展していないのだが)。

ラブライブ!が何なのかはヒッキーキモオタ諸君には特に説明は要らないと思うので省略する。

事の発端はミーマン氏という同人作家ネットに公開していたラブライブファンアートが、公式サイドが企画する動画配信において採用され見事な評価を獲得したものの、

それが公式ビジュアルトレースではないかという疑義を向けられた事にある。

疑義は正しく、実際にそれは公式ビジュアルからトレースであることは疑いの無いところでありさらにミーマン氏も後にこれを認めている。)

そこからはいものトレパク監査委員会の登場になる。いつものようにミーマン氏の過去作品サルベージして類似性調査したところ、結構な枚数で公式ビジュアルからトレース確認された。

また、ラブライブonly即売会(僕らのラブライブ!)においても有償頒布していた色紙にもそうした作品が少なからず含まれていたようだ。

トレパク監査委員会著作権者に代わって刑の執行を行う権限も持っているので、そこからはいものようにミーマン氏への糾弾が始まったのだと俺は理解している。

無論批判の声はトレパク監査委員会にとどまらず、同じラブライブ二次創作同人誌イラストを公開する同業者においても辛らつな持論(後述)が複数観測された。

しかし俺はそのミーマン氏の、動画配信採用されたという作品を見て愕然とした。

なんともオリジナリティに富んだ二次創作ではないか。色彩的にはサイケデリックとでも言うのか、派手ではあるものDQNが喜びそうな原色ゴテゴテの下品さも感じない上に線の力強さも見事なもんである

公式ビジュアルトレースであることは疑いようは無いのだが、これでは確かに番組サイドが採用してしまうのも頷ける。

あれは明らかに音楽で言うところのリミックスヒップホップのような、既存音源再利用したものに相当する立派な創作物であった。芸術の分野で言うところのコラージュという手法にも通じるものがある。

とはいえここまで書けば「どんなに素晴らしくてもトレスをした時点でアート失格」「トレスならトレスと書くべきだ」「金を取ったらアウトだろ」という声も当然予想できる。

しかし、俺は今回に関して言えばミーマン氏が数あるラブライブ二次創作作家の中で低劣なことをしていたとはとても思えないのだ。

もともとネットイナゴが好物にしているトレパク疑惑というのは大抵は他人作品の異なるキャラクターの象形をなぞった形が多いのだが、今回は公式ビジュアルキャラクターをそのまま再利用した形のトレスだ。

虹ヶ咲学園の逢坂しずくというキャラクター公式イラストを、同じく虹ヶ咲学園の逢坂しずくとして、服飾のデザインも変えずに描き上げておりそれは他のキャラクターにおいても同様であった。

公式ビジュアルであると同時にキービジュアルでもある作画トレスしていたのだからミーマン氏も「言わなくてもわかるだろ」という脇の甘い考えがあった可能性は否めない。

しかし、しかしだ。どうにも巷の反応が納得ができない。

特に違和感を持ったのは白玉氏という人物発言である

この白玉氏もまたラブライブ二次創作イラスト同人誌頒布している作家の一人であり、技術も高い。

白玉氏の現在作品公式ビジュアル酷似したタッチで描かれており、その水準は公式イラストに置き換えられる水準にあると言って良い。

近頃はとうとうラブライブ公式サイド(角川グループ雑誌)が企画するグッズのイラスト仕事まで受注するようになっているのでそこは疑いようが無いだろう。

そんな白玉氏はこう言った。

ただえさえ二次創作販売グレーゾーンなのに版権トレスした絵で金稼ぎはいかんでしょ

トレスなんかに頼らず、たとえ上手く描けなくても自分の力で1枚仕上げている絵の方が何万倍も素敵だと思います

どうやら苦手だったトレス絵師トレス指摘されて垢消ししたみたいだけど

謝罪も弁明もなく逃げるあたりやっぱり最後まで苦手な存在でしたね

その点逃げずにきちんと謝罪と返金対応までした彼はまだ立派だと思った

擁護するつもりはないけど

(※筆者注:「逃げずにきちんと謝罪と返金対応までした彼」というのはミーマン氏の事である。ミーマン氏は過去頒布した者に対して返金対応を表明している)

いや、待てよ、そりゃ待てよと。

白玉さん、あなた去年ラブライブ同人誌を出していたし、この前はエロイラストまで公開していたよね?

それラブライブ公式サイドに無断でやってるよね? 雑誌仕事のほうはいいよ。だけど同人誌頒布においては無断でかつ少なからお金も取っているよね?

あなたのやってることはグレーでもなんでもなくて、著作権を持つ人がNGといえば一発でブラックだよ。ブラックホワイトかの二択の世界だよ。

ラブライブ舞台設定やキャラ名前衣装を下敷きにしたもの勝手に作って発表しておきながら、ミーマン氏が同じ二次創作においてトレースという工程採用しているからといってそこまで言う資格があるかね?

金を取っているかどうかに関わらずこんなことは著作権者ジャッジがすべての世界じゃないか

これは白玉氏に限らない。

大半のアニメ二次創作なんて「公式はこの程度のことでクレームをつけてこない、みんなやってる。文句が来たら誠実に対応しよう」という、考えようによってはゲスい魂胆で活動をしてるはずだよ。

だったらさ、ミーマン氏がトレースという工程を取っていた事についても「当事者同士の問題」ということで静観するのが、同じ二次創作界隈で活動する者としての最低限の行動規範っつーか作法じゃないのかい

著作権者がアウトといえば金を取っていようが取っていまいが、借用元を明記していようが明記していまいが等しく悪なのだ。この点ではトレースという手法あなたのやっていることも大きな差は無い。全員ギルティだ。

同じ無断二次創作をしておきながら「トレスで金取っちゃいかんでしょ」などと自分の都合で自分に累が及ばない形で善悪ライン勝手に引くの、控えめに言ってもクズいぜ。

また、これも白玉氏に限らないが「トレスなんかに頼らず」とは何事だよ。同じ二次創作をやっている身でありながらなんでトレスという工程をそこまで蔑視するんだよ。

それは君たちに「自分のやってる二次創作の形の方が高尚」という意識があるからじゃねーの?

じゃあ「ラブライブなんかに頼らずオリジナル創作を描いた方が素敵です」って言われたら黙って創作やめるの?

トレス著作権侵害の問題に発展しやすい、これは事実だ。だけど創作においてトレスが悪とはならないし「トレスはしない方がクリエイティブだ」とはならんでしょうが

芸術方面世界ではコラージュという技術手法一定地位にあるジャンルとして存在するし、モノによってはコラージュトレス以上にオリジナル作品の含有性があるぞ。

あれだって著作権者がアウトと言えばアウトだけど、アートとして素敵かどうかという点においてはそこは評価軸にはならんでしょ。

ミーマン氏の作品トレス工程に取り入れたオリジナリティのある佳作だ。

それは公式が生配信で取り上げたこからしても一定客観性はあると俺は思う。

あとのことは本人と著作権者との間の仁義の話、それでいいじゃないか。俺たち外野はただ黙って絵師ミーマン創作物だけを評価すれば良いんだ。

著作権者被害感情があるかどうかもわからないのに代弁者になった気になって騒ぐのが本当に著作権者のためになると思ってるのかよ。

一次創作を専門にする同人作家が君たちを馬鹿にしたら俺は全力で応戦しろと思うけど、現状の君たちがそのような有様ではとても心細い。

こんなものはせいぜい著作権者にこっそり伝えるぐらいに留めておくべきで、外野に良いかいかだのジャッジする権利なんて無いよ。

模写だってトレスだってそれらに該当しない二次創作だって同じ二次創作じゃん。

もうさ、版権もの二次創作界隈の中でこういう差別感情をむき出しにしてマウント取り合うの、やめにしようぜ。絶対良いこと無いよ。

あとな、トレス二次創作した奴にも著作権があるんだから勝手にトレパクだトレパクだと騒いでその画像アップロードしてたら公式二次創作者双方のダブルパンチを食らう可能性があることを忘れるな。

っつーか著作権侵害だなんだと騒ぐ奴が無断転載してんじゃねえよ。目的はそっちじゃなくて私的制裁を楽しむためだろ。そいつらも娯楽にふけるのもほどほどにしとけや。

アデュー

2020-03-01

anond:20200301104640

元増田です。

株というよりは、債務、やはり借金借金です。法律上は返済義務があります話題MMTがどう考えているのか、元増田MMT教科書を読んだことがないので理解していないのですが、マーケット財政状況を無視して、いくらでも借金してよいとは考えていません。1982年メキシコ1987年ブラジル1998年ロシア2001年2014年アルゼンチン2008年エクアドル2015年ギリシャなど、借金が返せずに国がひどいことになった例は歴史上いくつかあります

ただ、企業でも少しの借金倒産する会社もあれば、たくさん借金していても好調会社があります。例えばアップルは有利子負債がとても多い会社ですが、だからと言ってアップル経営について、債務残高が高いか危険だ、あん会社融資はできないとは誰も思っていませんよね。アップルの株はこの数年ですごく上がっていますし、アップル社債金利は極めて低いままです。それはアップルiPhoneという安定的キャッシュフロー供給してくれるビジネスがあるから、返済されないリスクほとんどない、借り換えも利払いも問題ないと投資家判断しているからです。国債場合国内で消化されていればますますです。償還されてもそれは国内に戻るからです。その際に民間資金需要が旺盛ならば、償還を受けた投資家は国に貸してくれないかも知れませんが、そのような状況とはすなわち景気がよいということですから、国は税収で経費を賄うことができます国債政府機関、例えば中央銀行保有していればさらに償還には問題ありません。なぜなら政府が支払った分はそのまま政府に戻ってくるからです。日本国債はほとんど国内保有され、半分近くは日銀保有しています

企業営業利益は、国でいえば一定期間の付加価値GDPがそれに相当します。GDPをすべて債務の返済に充てることができないのと同じく、借金も全額直ちに返済しなければならないものではないので、対GDP比で注目すべきは、債務残高ではなく、GDPの増え方に対する利払い、もっと言うと政府機関典型中央銀行保有分を除いた利払いなのです(これは元増田オリジナルではなくて標準的マクロ経済学教科書の教えるところです。)。GDPが増える以上に利払いが上昇していなければ、マーケットは発行体の支払いは問題ないと判断し、残高が多くても借り換えに際しても問題が生じず、金利の上昇もないのです。逆に残高がゼロでも利払いがGDPの増え方と比較して増加していれば、持続性に問題が生じます。だから元増田で書いたとおり、順調に借り換えができているものを無理にゼロにする必要はないし、その条件で貸してくれる人がいるのに期間に上限を決める必要はないし、毎年の予算に借り換え分を計上すると、かえって予算にとって何が負担になっているのかが正確にわからなくなるのです。ちなみに解散価値(国が解散したら大変ですが)、資産、すなわちストックで見ても問題ありません。日本世界最大の債権大国です。

日本国債の利払い負担現在9兆円弱、これはGDPが350兆円程度であった昭和50年代末-60年ごろと同じです。現在GDPは560兆円。350万円の年収で年間9万円の利子を払うのに比べれば、560万円の年収で年間9万円を返済する(しかもうち4万円程度はそのまま収入になる)方が負担が軽いのは自明ですから、すべてのマスコミ日本借金沈没すると騒いでも、これまで借り換えに支障が生じたことは全くありませんし、金利も低下しています債務負担は今、著しく低いのです。

ご参考になれば。少々口の悪い人ですが

what's more, since the debt to GDP gang never look at the implicit debt created by government-granted patent and copyright monopolies, they are measuring nothing. Give them only ridicule, that is what they deserve

https://twitter.com/DeanBaker13/status/1232786049279021057

債務の持続可能性は名目成長率と利子率の関係を探ることによってあきらかになるとされています

財政赤字政府債務を増大させることは、必然でありあきらかなことのように思えますしかしながら、この法則にはひとつ例外がありますFed連邦準備制度)が政府支出によってファイナンスされる拡張財政政策を、発行された政府債券を購入することによって調和するときがそれです。Fedによって保有されている政府債務が増大しても、家計、非金融法人民間企業外国人によって保有される政府債務は増大しないということです 。このチャプターのもっと重要なレッスンは、政府債務を購入するFed能力が、そういう政策を取らなかった場合に取り逃したであろう、財政政策における行動範囲提供する、ということです。

アメリカ合衆国かどこかの国の財政赤字(deficit)が多すぎるか否か、私たちはどのように判断することができるでしょうか。問題にすべきは赤字ゼロかどうかではなく、むしろ、未払いの名目公的債務(D)の名目GDP(PY)に対する割合の安定性の基準がどうあるべきか、ということです。連邦政府赤字は巨額になり得ますが、D/PYレシオは債務の増加にも関わらず安定的に保つことが可能です。

名目財政赤字債務の変化(△D)に等しくなります。では、財政赤字はどこまで大きくなり、かつ債務GDP比、D/PYは安定を保つことができるでしょうか? 債務GDP比の増加率がゼロであり続ける限り、安定的であり続けるでしょう。

それゆえ、私たちタスクは、いかなる額の財政赤字債務GDP比の増加率をゼロにするか、決定することです。私たちは、債務GDP比(D/PY)の増加率が、債務の増加率(d)とGDP名目成長率(p+y)の差である点に留意することから始めます

D/PY増加率=d-(p+y)  (6)

債務GDP比の安定のためには、私たち債務の増加率と名目GDP成長率(p+y)を等しくする必要があります

d=p+y  (7)

もし私たちが等式の両辺(7)を債務(D)の拡大により増加させた場合私たちは許容可能赤字(すなわち追加される債務)を獲得することになります。その分の赤字を増やしても、債務の対名目GDP比はコンスタントに保たれているのです。

一般式)  (数字をいれた例)

dD=(p+y)D  (0.05)(9,000billionドル)=450billionドル  (8)

このシンプル表現された(8)は、驚くべき結論を導き出します。債務GDP比は、もし赤字が未払いの債務GDP名目成長率をかけたものと等しければ、一定に保たれるのです。数値をいれた例によると、連邦政府2010年末時点の純債務は約9兆円でした。もしもGDP名目成長率を5%と仮定すると、許容可能赤字は4,500億ドルです。現在財政赤字2009年2010年よりもはるかに大きな額ですが、それは債務GDP比がこの期間に急速に増大したのかをあきらかにしています

2008年から2010年さらにその後の債務GDP比の急上昇は、政治家評論家の間で、オバマ政権2009年から2010年実施した初期の財政刺激プログラムを超えてさらなる財政出動をすることの実現可能性をめぐって、大論争を引き起こしました。"財政タカ派"は公的債務(debt)の対GDP比の急上昇を指摘し、債務GDP比の爆発を避けるために財政赤字(deficit)は削減しなければならないと主張しました。"財政ハト派"は高い失業率と弱い需要のもとではさらなる財政刺激が必要とされていると反論しました。実際のところ、金融政策効果が弱体化した状況では、財政政策は唯一残されたツールだったのです。

財政赤字は2つのパートに分類することができます。基礎的赤字と未払いの純公的債務に対する利払いです。順番に、基礎的赤字は税収からtransfer paymentと利払い以外の政府支出を控除したものと等しくなります2010年における多額の財政赤字は、多額の基礎的赤字と多額の純債務に対する利払いの合計によるものです。

しかしながら、債務ゼロ仮定しても、利払いの負担は、債務支払い可能なための条件(solvency condition)を満たさなければ、歯止めの利かない純債務GDP比の上昇を引き起こすのです。この条件について、政府は、名目成長率(p+y)が現在名目利子率に等しいかそれを上まわっていれば、政府証券を発行することにより、永久的に、債務GDP比を上昇させることなく、利払いの請求を満たすことができる、と定義することができます2010年末の純債務net debt)が大まかに9兆ドル、という上記の例に戻りましょう。政府は等式(8)で示されているとおり、債務GDP比を増加させることなく4500億ドル赤字を出すことができます。その赤字のうちから財務省証券の利払いのためにいくら支払わなければならないのでしょうか?もし利子率が5%で、等式で仮定された名目成長率と等しいとすれば、純債務に対する利払いは0.05×9兆ドル、すなわち4500億ドルです。このとおり、政府は利払いコストの全部を、4500億ドル財務省証券を新たに発行することにより、債務GDP比を増大させることなく、基礎的財政赤字ゼロとしたまま、支払うことができるのです。

Gordon, Robert J. "Macroeconomics: Twelfth Edition" (April 18, 2011) 、Chapter6 The Government Budget, the Government Debt, and the Limitations of Fiscal Policy

2020-02-27

Terms of use: Follower Check +

Registered users (hereinafter referred to asusers”) shall use the Service in accordance with the Terms.

These Terms of Service (hereinafter referred to as the "Terms") determine the terms of use for the services provided by the Company (hereinafter referred to as the "Services").

Article 1 (Apply)

These Terms shall apply to any relationship between you and us regarding the use of the Services.

Article 2 (Registration)

A registration applicant shall apply for use registration according to the method prescribed by the Company, and the use registration shall be completed when the Company approves this.

The Company may not approve the application for use registration if it determines that the applicant for use registration has any of the following reasons, and shall have no obligation to disclose the reason.

(1) When filing false information when applying for use registration

(2) When the application is from a person who has violated these Terms

(3) In addition, if we judge that the use registration is not appropriate

Article 3 (User ID and Password Management)

Users shall manage the user ID and password of this service at their own risk.

Users may not transfer or lend their user IDs and passwords to third parties under any circumstances. If the combination of the user ID and password matches the registered information and the user logs in, the company considers the use by the user who has registered the user ID.

Article 4 (Usage Fee and Payment Method)

Only when the user consents to the purchase to use the Service, the Company shall separately determine the price for the use of the Service and pay the usage fee displayed before the purchase of the Service by the method specified by the Company.

The free trial campaign applies only to the first registration.

No refunds will be made for any paid services purchased, regardless of the reason.

Article 5 (Prohibitions)

Users must not do any of the following when using this service:

(1) Acts that violate laws or public order and morals

(2) Acts related to criminal acts

(3) Acts that destroy or obstruct our server or network functions

(4) Acts that may interfere with the operation of our services

(5) Acts that directly or indirectly benefit anti-social forces in connection with our services

(6) Other acts deemed inappropriate by the Company

Article 6 (Suspension of provision of this service, etc.)

The Company may suspend or suspend the provision of all or a part of the Service without prior notice to the User if it determines that any of the following events occur.

(1) When performing maintenance or updating of the computer system related to this service

(2) When it becomes difficult to provide this service due to force majeure such as earthquake, lightning, fire, power outage or natural disaster

(3) When a computer or communication line stops due to an accident

(4) In addition, if we judge it is difficult to provide this service

The Company shall not be liable for any disadvantage or damage suffered by the user or any third party due to suspension or interruption of the provision of this service for any reason.

Article 7 (Restrictions on use and cancellation of registration)

In the following cases, the Company may restrict the use of this service in whole or in part, or cancel the registration as a user without prior notice.

(1) In the case of violating any provision of these Terms

(2) When it turns out that the registered items are false

(3) In addition, if we judge that the use of this service is not appropriate

The Company shall not be liable for any damages caused to Users due to the actions performed by the Company based on this section.

Article 8 (Disclaimer)

Our default liability shall be waived if not due to our intentional or gross negligence.

The Company shall not be liable for any transactions, communications or disputes arising between the User and other users or third parties with respect to the Service.

Article 9 (Changes in service content, etc.)

We may change the contents of this service or stop providing this service without notifying the user, and we do not take any responsibility for any damage caused to the user by this.

Article 10 (Change of Terms of Use)

We may change these Terms at any time, without notice, if we deem it necessary.

Article 11 (Notification or communication)

Notice or communication between the user and us shall be made in a manner determined by us.

Article 12 (Prohibition of transfer of rights and obligations)

You may not transfer or provide security to any third party without your prior written consent to your position in the terms of use or any rights or obligations under these Terms.

Article 13 (Governing law and jurisdiction)

In interpreting these Terms, the laws of Japan shall be the governing law.

In case of any dispute regarding this service, the exclusive jurisdiction of the court having jurisdiction over the location of our head office shall be exclusive

Privacy Policy: Follow Checker

We("developer") provides this app to users("you").

While providing our services, we recognize the importance of your privacy and carry out our activities in line with the applicable data protection regulation including the EU General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and other related laws.

This Privacy Policy aims to specify how we collect, use and disclose your personal data to provide you with the best level of our service.

Personal Data We Collect

We collect and process your personal data such as:

identity information including your Instagram username, Instagram full name, user ID, gender,

contact information including your phone number and e-mail address,

online identifiers including Identifier for Vendors (IDFV), Identifier for Advertisers (IDFA) and IP address,

visual information including your photo,

customer transaction information including your purchase history, payment details, subscription ID, transaction ID, subscription start and end date, receipt of subscription, version of Follower Check +,

behavioural information including your usage activity, language preference, how much time you have spent and your last active time in the Follower Check +,

marketing information including your push notification device token, information about the campaign (advertisement, Instagram phenomenon etc.) you come from, the ads you see in Follower Check +.

Collection Method of Your Personal Data

We collect your personal data in a number of ways, including:

directly from you via e-mail, telephone, mobile application, SMS, printed form and/or other electronic devices.

from publicly available sources of information,

from our own records of how you use Follower Check + services.

Use of Your Personal Data

We collect, hold, use and disclose your personal data for the purposes including to:

provide you with a better and more personalized level of service,

review your requests, suggestions and complaints regarding our service,

fulfil contractual obligations to you and anyone involved in the process,


monitor metrics such as total number of visitors, traffic and demographic patterns,

show you ads that are more tailored to your interests.

identify and resolve errors, problems or bugs in our products and services,

meet legal and regulatory requirements including compliance with applicable law, respond to requests from public and government authorities, including authorities outside your country of residence and to meet national security or law enforcement requirements.

We collect and process your personal data on the following bases under the GDPR:

to comply with our contractual obligation (for example, providing you with our service),

to comply with our legal obligations,

because of our company’s legitimate interests which include the provision of our mobile application and/or relevant services, provided always that our legitimate interests are not outweighed by any prejudice or harm your rights and freedoms,

to establish, exercise or defend our legal claims before the courts, arbitrations, authorized data protection authorities or similar legal proceedings,

because you have explicitly given us your consent to process your personal data in that manner.

We will only provide you with marketing related information after you have, where legally required to do so, opted in to receive those communications and having provided the opportunity for you to opt out at any time.

Disclosure of Your Personal Data

We disclose your personal data

with our employees, other Follower Check + users, company executives, representatives, suppliers, service providers, business partners and solution partners for the purposes specified in Section 3,

with government and regulatory authorities and other organizations to meet legal and regulatory requirements, or to protect or defend our rights or property in accordance with applicable laws.

For the compliance with the GDPR, we ensure that our suppliers and business or solution partners whether they are located outside the EEA or not, takes appropriate technical and organizational security measures in accordance with applicable data protection laws and use it solely for the purposes specified by us.

Your Rights

If you are from the European Economic Area or in certain countries, you are also entitled (with some exceptions and restrictions) to:

Access: You have the right to request information about how we process your personal data and to obtain a copy of that personal data.

Rectification: You have the right to request the rectification of inaccurate personal data about you and for any incomplete personal information about you to be completed.

Objection: You have the right to object to the processing of your personal information, which is based on our legitimate interests (as described above).

Deletion: You can delete your account by using the corresponding functionality directly on the service.

Automated decision-making: You have the right to object a decision made about you that is based solely on automated processing if that decision produces legal or similarly significant effects concerning you.

Restriction: You have the right to ask us to restrict our processing of your personal data, so that we no longer process that personal data until the restriction is lifted.

Portability: You have the right to receive your personal data, which you have provided to us, in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format and to have that personal data transmitted to another organization in certain circumstances.

Complaint: You have a right to lodge a complaint with the authorized data protection authority if you have concerns about how we process your personal data. The data protection authority you can lodge a complaint with notably may be that of your habitual residence, where you work or where we are established.

You may, at any time, exercise any of the above rights, by contacting us via info@followcheckx.com together with a proof of your identity, i.e. a copy of your ID card, or passport, or any other valid identifying document.

In some cases, we may not be able to give you access to your personal data that we hold, if making such a disclosure would breach our legal obligations to our other customers or if prevented by any applicable law or regulation.

Right to withdraw consent

If you have provided your consent to the collection, processing and transfer of your personal data, you have the right to fully or partly withdraw your consent. To withdraw your consent please follow the opt-out links on any marketing message sent to you or contact us via info@followcheckx.com.

Once we have received notification that you have withdrawn your consent, we will no longer process your information for the purpose(s) to which you originally consented unless there are compelling legitimate grounds for further processing which override your interests, rights and freedoms or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

Collection of Children’s Personal Data

We attach great importance of protecting children’s privacy. Therefore, we make an effort to not collect personal data of any children under the age of 13. If you have any concerns about your child’s privacy with respect to our services, or if you believe that your child may have provided his/her personal data to us, please contact us using the details provided below. We ensure to delete such personal data from our records immediately.

Security of Your Personal Data

We take appropriate and reasonable technical and organizational measures to protect your personal data from loss, misuse, unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, and destruction, taking into account the risks involved in the processing and the nature of the personal data.

Retention of Your Personal Data

We will only retain your personal data for as long as necessary to fulfil our collection purposes, including for the purposes of satisfying any legal, accounting, or reporting requirements, and where required for our company to provide services, until the end of the relevant retention period.

To determine the appropriate retention period for personal data, we consider the amount, nature, and sensitivity of the personal data, the potential risk of harm from unauthorized use or disclosure of your personal data, the purposes for which we process your personal data and whether we can achieve those purposes through other means, and the applicable legal requirements. Upon expiry of the applicable retention period, we will securely delete, destroy or anonymize your personal data in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.

Links to Third Party Sites

Our mobile application includes links to other websites or apps whose privacy practices may differ from those of our companies. If you submit personal information to any of those sites, your information is governed by their Privacy Policies. We encourage you to carefully read the Privacy Policy of any website or app you visit.

Changes to our Privacy Policy

We reserve the right to update and change this Policy from time to time in order to reflect any changes to the way in which we process your personal data or changing legal requirements. Any changes we may make to our Policy in the future will be posted on this page and, where appropriate, notified to you by e-mail or push notification. Please check back frequently to see any updates or changes to our Policy.

Contact us

If you have any questions or concerns about our privacy practices or would like to exercise any of the rights mentioned in this Privacy Policy, please contact us via info@followcheckx.com. You may also contact us by postal at our address stated above.

Privacy Policy: Follow Checker

We("developer") provides this app to users("you").

While providing our services, we recognize the importance of your privacy and carry out our activities in line with the applicable data protection regulation including the EU General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and other related laws.

This Privacy Policy aims to specify how we collect, use and disclose your personal data to provide you with the best level of our service.

Personal Data We Collect

We collect and process your personal data such as:

identity information including your Instagram username, Instagram full name, user ID, gender,

contact information including your phone number and e-mail address,

online identifiers including Identifier for Vendors (IDFV), Identifier for Advertisers (IDFA) and IP address,

visual information including your photo,

customer transaction information including your purchase history, payment details, subscription ID, transaction ID, subscription start and end date, receipt of subscription, version of Follower Check +,

behavioural information including your usage activity, language preference, how much time you have spent and your last active time in the Follower Check +,

marketing information including your push notification device token, information about the campaign (advertisement, Instagram phenomenon etc.) you come from, the ads you see in Follower Check +.

Collection Method of Your Personal Data

We collect your personal data in a number of ways, including:

directly from you via e-mail, telephone, mobile application, SMS, printed form and/or other electronic devices.

from publicly available sources of information,

from our own records of how you use Follower Check + services.

Use of Your Personal Data

We collect, hold, use and disclose your personal data for the purposes including to:

provide you with a better and more personalized level of service,

review your requests, suggestions and complaints regarding our service,

fulfil contractual obligations to you and anyone involved in the process,


monitor metrics such as total number of visitors, traffic and demographic patterns,

show you ads that are more tailored to your interests.

identify and resolve errors, problems or bugs in our products and services,

meet legal and regulatory requirements including compliance with applicable law, respond to requests from public and government authorities, including authorities outside your country of residence and to meet national security or law enforcement requirements.

We collect and process your personal data on the following bases under the GDPR:

to comply with our contractual obligation (for example, providing you with our service),

to comply with our legal obligations,

because of our company’s legitimate interests which include the provision of our mobile application and/or relevant services, provided always that our legitimate interests are not outweighed by any prejudice or harm your rights and freedoms,

to establish, exercise or defend our legal claims before the courts, arbitrations, authorized data protection authorities or similar legal proceedings,

because you have explicitly given us your consent to process your personal data in that manner.

We will only provide you with marketing related information after you have, where legally required to do so, opted in to receive those communications and having provided the opportunity for you to opt out at any time.

Disclosure of Your Personal Data

We disclose your personal data

with our employees, other Follower Check + users, company executives, representatives, suppliers, service providers, business partners and solution partners for the purposes specified in Section 3,

with government and regulatory authorities and other organizations to meet legal and regulatory requirements, or to protect or defend our rights or property in accordance with applicable laws.

For the compliance with the GDPR, we ensure that our suppliers and business or solution partners whether they are located outside the EEA or not, takes appropriate technical and organizational security measures in accordance with applicable data protection laws and use it solely for the purposes specified by us.

Your Rights

If you are from the European Economic Area or in certain countries, you are also entitled (with some exceptions and restrictions) to:

Access: You have the right to request information about how we process your personal data and to obtain a copy of that personal data.

Rectification: You have the right to request the rectification of inaccurate personal data about you and for any incomplete personal information about you to be completed.

Objection: You have the right to object to the processing of your personal information, which is based on our legitimate interests (as described above).

Deletion: You can delete your account by using the corresponding functionality directly on the service.

Automated decision-making: You have the right to object a decision made about you that is based solely on automated processing if that decision produces legal or similarly significant effects concerning you.

Restriction: You have the right to ask us to restrict our processing of your personal data, so that we no longer process that personal data until the restriction is lifted.

Portability: You have the right to receive your personal data, which you have provided to us, in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format and to have that personal data transmitted to another organization in certain circumstances.

Complaint: You have a right to lodge a complaint with the authorized data protection authority if you have concerns about how we process your personal data. The data protection authority you can lodge a complaint with notably may be that of your habitual residence, where you work or where we are established.

You may, at any time, exercise any of the above rights, by contacting us via info@followcheckx.com together with a proof of your identity, i.e. a copy of your ID card, or passport, or any other valid identifying document.

In some cases, we may not be able to give you access to your personal data that we hold, if making such a disclosure would breach our legal obligations to our other customers or if prevented by any applicable law or regulation.

Right to withdraw consent

If you have provided your consent to the collection, processing and transfer of your personal data, you have the right to fully or partly withdraw your consent. To withdraw your consent please follow the opt-out links on any marketing message sent to you or contact us via info@followcheckx.com.

Once we have received notification that you have withdrawn your consent, we will no longer process your information for the purpose(s) to which you originally consented unless there are compelling legitimate grounds for further processing which override your interests, rights and freedoms or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

Collection of Children’s Personal Data

We attach great importance of protecting children’s privacy. Therefore, we make an effort to not collect personal data of any children under the age of 13. If you have any concerns about your child’s privacy with respect to our services, or if you believe that your child may have provided his/her personal data to us, please contact us using the details provided below. We ensure to delete such personal data from our records immediately.

Security of Your Personal Data

We take appropriate and reasonable technical and organizational measures to protect your personal data from loss, misuse, unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, and destruction, taking into account the risks involved in the processing and the nature of the personal data.

Retention of Your Personal Data

We will only retain your personal data for as long as necessary to fulfil our collection purposes, including for the purposes of satisfying any legal, accounting, or reporting requirements, and where required for our company to provide services, until the end of the relevant retention period.

To determine the appropriate retention period for personal data, we consider the amount, nature, and sensitivity of the personal data, the potential risk of harm from unauthorized use or disclosure of your personal data, the purposes for which we process your personal data and whether we can achieve those purposes through other means, and the applicable legal requirements. Upon expiry of the applicable retention period, we will securely delete, destroy or anonymize your personal data in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.

Links to Third Party Sites

Our mobile application includes links to other websites or apps whose privacy practices may differ from those of our companies. If you submit personal information to any of those sites, your information is governed by their Privacy Policies. We encourage you to carefully read the Privacy Policy of any website or app you visit.

Changes to our Privacy Policy

We reserve the right to update and change this Policy from time to time in order to reflect any changes to the way in which we process your personal data or changing legal requirements. Any changes we may make to our Policy in the future will be posted on this page and, where appropriate, notified to you by e-mail or push notification. Please check back frequently to see any updates or changes to our Policy.

Contact us

If you have any questions or concerns about our privacy practices or would like to exercise any of the rights mentioned in this Privacy Policy, please contact us via info@followcheckx.com. You may also contact us by postal at our address stated above.

2020-02-22

アイスカップ(With キューブアイス) 100円

ロックアイス +80円

フロートアイス +180(With ミニアイス チョコミックス Onlyシンプル+100円)

Oneコーヒー(Free)

メロンソーダTree Time) +180円

With オープンカフェテラス

3シートOnly With Tabacco (5-10Min)

ログイン ユーザー登録
ようこそ ゲスト さん