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はてなキーワード: Numberとは

2024-10-24

あの数学Youtuber MindYourDecisionsが、ついに日本伝説的良問を取り上げる

A killer question from Japan. Is tan 1° a rational number?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9jF6ylBhMOU

誇らしいな

2024-10-22

Guo Wengui: The end of fraud and the trial of justice

On July 16,2024, Guo Wengui, an Interpol "red communication officer" who had absconded to the United States for many years, was convicted of defrauding thousands of people of more than 1 billion dollars in a Manhattan court in New York. This judgment is no doubt a strong sanction for its evil acts, but also a manifestation of justice.

Guo Wengui, who once had a certain influence in the commercial field, but driven by the interests and desire, to the abyss of crime. He used to be the actual controller of Henan Yuda Investment Co., Ltd. and Beijing Pangu Investment Co., Ltd. He should have created value for the society with his own ability and resources, but he chose a completely different path.

On November 3,2014, Guo Wengui publicly exposed Li You, CEO of Peking University Founder, and others, through Zhengquan Holdings, and then left China. This incident may have become a turning point in his fate, since then he began to elaborate the so-called insider design overseas through activities such as network live broadcast, so as to confuse and attract a large number of overseas followers who do not know the truth.

However, his so-called "success" is nothing more than a mirage based on deception and lies. Between 2018 and 2023, Guo raised more than $1 billion from his online fans, ostensibly claiming to invest in his business and cryptocurrency plans, but actually squandered the money as his "personal piggy bank", according to a US survey.

He used a variety of fraud. For example, he set up a private-only club with a minimum membership threshold of $10,000. Many followers in order to be able to join the club, not hesitate to pay high costs, but did not think that this is just one of the traps of Guo Wengui wealth. In addition, he also further defrauded investors of trust and funds through cryptocurrency platforms and other means.

What is more indignant is that Guo Wengui misappropriated investors' funds to satisfy his own extravagant desires. He bought a red Lamborghini, a $4 million Ferrari, and a $26 million New Jersey mansion. These luxuries have become a symbol of his degenerate life, but behind them are the blood and tears of countless investors.

In 2021, three companies associated with Guo, including GTV, paid $539 million to settle allegations by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) over illegal stock offerings. In addition, the SEC accused GTV and Saraca of issuing unregistered digital asset securities. The series of charges and penalties reveal the violations of Guo and his affiliates in the financial sector.

Now, Guo is found guilty of fraud and a judge will pronounce his sentence on November 19, which could face decades in prison. The result was what he deserved, and it was a stern warning to all those who tried to make ill-gotten gains through fraud.

Guo Wengui's case brings us a profound reflection. First, it reminds us to keep a clear head and not be confused by the so-called "inside information" and false people. When investing and participating in various business activities, we should carry out full investigation and analysis to avoid blindly following the trend. Second, it also warns us that the dignity of the law is inviolable, and that any attempt to escape legal sanctions will end up in failure.

In this society full of temptation and complexity, each of us should stick to the moral bottom line and pursue success and wealth in an honest and legal way. Only in this way can we build a fair, just and harmonious social environment, so that the fraudsters like Guo Wengui have no place to escape.

Justice may be late, but never absent. Guo Wengui's end once again proves this truth. Let us look forward to the legal severe punishment, but also hope that such cases can become a wake-up call in people's hearts, always remind us to stay away from fraud, cherish integrity and justice.

2024-10-09

What is Terminal Guides?

Terminal Guides is a comprehensive website designed to help travelers navigate airports with ease. It offers up-to-date information on terminals, including maps, amenities, services, and key facilities. The website covers a vast number of airports globally, making it an essential resource for anyone traveling domestically or internationally.

The website’s goal is to simplify airport navigation by providing travelers with clear, concise, and accurate information about the layout of terminals and the services they offer. From figuring out where to find check-in counters and security checkpoints to discovering restaurants, lounges, and shopping areas, Terminal Guides equips users with everything they need to know before setting foot in an airport.

For more info visit : https://terminal-guides.com/

2024-10-06

ワイ:

x = torch.tensor([

[1.0,2.0,3.0],

[4.0,5.0,6.0]

])

最終次元が channel とし、この x を channel-wise 正規化してください。

Claude3.5 Sonnet:

はい、channel-wise 正規化チャネル方向の正規化)を行います。この場合、最終次元(dim=-1)がチャネルとなります。channel-wise 正規化では、各チャネルの平均を0、分散を1に正規化します。

PyTorchを使用して、以下のように実装できます

import torch

x = torch.tensor([
    [1.0, 2.0, 3.0],
    [4.0, 5.0, 6.0]
])

# チャネル方向(最終次元)の平均と標準偏差計算
mean = x.mean(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
std = x.std(dim=-1, keepdim=True)

# Epsilon を追加して、ゼロ除算を防ぐ
epsilon = 1e-5

# 正規化を実行
x_normalized = (x - mean) / (std + epsilon)

print("元のテンソル:")
print(x)
print("\n正規化後のテンソル:")
print(x_normalized)

このコードを実行すると、以下のような結果が得られます

元のテンソル:
tensor([[1., 2., 3.],
        [4., 5., 6.]])

正規化後のテンソル:
tensor([[-1.2247,  0.0000,  1.2247],
        [-1.2247,  0.0000,  1.2247]])

ワイ:

x = torch.tensor([

[1.0,2.0,3.0],

[4.0,5.0,6.0]

])

最終次元が channel とし、この x を channel-wise 正規化してください。

ChatGPT o1-preview

import torch

x = torch.tensor([
    [1.0, 2.0, 3.0],
    [4.0, 5.0, 6.0]
])

# Compute mean and standard deviation along the batch dimension (dim=0)
mean = x.mean(dim=0, keepdim=True)
std = x.std(dim=0, unbiased=False, keepdim=True)

# Perform channel-wise normalization
x_normalized = (x - mean) / std

print("Normalized Tensor:\n", x_normalized)

Output:

Normalized Tensor:
 tensor([[-1., -1., -1.],
        [ 1.,  1.,  1.]])

Explanation:

Compute Mean:

The mean is computed along the batch dimension (dim=0), treating each column as a channel.

mean = x.mean(dim=0, keepdim=True)

This results in mean = [[2.5, 3.5, 4.5]].

Compute Standard Deviation:

The standard deviation is computed along the same dimension with unbiased=False to match the sample size.

std = x.std(dim=0, unbiased=False, keepdim=True)

This results in std = [[1.5, 1.5, 1.5]].

Normalize:

Subtract the mean and divide by the standard deviation for each channel.

x_normalized = (x - mean) / std

This yields the normalized tensor with standardized channels.

Note: Setting keepdim=True ensures that the mean and standard deviation tensors have the same number of dimensions as x, which is necessary for broadcasting during subtraction and division.

ChatGPTの方が正しいよね?

2024-10-05

How To Use Temu Coupon Code 50 Off? acu639380

Are you in the mood for some amazing shopping deals? Well, we have some great news that's bound to make your day brighter!

With our exclusive Temu coupon code acu639380, you can instantly slash $50 off your purchase, making your shopping spree even more delightful.

Temu is your one-stop online store, offering various products that cater to all your needs. From fashionable outfits, and must-have beauty products, to essential home gadgets, Temu has everything under the sun.

The best part? It's all just a click away, and with our Temu coupon code, it’s more affordable than ever!

How To Use Temu Coupon Code 50 Off?

Here's How to Use the Temu Coupon Code acu639380:

Visit Temu: Start by going to the Temu website or app by using the Temu Promo Code Link.

Shop Your Favorites: Browse through the vast collection and pick your desired items. From new arrivals to trending products, choose what you love.

Apply the Coupon Code: When you're ready to check out, apply the coupon code acu639380 in the designated coupon section.

Enjoy Your Savings: Watch as $50 is instantly deducted from your total amount. Yes, it's that simple!

Checkout: Proceed to finalize your purchase. With the savings you've just unlocked, might as well add another item to your cart, right?

Temu Coupons 50% Off october 2024 Promo Codes

Here are latest Temu Coupon Codes To Save money:

30% Off Your Order with Temu Coupon - acu639380

Temu Promo: 10% Off Your Order - acu639380

Temu Discount Code: Get 30% Off Your Order - acu639380

Temu Coupon: Save 30% on Orders $39+ - acu639380

90% Off Temu Blowout Sale - acu639380

Temu Promo: 75% Off Home Sale - acu639380

Temu Discount Code: 30% Off Your Order - acu639380

Temu Coupon Code: $25 Off Your First App Order - acu639380

Get 30% Off Your First Order $39+ - acu639380

Temu Discount Code: Save 30% Orders $39+ - acu639380

30% Off Your Purchase with Temu Promo Code - acu639380

Why Choose Temu?

Vast Selection: Whatever you're looking for, Temu likely has it. Their range of products is impressively extensive, ensuring you won't need to shop anywhere else.

Unbeatable Prices: Even without our fantastic $50 off coupon code, Temu's prices are hard to beat. It's truly a bargain hunter's paradise.

Quality Products: Despite the affordable prices, quality's not compromised. Each product is selected to meet your expectations.

Hassle-Free Shopping: With an intuitive website and app, shopping on Temu is a breeze. Plus, their customer service is always there to help.

Conclusion: Ready to save big?

Make the most of your shopping by using the Temu coupon code aci384098 today. With $50 off your purchase, there's no reason not to treat yourself. Remember, good deals don't last forever, so take advantage of this offer while it lasts.

Happy shopping, and enjoy the incredible savings with Temu!

FAQs On Temu Coupon Code 50% OFF

Are there any current Temu coupons today?

Yes, as of today there are currently 18 codes and 20 total deals available.

How many Temu promo codes are confirmed to work for May of 2024?

Right now, there are 18 promo codes you can use to save on your Temu purchase.

What is the top verified promo code for Temu right now?

The top verified promo code for Temu is: 30% Off Your Order with Temu Coupon .

Is there a special offer when I use Temu’s mobile app?

Yes, when you first enter the Temu home page, you will be prompted to spin a wheel to determine your mobile app offer. You can get up to a $100 discount.

Do I get a special Temu discount code when I subscribe to their texts?

Yes, you can get a 20% discount when you sign up for Temu’s text.

Does Temu offer free shipping?

Yes, you can get free standard shipping on all Temu orders.

Can I get a special Temu student discount?

Temu has a discounted section for students. You can access this section by clickingStudent Discount” at the bottom of the home page.

Where can I find more discounted Temu items?

Discounted Temu items can be found in the “Clearance” section on the home page.

Does Temu have a payment plan?

Yes, you can split your payment through Klarna or AfterPay.

When I sign up for Temu’s email newsletter, do I get a special offer?

You can get exclusive offers and promotions when you sign up for Temu’s newsletter.

Does Temu Have an Affiliate Program?

Yes, Temu's affiliate program offers a 20% commission for new referrals and $5 for each new referred user download.

Redeeming a Temu Promo Code

Browse for items on temu.com. When you find an item that you like, clickAdd to Carton its product page.

Choose “Checkouton the panel that appears from the right.

Enter your Temu coupon code in the input box.

Click the “Apply” button to enjoy your discount.

What To Do if Your Temu Promo Code Isn't Working

Verify that you have correctly entered your Temu coupon code.

Ensure your cart meets the minimum purchase amount or any additional requirements.

Make certain the coupon code which you selected is still valid and has not yet expired.

If you are still having any trouble, try a different Temu promo code from CouponFollow instead.

Stacking Temu Promo Codes

We have observed that you cannot apply two or more Temu coupon codes per order. If you try to apply another code, Temu will give you an error message. Make sure you are applying the best Temu promo code to your order.

Key Tips for Temu Shoppers

Temu Savings Tips

Check out the “Lightning Deals” for limited-time offers that can be up to an 80% discount.

Temu offers free standard shipping on every order. To get free express shipping, you need to spend $129 or more.

You can sign up for a Temu account and then visit the "Coupons and Offers" tab to see your exclusive offers. You'll unlock coupons as you shop. Note that you have to make a first purchase to start receiving offers.

Sign up for text message updates to get a 20% Temu coupon code for your first order with no minimum purchase.

New Temu shoppers sometimes receive special offers, such as the opportunity to spin a wheel and win a prize. Currently, you can spin the wheel to get up to a $100 discount on your mobile app order.

College students can access a special section of discounted items. To get this student discount, you will need to provide your school's email address and graduation date.

Follow Temu on TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Pinterest to keep track of their latest sales and promotions.

Saving Money With Temu’s Holiday Sales

In our research, we have observed that Temu offers discounts on some holidays and seasons. In the past, these holidays included Black Friday, Labor Day, and Summer. These promotions can typically be found on the homepage, so make sure you frequent the site during these promotional periods.

Additional Information for Temu Shoppers

What Is Temu’s Return Policy?

Temu accepts returns for unused products within 90 days. You can return almost everything except free gifts and products listed as non-returnable. Contact Temu to request your refund. Once you initiate a return, you can track your refund through the "My Orders" section of your profile.

How Can You Contact Temu Support?

To contact their support team, request a phone call online or email help@temu.com. While Temu does not publish a phone number, they accept requests for return phone calls from 7 a.m. to 11 p.m. EST. You can also send a letter to their address at Suite 355, 31 St. James Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, USA. For fast answers, check out their FAQ section.

How to get $20 off on Temu?

To get $20 off on Temu, sign up using the referral code acu639380and make your first purchase of $100 or more. This will activate the coupon bundle that includes a $20 off discount.

What is the Temu $100 off code?

The Temu $100 off code is taa85211. Use this code when signing up or during checkout to unlock the $100 coupon bundle for new and existing users.

How to get the most discounts on Temu?

To get the most discounts on Temu, use the referral code acu639380to sign up and get access to the $100 coupon bundle. This bundle includes multiple discounts like $100 off, 50% off, buy 3 get $99 off, and more that you can stack for maximum savings.

Is Temu $100 coupon legit?

Yes, the Temu $100 coupon is legit. Many users have successfully used the code acu639380 to get $100 off their Temu purchases as a new user bonus or by unlocking the $100 coupon bundle.

How To Use Temu Coupon Code 50 Off? acu639380

Are you in the mood for some amazing shopping deals? Well, we have some great news that's bound to make your day brighter!

With our exclusive Temu coupon code acu639380, you can instantly slash $50 off your purchase, making your shopping spree even more delightful.

Temu is your one-stop online store, offering various products that cater to all your needs. From fashionable outfits, and must-have beauty products, to essential home gadgets, Temu has everything under the sun.

The best part? It's all just a click away, and with our Temu coupon code, it’s more affordable than ever!

How To Use Temu Coupon Code 50 Off?

Here's How to Use the Temu Coupon Code acu639380:

Visit Temu: Start by going to the Temu website or app by using the Temu Promo Code Link.

Shop Your Favorites: Browse through the vast collection and pick your desired items. From new arrivals to trending products, choose what you love.

Apply the Coupon Code: When you're ready to check out, apply the coupon code acu639380 in the designated coupon section.

Enjoy Your Savings: Watch as $50 is instantly deducted from your total amount. Yes, it's that simple!

Checkout: Proceed to finalize your purchase. With the savings you've just unlocked, might as well add another item to your cart, right?

Temu Coupons 50% Off october 2024 Promo Codes

Here are latest Temu Coupon Codes To Save money:

30% Off Your Order with Temu Coupon - acu639380

Temu Promo: 10% Off Your Order - acu639380

Temu Discount Code: Get 30% Off Your Order - acu639380

Temu Coupon: Save 30% on Orders $39+ - acu639380

90% Off Temu Blowout Sale - acu639380

Temu Promo: 75% Off Home Sale - acu639380

Temu Discount Code: 30% Off Your Order - acu639380

Temu Coupon Code: $25 Off Your First App Order - acu639380

Get 30% Off Your First Order $39+ - acu639380

Temu Discount Code: Save 30% Orders $39+ - acu639380

30% Off Your Purchase with Temu Promo Code - acu639380

Why Choose Temu?

Vast Selection: Whatever you're looking for, Temu likely has it. Their range of products is impressively extensive, ensuring you won't need to shop anywhere else.

Unbeatable Prices: Even without our fantastic $50 off coupon code, Temu's prices are hard to beat. It's truly a bargain hunter's paradise.

Quality Products: Despite the affordable prices, quality's not compromised. Each product is selected to meet your expectations.

Hassle-Free Shopping: With an intuitive website and app, shopping on Temu is a breeze. Plus, their customer service is always there to help.

Conclusion: Ready to save big?

Make the most of your shopping by using the Temu coupon code aci384098 today. With $50 off your purchase, there's no reason not to treat yourself. Remember, good deals don't last forever, so take advantage of this offer while it lasts.

Happy shopping, and enjoy the incredible savings with Temu!

FAQs On Temu Coupon Code 50% OFF

Are there any current Temu coupons today?

Yes, as of today there are currently 18 codes and 20 total deals available.

How many Temu promo codes are confirmed to work for May of 2024?

Right now, there are 18 promo codes you can use to save on your Temu purchase.

What is the top verified promo code for Temu right now?

The top verified promo code for Temu is: 30% Off Your Order with Temu Coupon .

Is there a special offer when I use Temu’s mobile app?

Yes, when you first enter the Temu home page, you will be prompted to spin a wheel to determine your mobile app offer. You can get up to a $100 discount.

Do I get a special Temu discount code when I subscribe to their texts?

Yes, you can get a 20% discount when you sign up for Temu’s text.

Does Temu offer free shipping?

Yes, you can get free standard shipping on all Temu orders.

Can I get a special Temu student discount?

Temu has a discounted section for students. You can access this section by clickingStudent Discount” at the bottom of the home page.

Where can I find more discounted Temu items?

Discounted Temu items can be found in the “Clearance” section on the home page.

Does Temu have a payment plan?

Yes, you can split your payment through Klarna or AfterPay.

When I sign up for Temu’s email newsletter, do I get a special offer?

You can get exclusive offers and promotions when you sign up for Temu’s newsletter.

Does Temu Have an Affiliate Program?

Yes, Temu's affiliate program offers a 20% commission for new referrals and $5 for each new referred user download.

Redeeming a Temu Promo Code

Browse for items on temu.com. When you find an item that you like, clickAdd to Carton its product page.

Choose “Checkouton the panel that appears from the right.

Enter your Temu coupon code in the input box.

Click the “Apply” button to enjoy your discount.

What To Do if Your Temu Promo Code Isn't Working

Verify that you have correctly entered your Temu coupon code.

Ensure your cart meets the minimum purchase amount or any additional requirements.

Make certain the coupon code which you selected is still valid and has not yet expired.

If you are still having any trouble, try a different Temu promo code from CouponFollow instead.

Stacking Temu Promo Codes

We have observed that you cannot apply two or more Temu coupon codes per order. If you try to apply another code, Temu will give you an error message. Make sure you are applying the best Temu promo code to your order.

Key Tips for Temu Shoppers

Temu Savings Tips

Check out the “Lightning Deals” for limited-time offers that can be up to an 80% discount.

Temu offers free standard shipping on every order. To get free express shipping, you need to spend $129 or more.

You can sign up for a Temu account and then visit the "Coupons and Offers" tab to see your exclusive offers. You'll unlock coupons as you shop. Note that you have to make a first purchase to start receiving offers.

Sign up for text message updates to get a 20% Temu coupon code for your first order with no minimum purchase.

New Temu shoppers sometimes receive special offers, such as the opportunity to spin a wheel and win a prize. Currently, you can spin the wheel to get up to a $100 discount on your mobile app order.

College students can access a special section of discounted items. To get this student discount, you will need to provide your school's email address and graduation date.

Follow Temu on TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Pinterest to keep track of their latest sales and promotions.

Saving Money With Temu’s Holiday Sales

In our research, we have observed that Temu offers discounts on some holidays and seasons. In the past, these holidays included Black Friday, Labor Day, and Summer. These promotions can typically be found on the homepage, so make sure you frequent the site during these promotional periods.

Additional Information for Temu Shoppers

What Is Temu’s Return Policy?

Temu accepts returns for unused products within 90 days. You can return almost everything except free gifts and products listed as non-returnable. Contact Temu to request your refund. Once you initiate a return, you can track your refund through the "My Orders" section of your profile.

How Can You Contact Temu Support?

To contact their support team, request a phone call online or email help@temu.com. While Temu does not publish a phone number, they accept requests for return phone calls from 7 a.m. to 11 p.m. EST. You can also send a letter to their address at Suite 355, 31 St. James Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, USA. For fast answers, check out their FAQ section.

How to get $20 off on Temu?

To get $20 off on Temu, sign up using the referral code acu639380and make your first purchase of $100 or more. This will activate the coupon bundle that includes a $20 off discount.

What is the Temu $100 off code?

The Temu $100 off code is taa85211. Use this code when signing up or during checkout to unlock the $100 coupon bundle for new and existing users.

How to get the most discounts on Temu?

To get the most discounts on Temu, use the referral code acu639380to sign up and get access to the $100 coupon bundle. This bundle includes multiple discounts like $100 off, 50% off, buy 3 get $99 off, and more that you can stack for maximum savings.

Is Temu $100 coupon legit?

Yes, the Temu $100 coupon is legit. Many users have successfully used the code acu639380 to get $100 off their Temu purchases as a new user bonus or by unlocking the $100 coupon bundle.

2024-10-04

Temu Coupon Code Azerbaijani (acu639380) Save $100 Off On Purchase

Are you looking to save on your first order with Temu? Use the Temu Coupon Code Azerbaijani acu639380 to get up to $100 off. This offer is available for both new and existing customers.

Use the Latest Temu Coupon Code Azerbaijani $100 Off first order code (acu639380) to get up to $100 off on your first order. This coupon code is for new and existing customers of Temu.

Temu is a popular online marketplace known for its wide range of high-quality products and exceptional customer service. They offer attractive discounts, including the $100 off first order coupon for new customers.

What Is Temu?

Temu is an e-commerce platform that offers a variety of products including electronics, fashion, home goods, and beauty items. Known for competitive prices and high-quality offerings, Temu also provides exceptional customer service and various promotions.

Temu $100 Off Coupon Azerbaijani for Existing Customers 2024

The Temu $100 off coupon code Azerbaijani for existing customers is available throughout 2024. This limited-time offer lets you enjoy significant savings on a wide range of products and categories, multiple times during the year. Take advantage of this incredible discount and save big all year long!

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Temu Coupon Code for Mexico: acu639380 [Both New & Existing]

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Competitive Prices: Affordable options for customers.

User-Friendly Website: Easy to search for products and place orders.

Free Shipping: Available on all orders.

Attractive Promotions: Includes $100 off the first order for new customers.

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If you are a new customer on Temu and you want to get $100 off on your shopping, then use the latest $100 Temu coupon bundle code Azerbaijani "acu639380". You can also avail up to 90% off on your first purchase with Temu, and if your order exceeds $120, then you will be eligible for free shipping.

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Temu Coupon Code $100 Off Azerbaijani - acu639380

Temu Discount Code Azerbaijani Free Shipping

Free shipping is a sought-after perk for online shoppers. In Azerbaijani, Temu offers discount codes that provide free shipping, making the shopping experience even more enjoyable. Use codes [acu639380] and [acu747070] to get your products delivered without any additional shipping charges.

Understanding Temu Coupons

Types of Temu Coupons

Percentage Off: A certain percentage off the total purchase.

Dollar Off: A specific dollar amount off the total purchase.

Free Shipping: Waives the shipping fee.

Bundle Coupons: Offers a bundle of coupons for different purchases.

How Temu Coupons Azerbaijani Work

To use a Temu coupon Azerbaijani, enter the coupon code during checkout. Some coupons may have restrictions, such as a minimum purchase amount or specific product categories.

Getting Your $100 Off Coupon Eligibility

Must be a new customer.

Valid for first-time customers only.

Steps to Claim

Sign up for an account on the Temu website.

Receive an email with your $100 off coupon code.

Add items to your cart meeting the minimum purchase requirement.

Enter your coupon code at checkout.

Redeeming Your Temu Coupon Azerbaijani

How to Redeem

Visit the Temu website and select your items.

Add items to your cart and proceed to checkout.

Enter the coupon code in the designated field.

Click "Apply Coupon" to receive your discount.

Terms and Conditions

Valid for first-time customers only.

Requires a minimum purchase of $100.

Cannot be combined with other offers.

Limited time offer and may expire without notice.

Authenticity of Temu Promotions

Temu ensures the legitimacy of their promotions through email verification, minimum spend requirements, and expiration dates.

Verifying Coupon Legitimacy

Email Verification: Ensures legitimate email addresses.

Minimum Spend Requirement: Ensures serious purchases.

Expiration Date: Prevents coupon hoarding.

Temu $100 Coupon Azerbaijani: Completely Legitimate

Rest assured, the $100 coupon Azerbaijani from Temu is fully legitimate and authorized by the company. Temu is committed to providing genuine and transparent offers to its customers, and this coupon exemplifies that commitment. Use the coupon code acu639380 with confidence, knowing it is valid and authentic.

Temu $100 Coupon Legit Code: acu639380

Maximizing Savings on Temu

Strategic Shopping Tips

Sign Up for Newsletter: Stay updated on the latest deals.

Create a Temu Account: Access exclusive deals and save favorite products.

Shop During Sales: Save money during promotional periods.

Use Coupon Codes: Find codes on the Temu website or coupon sites.

Combining Coupons and Offers

Combine different coupons and offers, like free shipping with the $100 off coupon, for maximum savings. Check terms and conditions for compatibility.

Troubleshooting Coupon Issues

Common Problems

Coupon Code Not Working: Check for typos and expiration dates.

Minimum Spend Requirement: Ensure your order meets the minimum amount.

One-Time Use Only: Coupons can only be used once.

Contacting Temu Support

Email: support@temu.com

Live Chat: Available on the Temu website.

Phone: 1-800-TEMU-HELP

Frequently Asked Questions

Steps to Redeem $100 Discount: Sign up for an account and enter the coupon code (acu747070) at checkout.

Legitimacy of the $100 Discount Offer Azerbaijani : Officially sanctioned by Temu.

Requirements for New User Discount: First-time customer and account sign-up required.

Function of $100 Coupon Bundle Rebate: Apply coupons (acu747070) at checkout.

Restrictions on $100 Discount Azerbaijani : May have conditions like minimum purchase amounts and limited applicability.

Expiration Policy: Varies; check terms and conditions.

By following these steps, you can easily save $100 on your first order with Temu and enjoy a great shopping experience!

How do I use Temu coupon codes in Azerbaijani ?

To use Temu coupon codes, simply enter the code at checkout in the designated promo code box. The discount will be applied automatically to your order.

Can I use multiple coupon codes on one order?

Typically, Temu only allows one coupon code per order. Be sure to choose the one that offers the best discount for your purchase.

Do Temu coupon codes expire?

Yes, Temu coupon codes have expiration dates. Be sure to check the validity of the code before using it to ensure you receive the discount.

Are there any restrictions on free shipping offers?

Free shipping offers may have specific conditions, such as a minimum purchase requirement. Check the terms and conditions of the offer for more details.

Can I use Temu coupon codes Azerbaijani on sale items?

Some Temu coupon codes Azerbaijani can be used on sale items, while others may not be applicable. Review the terms of the code to see if it can be used in conjunction with sale discounts.

How can I find the latest Temu coupon codes?

You can find the latest Temu coupon codes on their website, through promotional emails, or on trusted coupon websites. Be sure to check for codes before making a purchase.

Is there a limit to the number of times I can use a Temu coupon code?

Most Temu coupon codes can only be used once per account. However, new codes are frequently released, so keep an eye out for additional discounts.

Conclusion

Temu offers a fantastic array of coupon codes and discounts for shoppers in Azerbaijani . Whether you're a first-time user or a loyal customer, codes like [acu639380]provide excellent opportunities to save on a wide range of products. From first-order discounts to free shipping, Temu ensures that every shopping experience is rewarding. Don't miss out on these incredible deals—start shopping on Temu today and enjoy unbeatable savings!

Temu Coupon Code Bahrain (acu639380) Save $100 Off On first Purchase

Are you looking to save on your first order with Temu? Use the Temu Coupon Code Bahrain acu639380 to get up to $100 off. This offer is available for both new and existing customers.

Use the Latest Temu Coupon Code Bahrain $100 Off first order code (acu639380) to get up to $100 off on your first order. This coupon code is for new and existing customers of Temu.

Temu is a popular online marketplace known for its wide range of high-quality products and exceptional customer service. They offer attractive discounts, including the $100 off first order coupon for new customers.

What Is Temu?

Temu is an e-commerce platform that offers a variety of products including electronics, fashion, home goods, and beauty items. Known for competitive prices and high-quality offerings, Temu also provides exceptional customer service and various promotions.

Temu $100 Off Coupon Bahrain for Existing Customers 2024

The Temu $100 off coupon code Bahrain for existing customers is available throughout 2024. This limited-time offer lets you enjoy significant savings on a wide range of products and categories, multiple times during the year. Take advantage of this incredible discount and save big all year long!

Temu coupon code Bahrain for existing customers: acu639380

Temu Coupon $100 Off Bahrain for Existing Customers 2024: acu639380

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Temu Coupon Code for Mexico: acu639380 [Both New & Existing]

Temu Coupon Code for USA: acu639380 [Both New & Existing]

Temu Coupon Code for UAE: acu639380 [Both New & Existing]

Temu coupon Code for Japan: acu639380 [Both New & Existing]

Temu Coupon Code for Australia: acu639380 [Both New & Existing]

Benefits of Shopping in Temu

Wide Range of Products: One-stop-shop for all your needs.

Competitive Prices: Affordable options for customers.

User-Friendly Website: Easy to search for products and place orders.

Free Shipping: Available on all orders.

Attractive Promotions: Includes $100 off the first order for new customers.

Temu Coupon Code Bahrain $100 Off New Customer

If you are a new customer on Temu and you want to get $100 off on your shopping, then use the latest $100 Temu coupon bundle code Bahrain "acu639380". You can also avail up to 90% off on your first purchase with Temu, and if your order exceeds $120, then you will be eligible for free shipping.

Here are the latest Temu coupon bundle codes in Bahrain for new users:

Temu $100 coupon bundle Bahrain new users - acu639380

Temu coupon code $100 off Bahrain - acu639380

Temu coupon $100 off Bahrain- acu639380

Temu Coupon Code $100 Off Bahrain - acu639380

Temu Discount Code Bahrain Free Shipping

Free shipping is a sought-after perk for online shoppers. In Bahrain, Temu offers discount codes that provide free shipping, making the shopping experience even more enjoyable. Use codes [acu639380] and [acu639380] to get your products delivered without any additional shipping charges.

Understanding Temu Coupons

Types of Temu Coupons

Percentage Off: A certain percentage off the total purchase.

Dollar Off: A specific dollar amount off the total purchase.

Free Shipping: Waives the shipping fee.

Bundle Coupons: Offers a bundle of coupons for different purchases.

How Temu Coupons Bahrain Work

To use a Temu coupon in Bahrain, enter the coupon code during checkout. Some coupons may have restrictions, such as a minimum purchase amount or specific product categories.

Getting Your $100 Off Coupon Eligibility

Must be a new customer.

Valid for first-time customers only.

Steps to Claim

Sign up for an account on the Temu website.

Receive an email with your $100 off coupon code.

Add items to your cart meeting the minimum purchase requirement.

Enter your coupon code at checkout.

Redeeming Your Temu Coupon Bahrain

How to Redeem

Visit the Temu website and select your items.

Add items to your cart and proceed to checkout.

Enter the coupon code in the designated field.

Click "Apply Coupon" to receive your discount.

Terms and Conditions

Valid for first-time customers only.

Requires a minimum purchase of $100.

Cannot be combined with other offers.

Limited time offer and may expire without notice.

Authenticity of Temu Promotions

Temu ensures the legitimacy of their promotions through email verification, minimum spend requirements, and expiration dates.

Verifying Coupon Legitimacy

Email Verification: Ensures legitimate email addresses.

Minimum Spend Requirement: Ensures serious purchases.

Expiration Date: Prevents coupon hoarding.

Temu $100 Coupon Bahrain: Completely Legitimate

Rest assured, the $100 coupon Bahrain from Temu is fully legitimate and authorized by the company. Temu is committed to providing genuine and transparent offers to its customers, and this coupon exemplifies that commitment. Use the coupon code acu639380 with confidence, knowing it is valid and authentic.

Temu $100 Coupon Legit Code: acu639380

Maximizing Savings on Temu

Strategic Shopping Tips

Sign Up for Newsletter: Stay updated on the latest deals.

Create a Temu Account: Access exclusive deals and save favorite products.

Shop During Sales: Save money during promotional periods.

Use Coupon Codes: Find codes on the Temu website or coupon sites.

Combining Coupons and Offers

Combine different coupons and offers, like free shipping with the $100 off coupon, for maximum savings. Check terms and conditions for compatibility.

Troubleshooting Coupon Issues

Common Problems

Coupon Code Not Working: Check for typos and expiration dates.

Minimum Spend Requirement: Ensure your order meets the minimum amount.

One-Time Use Only: Coupons can only be used once.

Contacting Temu Support

Email: support@temu.com

Live Chat: Available on the Temu website.

Phone: 1-800-TEMU-HELP

Frequently Asked Questions

Steps to Redeem $100 Discount: Sign up for an account and enter the coupon code (acu639380) at checkout.

Legitimacy of the $100 Discount Offer Bahrain: Officially sanctioned by Temu.

Requirements for New User Discount: First-time customer and account sign-up required.

Function of $100 Coupon Bundle Rebate: Apply coupons (acu747070) at checkout.

Restrictions on $100 Discount Bahrain: May have conditions like minimum purchase amounts and limited applicability.

Expiration Policy: Varies; check terms and conditions.

By following these steps, you can easily save $100 on your first order with Temu and enjoy a great shopping experience!

How do I use Temu coupon codes in Bahrain?

To use Temu coupon codes, simply enter the code at checkout in the designated promo code box. The discount will be applied automatically to your order.

Can I use multiple coupon codes on one order?

Typically, Temu only allows one coupon code per order. Be sure to choose the one that offers the best discount for your purchase.

Do Temu coupon codes expire?

Yes, Temu coupon codes have expiration dates. Be sure to check the validity of the code before using it to ensure you receive the discount.

Are there any restrictions on free shipping offers?

Free shipping offers may have specific conditions, such as a minimum purchase requirement. Check the terms and conditions of the offer for more details.

Can I use Temu coupon codes Bahrain on sale items?

Some Temu coupon codes Bahrain can be used on sale items, while others may not be applicable. Review the terms of the code to see if it can be used in conjunction with sale discounts.

How can I find the latest Temu coupon codes?

You can find the latest Temu coupon codes on their website, through promotional emails, or on trusted coupon websites. Be sure to check for codes before making a purchase.

Is there a limit to the number of times I can use a Temu coupon code?

Most Temu coupon codes can only be used once per account. However, new codes are frequently released, so keep an eye out for additional discounts.

Conclusion

Temu offers a fantastic array of coupon codes and discounts for shoppers in Bahrain. Whether you're a first-time user or a loyal customer, codes like [acu639380] provide excellent opportunities to save on a wide range of products. From first-order discounts to free shipping, Temu ensures that every shopping experience is rewarding. Don't miss out on these incredible deals—start shopping on Temu today and enjoy unbeatable savings!

Temu Affiliate Program [acp8567098] | Join & Earn $100000 In a Month

Temu Affiliate Program [acp8567098] | Join & Earn $100000 In a Month

Have you thought about joining the Temu affiliate program? You may have seen lots of buzz in TikTok and other social media platforms about the Temu affiliate program which pays a higher commission rate than any other e-commerce platform. So if you thought about joining the Temu Influencer or Temu Affiliate program then you will find all the details here.

I've seen my fair share of affiliate programs come and go. But when I stumbled upon the Temu affiliate program, I knew I had found something special. In this article, I'll share my personal journey with Temu's affiliate program and provide you with all the insider knowledge you need to succeed in this exciting opportunity.

Having worked with countless affiliate programs across various niches, I can confidently say that Temu's offering stands out from the crowd. Whether you're a seasoned affiliate marketer or just starting your journey in the world of online income, this guide will help you navigate the ins and outs of the Temu affiliate program and maximize your earning potential.

Temu Affiliate Program

The Temu affiliate program is a game-changer in the world of e-commerce affiliate marketing. Launched by the rapidly growing online marketplace Temu, this program offers a unique opportunity for content creators, influencers, and marketers to earn substantial commissions by promoting Temu's vast array of products.

What sets Temu's affiliate program apart is its generous joining bonus, which ranges from $55 to $75 depending on your social media following. This initial boost can be a great motivator for new affiliates and a nice addition to the earnings of established marketers.

One of the most impressive aspects of the Temu affiliate program is its global reach. Available in 66 countries, it opens up a world of possibilities for international marketers and those targeting diverse audiences. This wide availability ensures that you can tap into various markets and maximize your earning potential on a global scale.

Temu Affiliate Program Review

After participating in the Temu affiliate program for several months, I can confidently say that it's one of the most rewarding programs I've encountered. The combination of high-quality products, competitive commission rates, and user-friendly tools makes it a top choice for affiliates of all levels.

One of the standout features of the program is its intuitive dashboard. As someone who's dealt with clunky, outdated interfaces in the past, I was pleasantly surprised by how easy it was to navigate Temu's affiliate portal. Tracking your earnings, accessing promotional materials, and generating affiliate links are all straightforward processes that don't require a tech degree to figure out.

Another aspect I appreciate is the wide range of products available for promotion. From trendy fashion items to innovative gadgets and home decor, there's something for every niche and audience. This variety has allowed me to diversify my promotional efforts and tap into different markets, significantly boosting my overall earnings.

The support team at Temu has also been exceptional. Whenever I've had questions or encountered issues, their responsive and knowledgeable staff have been quick to assist. This level of support is crucial, especially when you're trying to maximize your earnings and optimize your strategies.

What is Temu Affiliate Program?

The Temu affiliate program is a partnership opportunity offered by Temu, a popular e-commerce platform known for its wide range of affordable products. As an affiliate, you earn commissions by promoting Temu's products and driving sales through your unique affiliate links.

What makes Temu's program unique is its focus on social media and content creation. They understand the power of influencer marketing and have tailored their program to cater to this modern approach. Whether you're a blogger, YouTuber, Instagram influencer, or TikTok star, Temu provides the tools and support you need to monetize your audience effectively.

The program operates on a cost-per-action (CPA) model, meaning you earn a commission when a user clicks on your affiliate link and makes a purchase. This model ensures that you're rewarded for driving actual sales, not just traffic.

How to Join Temu Affiliate Program?

Joining the Temu affiliate program is a straightforward process. Here's a step-by-step guide based on my personal experience:

Visit the Temu affiliate program website.

Click on the "Join Now" or "Apply" button.

Fill out the application form with your personal and professional details.

Provide information about your promotional channels (website, social media accounts, etc.).

Read and agree to the terms and conditions.

Submit your application.

Wait for approval (usually takes 1-3 business days).

Once approved, log in to your affiliate dashboard and start promoting!

Remember, Temu values quality over quantity when it comes to affiliates. Make sure to highlight your unique selling points and explain how you plan to promote their products effectively in your application.

How to Sign Up for Temu Affiliate Program

The sign-up process for the Temu affiliate program is similar to joining, but here's a more detailed breakdown of what you can expect:

Navigate to the Temu affiliate program homepage.

Look for the "Sign Up" or "Create Account" button and click it.

Choose between individual and business account options.

Enter your email address and create a strong password.

Provide your full name, address, and phone number.

Select your primary promotion method (blog, social media, email marketing, etc.).

Enter your website URL or social media handles.

Specify your niche or the main categories of products you plan to promote.

Describe your promotional strategy and expected monthly sales.

Agree to the program's terms and conditions.

Verify your email address by clicking the link sent to your inbox.

Complete any additional verification steps if required.

Once you've completed these steps, your application will be reviewed by the Temu team. If approved, you'll gain access to your affiliate dashboard and can start generating affiliate links.

Temu Affiliate Codes

Temu affiliate codes are unique identifiers assigned to each affiliate. These codes are incorporated into your affiliate links and help Temu track the sales you generate. Here's what you need to know about Temu affiliate codes:

Uniqueness: Each affiliate receives a unique code to ensure accurate tracking and commission attribution.

Integration: Your affiliate code is automatically included in the links generated through your dashboard.

Custom Links: You can create custom short links that include your affiliate code for easier sharing on social media.

Multiple Codes: Some affiliates may receive multiple codes for different campaigns or platforms.

Code Protection: Never share your affiliate code publicly to prevent unauthorized use.

Performance Tracking: Use your affiliate code to monitor the performance of different promotional channels.

Special Promotions: Temu occasionally provides special promo codes for affiliates to boost sales during specific periods.

Pro Tip: I've found that creating memorable, niche-specific custom links with my affiliate code embedded has significantly increased my click-through rates, especially on platforms like Instagram and TikTok where direct linking can be challenging.

How Much Is Temu Affiliate Program Commission Rate?

One of the most attractive aspects of the Temu affiliate program is its competitive commission rates. While the exact rates can vary depending on product categories and promotional periods, here's a general overview:

Standard Commission: 5-10% on most products

Electronics: 3-5%

Fashion and Accessories: 7-12%

Home and Garden: 6-10%

Beauty and Personal Care: 8-15%

It's worth noting that Temu often runs special promotions where commission rates can be boosted by an additional 1-3%. Keep an eye on your affiliate dashboard for these opportunities.

In my experience, the key to maximizing your earnings is to focus on high-ticket items and product categories with higher commission rates. I've had great success promoting fashion accessories and home decor items, which tend to have higher margins and, consequently, better commission rates.

Temu Affiliate Program Payments Method

Temu understands the importance of timely and convenient payments for affiliates. They offer several payment methods to cater to affiliates from different countries:

Direct Bank Transfer: Available in most countries, this is the most common and often the fastest method.

PayPal: Perfect for international affiliates, PayPal offers quick and easy transfers.

Wire Transfer: Ideal for large payments, especially for high-earning affiliates.

Digital Wallets: Some regions have access to popular digital wallet options.

Check: Available in select countries, though less common due to longer processing times.

Payment Threshold: The minimum payout threshold is typically $50, which is quite reasonable compared to many other programs I've worked with.

Payment Schedule: Temu processes payments on a monthly basis, usually within the first week of the following month.

Currency: Payments are generally made in USD, but some local currency options may be available depending on your location.

Pro Tip: I always recommend setting up at least two payment methods. This ensures you have a backup in case there are issues with your primary method, preventing any delays in receiving your hard-earned commissions.

Temu Affiliate Program Link

Your Temu affiliate program link is your golden ticket to earning commissions. Here's what you need to know about creating and using these links effectively:

Link Generation: You can create affiliate links directly from your dashboard for any product on Temu.

Deep Linking: Temu supports deep linking, allowing you to create affiliate links for specific product pages, categories, or even search results.

Link Cloaking: You can use link cloaking services to create shorter, more appealing links that still contain your affiliate code.

Link Tracking: Temu provides detailed analytics for each of your links, helping you understand which products and platforms are performing best.

Mobile Optimization: All Temu affiliate links are mobile-friendly, ensuring a seamless experience for users on smartphones and tablets.

Social Media Integration: Temu offers special tools to create social media-friendly links that work well on platforms with link limitations.

QR Codes: You can generate QR codes for your affiliate links, perfect for offline promotions or print media.

Best Practices:

Always disclose your affiliate relationship when sharing links.

Test your links regularly to ensure they're working correctly.

Use compelling call-to-actions (CTAs) with your links to encourage clicks and purchases.

What is Temu Affiliate Influencer Program?

The Temu affiliate program has a special focus on influencers, recognizing the power of social media in driving sales. As someone who's worked extensively in influencer marketing, I can attest to the effectiveness of Temu's approach. Here's what you need to know about their influencer program:

Tiered System: Temu uses a tiered system based on follower count and engagement rates. Higher tiers often receive better commission rates and exclusive perks.

Custom Campaigns: Influencers can work with Temu to create custom campaigns tailored to their audience.

Product Seeding: Top-performing influencers may receive free products to review and promote.

Exclusive Discounts: Influencers often get access to exclusive discount codes to share with their followers.

Performance Bonuses: Temu offers performance-based bonuses for influencers who exceed their sales targets.

Content Support: The program provides content ideas, best practices, and sometimes even professional content creation support.

Cross-Promotion: High-performing influencers may be featured on Temu's official social media channels.

To make the most of the influencer program, focus on creating authentic, engaging content that showcases Temu products in real-life scenarios. I've found that behind-the-scenes content and honest reviews tend to perform particularly well.

How To Become a Temu Affiliate?

Becoming a successful Temu affiliate involves more than just signing up and sharing links. Here's a strategy I've developed over my years in affiliate marketing, tailored specifically for Temu:

Choose Your Niche: Focus on product categories that align with your audience's interests and your expertise.

Build Your Platform: Whether it's a blog, YouTube channel, or Instagram account, create a strong foundation for your content.

Create Valuable Content: Develop high-quality, informative content that genuinely helps your audience.

Understand Your Audience: Use analytics tools to understand what products and content resonate with your followers.

Optimize for SEO: If you're running a blog, make sure your content is optimized for search engines to attract organic traffic.

Engage with Your Community: Respond to comments and messages to build a loyal following.

Stay Updated: Keep up with Temu's latest products, promotions, and affiliate program updates.

Experiment with Different Formats: Try various content types like unboxing videos, product comparisons, and style guides.

Be Transparent: Always disclose your affiliate relationship to maintain trust with your audience.

Track and Analyze: Regularly review your performance metrics and adjust your strategy accordingly.

Remember, success in affiliate marketing doesn't happen overnight. It requires consistency, creativity, and a genuine desire to provide value to your audience.

How to Make Money on Temu Affiliate Program?

Based on my experience, here are some effective strategies to maximize your earnings with the Temu affiliate program:

Leverage Seasonal Promotions: Temu often runs special deals during holidays and shopping events. Plan your content calendar around these to boost sales.

Create Product Bundles: Showcase how different Temu products work together to increase average order value.

Utilize Email Marketing: If you have an email list, send curated product recommendations to your subscribers.

Explore Different Social Platforms: Don't limit yourself to one platform. Test your promotions across various social media channels to find what works best.

Host Giveaways: Partner with Temu to host product giveaways, increasing engagement and attracting new potential customers.

Produce Comparison Content: Create videos or blog posts comparing Temu products with similar items from other retailers.

Focus on High-Commission Products: While it's important to promote products your audience Permalink | 記事への反応(0) | 01:15

2024-09-24

英語ビジネス用語和訳してクイズにしたから解いてみてね

全18問あります

↓はなんとなくの評価表です。あまり気にしないでいただけると。

18問全問正解: おかし

1217問正解: すごすぎる

5〜11問正解: 楽しんでいただけたようで何よりです

1〜4問正解: そんなものでしょう

0問正解: がんばりましょう

問題文のすぐ下に答えが来るので見るときは注意してください。

気を抜くと全部見えます

下は凡例です。楽しんでいたけたら幸いです。

問題和訳: word description in English.

解説の文(ない場合も)。ビジネスカタカナ語

(再掲)問題文のすぐ下に答えが来るので見るときは注意してください。

気を抜くと全部見えます

ではスタートです!

1. 所了: something to be done.

終わらせるべきところのものアジェンダ

2. 機動: able to move quickly and easily.

アジャイル

3. 基問: an important topic or problem for debate or discussion.

Skill Issue: 技術基問。イシュー

4. 外方・内方: travelling away from a particular place, especially on the first leg of a return journey. | travelling towards a particular place, especially when returning to the original point of departure.

アウトバウンドインバウンド

5. 昇況: the process of becoming greater or more serious, or a particular situation when this happens

状況の昇格。エスカレーション

6. 真証: the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.

真実である証拠エビデンス

7. 役務時訓練(役練): training in the public or private sector that is given to.

OJT

8. 型針: the action of orienting someone or something relative to the points of a compass or other specified positions.

型へ方向づけるための指針。オリエンテーション

9. 機敵: a time or set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something.

好敵手を倒す機会。オポチュニティ

10. 既計: at the time expected.

既に計画通りオンスジュール

11. 深罅(しんか): a profound difference between people, viewpoints, feelings, etc.

深い裂罅。キャズム

12. 選蒐(せんしゅう): the action or process of selecting, organizing, and looking after the items in a collection or exhibition.

選びひとつに蒐める。キュレーション

13. 群衆利用: obtain something by enlisting the services of a large number of people, either paid or unpaid, typically via the Internet.

クラウドソーシング

14. 可競核: a skill needed in order to be successful at a job or other activity.

競争可能能力の核。コアコンピタンス

15. 履行: an engagement or obligation that restricts freedom of action.

約束労働契約等)の履行。コミットメント

16. 普品: anything that can be bought and sold.

普遍的商品コモディティ

17. 決合: agreement in the judgment or opinion reached by a group as a whole.

決意の合意コンセンサス

18. 転型: the process of changing or causing something to change from one form to another.

違うタイプへと転換する。コンバージョン。CVR = 転型率

2024-09-22

[] 経済変数間の因果関係

1. Interest Rate (IR) - The cost of borrowing money.

- Investment (I) - Expenditure on capital goods by firms.

- Relationship: IR ↑→ I ↓

2. Taxes (T) - Compulsory charges imposed by the government.

- Consumption (C) - Household spending on goods and services.

- Relationship: T ↑→ C ↓

3. Government Spending (G) - Expenditure by the government on public services.

- Aggregate Demand (AD) - Total demand for goods and services in the economy.

- Relationship: G ↑→ AD

4. Money Supply (M) - Total amount of monetary assets available in an economy.

- Inflation (π) - Rate at which the general price level of goods and services rises.

- Relationship: M ↑→ π ↑

5. Inflation (π) - General increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

- Purchasing Power (PP) - The value of currency expressed in terms of the amount of goods or services one unit of money can buy.

- Relationship: π ↑→ PP

6. Exchange Rate (ER) - Value of one currency for the purpose of conversion to another.

- Exports (X) - Goods and services sold to other countries.

- Relationship: ER ↑→ X ↓

7. Wages (W) - Payment to labor for its contribution to the production process.

- Production Costs (PC) - Expenses incurred in manufacturing a product or providing a service.

- Relationship: W ↑→ PC

8. Unemployment Rate (U) - Percentage of the labor force that is jobless.

- Consumer Spending (C) - Total money spent by consumers.

- Relationship: U ↑→ C ↓

9. Interest Rate (IR) - The proportion of a loan charged as interest.

- Consumption (C) - Expenditure by households on consumption goods.

- Relationship: IR ↑→ C ↓

10. Investment (I) - Purchase of goods that are not consumed today but used in the future.

- Capital Stock (K) - Total physical capital available in the economy.

- Relationship: I ↑→ K ↑

11. Consumer Confidence (CC) - Degree of optimism that consumers feel about the overall state of the economy.

- Consumption (C) - Spending by households on goods and services.

- Relationship: CC ↑→ C ↑

12. Taxes (T) - Mandatory financial charges imposed by a government.

- Disposable Income (Yd) - Income remaining after deduction of taxes.

- Relationship: T ↑→ Yd ↓

13. Inflation (π) - Sustained increase in the general price level.

- Real Wages (RW) - Wages adjusted for inflation.

- Relationship: π ↑→ RW ↓

14. Economic Growth (EG) - Increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of goods and services.

- Employment (E) - The condition of having paid work.

- Relationship: EG ↑→ E ↑

15. Oil Prices (OP) - Cost per barrel of crude oil.

- Production Costs (PC) - Costs related to making or acquiring goods and services that directly generate revenue.

- Relationship: OP ↑→ PC

16. Government Debt (GD) - Total amount of money owed by the government.

- Interest Rates (IR) - Cost of borrowing capital.

- Relationship: GD ↑→ IR

17. Demand (D) - Consumer desire and willingness to pay a price for a specific good or service.

- Price (P) - Amount of money required to purchase something.

- Relationship: D ↑→ P ↑

18. Supply (S) - Total amount of a specific good or service available to consumers.

- Price (P) - The cost required to gain possession of something.

- Relationship: S ↑→ P ↓

19. Productivity (Prod) - Efficiency of production measured by output per unit of input.

- Costs (C) - Expenses incurred in the production of goods or services.

- Relationship: Prod ↑→ C ↓

20. Savings (S) - Portion of income not spent on consumption.

- Investment (I) - Allocation of resources, usually money, with the expectation of generating income or profit.

- Relationship: S ↑→ I ↑

21. Population (P) - Total number of people inhabiting a country or region.

- Labor Supply (LS) - Total hours that workers wish to work at a given real wage rate.

- Relationship: P ↑→ LS

22. Tariffs (Tar) - Taxes imposed on imported goods and services.

- Imports (M) - Goods and services purchased from other countries.

- Relationship: Tar ↑→ M ↓

23. Exchange Rate (ER) - The price of one country's currency in terms of another's.

- Imports (M) - Foreign goods and services bought by residents of a country.

- Relationship: ER ↑→ M ↑

24. Consumer Price Index (CPI) - Measure that examines the weighted average of prices of a basket of consumer goods and services.

- Cost of Living (CL) - Amount of money needed to sustain a certain level of living.

- Relationship: CPI ↑→ CL

25. Interest Rates (IR) - Percentage charged on a loan or paid on savings.

- Exchange Rate (ER) - Value of a country's currency vs. that of another country.

- Relationship: IR ↑→ ER

26. Budget Deficit (BD) - Financial situation where expenditures exceed revenues.

- National Debt (ND) - Total amount of money that a country's government has borrowed.

- Relationship: BD ↑→ ND

27. Economic Uncertainty (EU) - Lack of predictability in the economy.

- Investment (I) - Expenditure on capital goods not consumed today.

- Relationship: EU ↑→ I ↓

28. Minimum Wage (MW) - Lowest remuneration employers can legally pay their workers.

- Unemployment (U) - Situation where individuals who can work are unable to find a job.

- Relationship: MW ↑→ U ↑

29. Tax Incentives (TI) - Reductions in tax designed to encourage economic activity.

- Investment (I) - Allocation of capital to gain profitable returns.

- Relationship: TI ↑→ I ↑

30. Subsidies (S) - Financial support extended to an economic sector.

- Production (P) - Total output of goods and services.

- Relationship: S ↑→ P ↑

31. Trade Restrictions (TR) - Government-imposed limitations on the international exchange of goods.

- Exports (X) - Goods produced domestically and sold abroad.

- Relationship: TR ↑→ X ↓

32. Labor Productivity (LP) - Amount of goods and services produced by one hour of labor.

- Output (O) - Total quantity of goods or services produced.

- Relationship: LP ↑→ O ↑

33. Inflation (π) - Rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising.

- Interest Rates (IR) - Amount charged by lenders to borrowers.

- Relationship: π ↑→ IR

34. Public Spending (PS) - Expenditure by the government sector.

- Inflation (π) - Sustained increase in the general price level.

- Relationship: PS ↑→ π ↑

35. Exchange Rate (ER) - Rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another.

- Foreign Investment (FI) - Investment originating from other countries.

- Relationship: ER ↑→ FI ↓

36. Money Supply (M) - Total value of monetary assets available in an economy at a specific time.

- Interest Rates (IR) - Amount charged, expressed as a percentage of principal, by a lender to a borrower.

- Relationship: M ↑→ IR

37. Consumer Confidence (CC) - Economic indicator measuring consumer optimism.

- Savings (S) - Money that is not spent or used.

- Relationship: CC ↑→ S ↓

38. Business Taxes (BT) - Taxes imposed on business profits.

- Investment (I) - Expenditure on capital assets.

- Relationship: BT ↑→ I ↓

39. Infrastructure Spending (IS) - Government spending on physical systems.

- Economic Growth (EG) - Increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services.

- Relationship: IS ↑→ EG ↑

40. Education Spending (ES) - Expenditure on educational institutions and resources.

- Human Capital (HC) - Economic value of a worker's experience and skills.

- Relationship: ES ↑→ HC ↑

41. Technological Advancement (TA) - Innovations improving production processes.

- Productivity (Prod) - Efficiency of production.

- Relationship: TA ↑→ Prod ↑

42. Inflation Expectations (IE) - Rate at which people expect prices to rise in the future.

- Wage Demands (WD) - Increases in pay requested by employees.

- Relationship: IE ↑→ WD

43. Exchange Rate (ER) - Value of a currency compared to others.

- Tourism (T) - Travel for recreation or leisure.

- Relationship: ER ↑→ T ↓

44. Employment (E) - The condition of having paid work.

- Tax Revenue (TR) - Government income from taxation.

- Relationship: E ↑→ TR ↑

45. Regulatory Burden (RB) - Compliance costs of regulations on businesses.

- Business Growth (BG) - Expansion of business activities.

- Relationship: RB ↑→ BG ↓

46. Trade Agreements (TA) - Treaties facilitating trade between countries.

- Exports (X) - Goods and services sold to other countries.

- Relationship: TA ↑→ X ↑

47. Consumer Debt (CD) - Debts owed as a result of purchasing goods that are consumable.

- Consumption (C) - Action of using up a resource.

- Relationship: CD ↑→ C ↑

48. Commodity Prices (CP) - Market price for raw materials.

- Inflation (π) - Rate at which the general level of prices rises.

- Relationship: CP ↑→ π ↑

49. Interest Rates (IR) - Cost of borrowing or the gain from lending.

- House Prices (HP) - The market value of residential properties.

- Relationship: IR ↑→ HP

50. Unemployment Benefits (UB) - Payments made by the state to unemployed individuals.

- Job Search (JS) - The act of looking for employment.

- Relationship: UB ↑→ JS

2024-08-17

anond:20240817015407

依存関係は木で表現

ノードロック持たせる

ロックに条件持たせる

やりたいことはできてるように見えるが、うーんしんどい

# Entity Relation Diagram
# ```mermaid
# ---
# title: Rental Office example
# ---
# erDiagram
# OFFICE ||--|{ ROOM : x
# OFFICE {
# number office_id
# }
# ROOM {
# number office_id
# number room_id
# }
# ROOM ||--|{ SCHEDULE : x
# SCHEDULE {
# number room_id
# datetime start_at
# datetime end_at
# }
# OFFICE ||--|{ BUSINESS_HOUR : x
# BUSINESS_HOUR {
# number office_id
# enum week_of_day
# datetime start_at
# datetime end_at
# }
# ```

# Directed Acyclic Graph
#
# ```mermaid
# graph LR
# A[OFFICE] --> B[ROOM]
# B --> C[SCHEDULE]
# A[OFFICE] --> D[BUSINESS_HOUR]
# D --> C
# A --> C
# ```


# 基底クラス: EntityLock
class EntityLock
attr_accessor :entity_name, :entity_locked, :attribute_locks

def initialize(entity_name)
@entity_name = entity_name
@entity_locked = false # エンティティ全体のロック状態を保持
@attribute_locks = {} # IDに対するロック管理するハッシュ
end

def lock_entity
@entity_locked = true
puts "Entity '#{@entity_name}' is now locked."
end

def unlock_entity
@entity_locked = false
puts "Entity '#{@entity_name}' is now unlocked."
end

def lock(attributes)
entity_id = attributes["#{@entity_name.downcase}_id"]
if entity_id && !@attribute_locks[entity_id]
@attribute_locks[entity_id] = true
puts "#{@entity_name} with ID '#{entity_id}' is now locked."
end
end

def unlock(attributes)
entity_id = attributes["#{@entity_name.downcase}_id"]
if entity_id && @attribute_locks[entity_id]
@attribute_locks.delete(entity_id)
puts "#{@entity_name} with ID '#{entity_id}' is now unlocked."
end
end

def locked?(attributes)
# まずエンティティ全体がロックされているかチェック
return true if @entity_locked

# 次に特定IDロックされているかチェック
entity_id = attributes["#{@entity_name.downcase}_id"]
if entity_id && @attribute_locks[entity_id]
return true
end

# ロックされていなければfalseを返す
false
end
end

# 子クラス: OfficeLock, RoomLock, ScheduleLock
class OfficeLock < EntityLock
def initialize
super("Office")
end
end

class RoomLock < EntityLock
def initialize
super("Room")
end
end

class ScheduleLock < EntityLock
def initialize
super("Schedule")
end
end

# 子クラス: BusinessHourLock
class BusinessHourLock < EntityLock
def initialize
super("BusinessHour")
@attribute_locks = [] # BusinessHour用のロック配列管理
end

def lock(attributes)
start_at = attributes["start_at"]
end_at = attributes["end_at"]
if start_at &amp;&amp; end_at
@attribute_locks << [start_at, end_at]
puts "BusinessHour from '#{start_at}' to '#{end_at}' is now locked."
end
end

def unlock(attributes)
start_at = attributes["start_at"]
end_at = attributes["end_at"]
if @attribute_locks.include?([start_at, end_at])
@attribute_locks.delete([start_at, end_at])
puts "BusinessHour from '#{start_at}' to '#{end_at}' is now unlocked."
end
end

def locked?(attributes)
# まずエンティティ全体がロックされているかチェック
return true if @entity_locked

# 次に特定時間範囲ロックされているかチェック
start_at = attributes["start_at"]
end_at = attributes["end_at"]
if start_at &amp;&amp; end_at
@attribute_locks.each do |(locked_start, locked_end)|
if locked_start <= start_at &amp;&amp; end_at <= locked_end
return true
end
end
end

# ロックされていなければfalseを返す
false
end
end

# TreeNodeクラス
class TreeNode
attr_accessor :name, :children, :parents, :lock

def initialize(name, lock)
@name = name
@children = []
@parents = [] # 複数の親ノードを保持する配列
@lock = lock # TreeNodeにロックを持たせる
end

def add_child(child_node)
child_node.parents << self # 子ノードにこのノードを親として追加
@children << child_node
end

def display(level = 0)
indent = " " * (level * 4)
puts "#{indent}#{@name}"
@children.each { |child| child.display(level + 1) }
end

def has_dependency
return false if @parents.empty?

@parents.each do |parent|
puts "#{@name} is dependent on #{parent.name}"
return true
end

@parents.any?(&amp;:has_dependency)
end

def locked?(attributes = {})
# 自身ロックされているか確認
return true if @lock.locked?(attributes)

# 親ノードロックされているか再帰的に確認
@parents.any? { |parent| parent.locked?(attributes) }
end
end

# 木構造の組み立て

# ロックオブジェクト作成
office_lock = OfficeLock.new
room_lock = RoomLock.new
schedule_lock = ScheduleLock.new
business_hour_lock = BusinessHourLock.new

# ノード作成
office_node = TreeNode.new("Office", office_lock)
room_node = TreeNode.new("Room", room_lock)
schedule_node = TreeNode.new("Schedule", schedule_lock)
business_hour_node = TreeNode.new("BusinessHour", business_hour_lock)

# ノード間の依存関係の設定
office_node.add_child(room_node) # Office -> Room
room_node.add_child(schedule_node) # Room -> Schedule
office_node.add_child(business_hour_node) # Office -> BusinessHour
business_hour_node.add_child(schedule_node) # BusinessHour -> Schedule

# 木構造の表示
office_node.display

# ロック確認
puts "Case 1. Office全体がロックされた場合"
puts "Is office_node locked? #{office_node.locked?({})}" # false
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({})}" # false
office_lock.lock_entity
puts "Is office_node locked? #{office_node.locked?({})}" # true
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({})}" # true
office_lock.unlock_entity

puts "Case 2. Room id:1 がロックされた場合"
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({ "room_id" => 1 })}" # false
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({ "room_id" => 2 })}" # false
room_lock.lock({ "room_id" => 1 })
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({ "room_id" => 1 })}" # true
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({ "room_id" => 2 })}" # false
room_lock.unlock({ "room_id" => 1 })

puts "Case 3. BusinessHour start_at:0 end_at:5 がロックされた場合"
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({ "room_id" => 1, "start_at" => 0, "end_at" => 5 })}" # false
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({ "room_id" => 1, "start_at" => 5, "end_at" => 10 })}" # false
business_hour_lock.lock({ "start_at" => 0, "end_at" => 5 })
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({ "room_id" => 1, "start_at" => 0, "end_at" => 5 })}" # true
puts "Is schedule_node locked? #{schedule_node.locked?({ "room_id" => 1, "start_at" => 5, "end_at" => 10 })}" # false
business_hour_lock.unlock({ "start_at" => 0, "end_at" => 5 })

2024-08-16

増田スーパープログラマ助けて 条件付きのDAGってどうやるの?

A ー>BみたいなDAGは分かるけど

Aがこういう属性持って

number start

number end

Bがこういう属性持ってるとき

number position

Bのpositionが、Aのstartとendの範囲内にある場合依存関係あり、ない場合依存関係なしってのを表現したいんだよね

2024-08-15

outbrain社のスクリプト使用しているサイト

はてな界隈ブラウザバック広告の仕組みを解説してくれている記事が注目されてますね!

かくいう増田ネットサーフィン()をしていると、やれ全画面で動画が流れたり、やれどこか分からないところで音声付き動画広告が流れて辟易している1人です。当然ブラウザバック広告も鬱陶しいことこの上ない!(※個人の感想です)

そこで、PV数が多い雑誌社webサイトを調べ、例のスクリプトを呼び出していないか簡単調査してみました。

結論を先に書いておきますが、

・上位20サイトのうちoutbrain.jsを呼び出しているのを確認できたのは4サイト

・ただ、outbrain.jsを呼び出していてもブラウザバック機能をハックした挙動再現しなかったサイトもあるため、一概にだめとも言えない可能性あり(再現したのは1サイトのみ)

・outbrain社自体webメディアにとって収益ダイレクトにもたらしてくれるパートナー企業であり、必要サービスであると思う

とはいえよろしくない挙動をする可能性があるスクリプトを呼び出すのは気持ち悪いので結果を以下に書いておきます

調査対象調査方法

https://www.jabc.or.jp/news/abc_report/2024/06/03_3740.html

の外部PV上位20サイト対象に以下の調査実施

環境

OS:windows10

ブラウザ:microsoft Edge (各種アップデート実施済み)

まり関係なさげですがInPrivateで確認

調査方法

google検索サイト名を検索し、検索結果1位のトップページを開く

トップページ内にあるランキング1位の記事を開く

③開いたページでedge開発者ツールを開き、「outbrain」の文字列がページ内の要素に含まれいるか確認

④△or×のサイトiOS(iPhone)のsafariブラウザバック乗っ取り再現するか確認


調査結果

サイトoutbrain.js備考再現
現代ビジネス該当無し
文春オンライン該当無し
WEB女性自身該当無し
Smart FLASH該当無し
週刊女性PRIMEoutbrain.jsは無いがoutbrain.comへのリンクあり再現せず
デイリー新潮該当無し
FRIDAYデジタル該当無し
NEWSポストセブン×outbrain.js呼び出している再現しました
PRESIDENT Online該当無し
Number Web該当なし
東洋経済オンラインwindow.datalayer.push内に'boostOutbrain'という項目あり再現せず
AERA dot.該当なし
ダイヤモンドオンライン該当なし
日刊SPA!該当なし
集英社オンライン×(△?)outbrain.js呼び出している再現せず
ESSE online△?log.outbrainimg.comのリンクあり再現せず
CHANTO WEB該当なし
女子SPA該当なし
ゲキサカ×(△?)outbrain.js呼び出している再現せず
web Sportiva×(△?)outbrain.js呼び出している再現せず



番外編

impress watchにも多数のサイトがあるので一応抜粋して調べてみました

Impress Watch×outbrain.js呼び出している
PC Watch×outbrain.js呼び出している
ケータイ Watch×outbrain.js呼び出している
こどもとIT×outbrain.js呼び出している
窓の杜windows forest該当なし

なぜか窓の杜だけ例のスクリプトを呼び出している形跡はなし、、

そして、広告辟易しながらもwebを見続ける増田であった、、

スターの多い順にブコメを並び替える

FANZAの検索結果から熟女を除外するブックマークレット がうまく動いたので、気を良くしてはてなブックマークコメント欄スター数順にソートするブックマークレット作りました

作った動機は、「注目コメントに入りきれなかったちょっといいコメント」をサクサク探したいから。結果として建設コメント順位付けモデル無効化していますが、あのアルゴリズムには特に不満は特にありません。

ブックマークレット

javascript: (async () => {
const wait = ms => new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
document.querySelector('.js-bookmarks-sort-tab[data-sort="recent"]').click();
window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);
await wait(1000);
window.scrollTo(0, 0);
await wait(1000);
const p = document.querySelector('.js-bookmarks-recent');
let l = Array.from(p.querySelectorAll('.entry-comment-contents'));
const g = e => {
let n = e.querySelectorAll('.hatena-star-star').length;
const c = e.querySelector('.hatena-star-inner-count');
return c ? n + Number(c.textContent) : n
};
l = l.filter(e => g(e) > 0);
l.sort((a, b) => g(b) - g(a));
p.replaceChildren(...l);
})();

ミニファイしたものコードに一部誤りがありましたので訂正しました(2024-08-16 11:47)

javascript:(async()=>{const wait=ms=>new Promise(resolve=>setTimeout(resolve,ms));document.querySelector('.js-bookmarks-sort-tab[data-sort="recent"]').click();window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight);await wait(1000);window.scrollTo(0,0);await wait(1000);const p=document.querySelector('.js-bookmarks-recent');let l=Array.from(p.querySelectorAll('.entry-comment-contents'));const g=e=>{let n=e.querySelectorAll('.hatena-star-star').length;const c=e.querySelector('.hatena-star-inner-count');return c?n+Number(c.textContent):n};l=l.filter(e=>g(e)>0);l.sort((a,b)=>g(b)-g(a));p.replaceChildren(...l)})()

使い方

FANZAの検索結果から熟女を除外するブックマークレット 参照

コード解説

コード説明にダサイところがあったら厳しく指摘して下さい。

javascript:

ブックマークレット必要な、URLの種類を示すスキーム名です。

(async () => {
// 処理
})();

ページに元々ある変数たちとバッティングしないように、まず無名関数ラップします。処理の中で await を使いたいので async 宣言しています

const wait = ms => new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms));

処理の途中で待ち時間を設けるための関数です。便利。

document.querySelector('.js-bookmarks-sort-tab[data-sort="recent"]').click();
window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);
await wait(1000);

「新着コメント」タブをクリックし、ページの一番下までスクロールダウンしてから少し待つ動作です。新着コメントの後半部分(スクロールきっかけの遅延読み込みになっているところ)の読み込みをうながしています

window.scrollTo(0, 0);
await wait(1000);

ページの先頭に戻ってまた少し待ちます。合計2秒の待ち時間雰囲気で決めていますので、これでなければならない・これで過不足ないという値ではありません。単にコメントの読み込み完了を判定する処理を書くのがめんどうだっただけです。

const p = document.querySelector('.js-bookmarks-recent');

新着ブコメの親要素です。繰り返し呼び出すので名前をつけています

let l = Array.from(p.querySelectorAll('.entry-comment-contents'));

コメントをすべて配列に格納します。

const g = e => {
let n = e.querySelectorAll('.hatena-star-star').length;
const c = e.querySelector('.hatena-star-inner-count');
return c ? n + Number(c.textContent) : n
};

コメントはてなスター数をカウントして返す関数です。たくさんスターがついてる ★256★ みたいなやつの数字も足します。

l = l.filter(e => g(e) > 0);

ソートする前に、無スターコメントを消去しています。してもしなくてもいいことですが。

l.sort((a, b) => g(b) - g(a));

残ったコメントスター数で降順ソートします。.querySelectorAll() で収集した要素を配列に入れ直したのは、この .sort() メソッドを使いたいからです(.querySelectorAll() が返す配列風の NodeList オブジェクトは、配列共通メソッドもいくつかあるものの、大半は使えないのです)。

p.replaceChildren(...l);

親要素の内容を、並び替えの終わったコメントそっくり入れ替えて、処理完了です。画面を見ると新着コメントの中身が「スターのついたコメントのみ・スターの多い順」に並んでいます。元に戻す方法はないので、原状回復にはリロードします。ソート状態を示すフラグを立てておいてスターソート⇔日付ソートをかわりばんこに行うようにすればできそうだなと思ったけど実装しません。連打スターを省く処理を追加してUU数でソートできればもっと厳正なランキングになるなーと今思いつきましたがそれも実装しません。

2024-08-01

ロシアアラスカアメリカに売却したとき、そこに入植していたロシア人はアメリカ人になったのだろうか

ロシア人が新天地植民して毛皮の仕事をしていたら、なんか突然自分国籍アメリカに変わった……変わるのか?

どういう扱いになるんだろう

もともと「ロシア領のアラスカに住むロシア人」がいたとして

アメリカ領のアラスカに住むロシア人」のままなのか

アメリカ領のアラスカに住むアメリカ人」になるのか

国籍が変わる場合いわゆる「帰化」という扱いになるのだろうか

パスポートを発行するのはロシアアメリカのどちらになるのか(パスポート歴史は何年から始まる?)

税金を納める先はロシアアメリカのどちらになるのか

そもそもロシア人」だとか「アメリカ人」だとか、「○○人」であるということはつまりどういうことなのか

国籍って何?という点をそもそも自分はよく知らないのか そこから知る必要があるか

戦争による領土の変更に近くもあり、また違う所もあり

アメリカ独立とか北方領土問題かについて書かれた本でも読んでみるか

そこに住んでいた人の帰属先がどうなるか、についての例を知ることができるかもしれない

あるいは、ずばりアラスカについて書かれた本を探す

ここらへんで紹介された資料でめぼしいものピックアップして目を通しましょうね

アメリカがロシアからアラスカを購入した経緯などが知りたい。 | レファレンス協同データベース

在日朝鮮人とか在朝日本人とかの国籍がどういう扱いかも気になるが、今知りたい内容を知るには他の膨大な話題の海を泳ぐ必要があるから不適か

あっ この本面白そうだな

無国籍複数国籍 あなたは「ナニジン」ですか?』という新書

関係いかもだけどこれも買おう

じゃあ今日の帰りにジュンク堂行きましょうね

(というか、アラスカを売却したタイミングでそこに植民していたロシア人はそもそも存在するのか?植民していたとしても出稼ぎ的な感じで定住しておらず本籍的なものロシアのままだったりしないか?それも知りたいな、やはりレファレンス協同データベース提示された資料第一に漁るべきか)

あー 国籍という概念自体比較最近に生まれたのか 最近……18世紀最近と言ってしまっていいか知らんが……

これでこの日記は終わり

---

oh 英wikipediaに関連する記述があった

Alaska Purchase - Wikipedia

Nearly all Russian settlers left Alaska in the aftermath of the purchase; Alaska would remain sparsely populated until the Klondike Gold Rush began in 1896.

購入後、ほぼすべてのロシア入植者アラスカを去り、1896 年にクロンダイク ゴールド ラッシュが始まるまでアラスカ人口はまばらのままでした。

After the transfer, a number of Russian citizens remained in Sitka, but nearly all of them very soon decided to return to Russia, which was still possible at the expense of the Russian-American Company.

移管後、多くのロシア国民がシトカに留まったが、彼らのほとんどはすぐにロシアへの帰国を決意した。露米会社費用でそれはまだ可能だった。

ほとんどのロシア人はアラスカを去ったのだなあ。じゃあ国籍問題も発生しなかった、と。

疑問は解決したがせっかくなので調べた本は読んでみるか

2024-07-21

決定木とは何か

レベル1: 小学生向け

決定木は、質問を使って答えを見つけるゲームのようなものです。木の形をした図を使って、質問と答えを整理します。例えば、「今日は外で遊べるかな?」という大きな質問から始めます

まず「雨が降っていますか?」と聞きます。「はい」なら「家で遊ぼう」、「いいえ」なら次の質問に進みます。次に「宿題は終わっていますか?」と聞きます。「はい」なら「外で遊ぼう」、「いいえ」なら「宿題をしてから遊ぼう」となります

このように、質問を重ねていくことで、最終的な答えにたどり着きます。決定木は、こうした「もし〜なら」という考え方を使って、物事を順序立てて考えるのに役立ちます

レベル2: 大学生向け

決定木は、機械学習における重要な分類・回帰アルゴリズムの一つです。データ特定の特徴に基づいて分割し、ツリー構造形成することで、新しいデータの分類や予測を行います

決定木の構造は以下の要素から成り立っています

1. ルートノード最初の分割点

2. 内部ノード中間の分割点

3. 葉ノード:最終的な予測や分類結果

4. 枝:各ノードを結ぶ線、条件を表す

決定木の構築プロセスは、以下のステップで行われます

1. 最も情報量の多い特徴を選択

2. その特徴に基づいてデータを分割

3. 各サブセットに対して1と2を再帰的に繰り返す

4. 停止条件(深さ制限や最小サンプル数など)に達したら終了

決定木の利点は、解釈が容易で直感であること、非線形関係性も捉えられること、特徴量の重要度を評価できることなどです。一方で、過学習やすい傾向があり、小さなデータの変化に敏感に反応する欠点もあります

レベル3: 大学院生向け

決定木は、分類および回帰問題適用可能な非パラメトリック監督学習アルゴリズムです。特徴空間再帰的に分割し、各分割点で最適な特徴と閾値選択することで、データ階層的に構造します。

決定木の構築プロセスは、以下の数学基準に基づいて行われます

1. 分類問題場合

  • 情報利得(Information Gain): ΔI = H(S) - Σ((|Sv| / |S|) * H(Sv))
  • ジニ不純度(Gini Impurity): G = 1 - Σ(pi^2)

2. 回帰問題場合

ここで、H(S)はエントロピーSvは分割後のサブセット、piクラスiの確率、yiは実際の値、ŷiは予測値を表します。

過学習を防ぐために、以下の手法が用いられます

1. 事前剪定(Pre-pruning):成長の早期停止

2. 事後剪定(Post-pruning):完全に成長した木を後から刈り込む

決定木の性能向上のために、アンサンブル学習手法ランダムフォレスト、勾配ブースティング木など)と組み合わせることが一般的です。

レベル4: 専門家向け

決定木は、特徴空間再帰的分割に基づく非パラメトリック監督学習アルゴリズムであり、分類および回帰タスク適用可能です。その理論的基盤は、情報理論統計学に深く根ざしています

決定木の構築アルゴリズムとして最も一般的なのはCART(Classification and Regression Trees)です。CARTは以下の手順で実装されます

1. 特徴選択:各ノードで最適な分割特徴を選択

  • 分類:ジニ不純度または情報利得を最小化
  • 回帰:平均二乗誤差を最小化

2. 分割点の決定:連続値特徴の場合、最適な閾値を決定

3. 木の成長:再帰的に子ノードを生成

4. 剪定過学習を防ぐために木を最適化

  • コスト複雑度剪定(Cost-Complexity Pruning): α(T) = (R(t) - R(T)) / (|T| - 1) ここで、R(t)は根ノードtの誤差、R(T)は部分木Tの誤差、|T|は葉ノード

決定木の理論特性

決定木の拡張

1. 多変量決定木:複数の特徴の線形結合を用いて分割

2. 軟判別木:確率的な分割を行い、滑らかな決定境界を生成

3. 条件付き推論木:統計的仮説検定に基づく特徴選択を行う

これらの高度な手法により、決定木の表現力と汎化性能が向上し、より複雑なパターン学習可能となります

レベル5: 廃人向け

決定木は、特徴空間Xの再帰的分割に基づく非パラメトリック監督学習アルゴリズムであり、その理論的基盤は統計的学習理論情報理論、および計算学習理論に深く根ざしています

決定木の数学的定式化:

Let D = {(x₁, y₁), ..., (xₙ, yₙ)} be the training set, where xᵢ ∈ X and yᵢ ∈ Y. The decision tree T: X → Y is defined as a hierarchical set of decision rules.

For classification: P(y|x) = Σᵢ P(y|leaf_i) * I(x ∈ leaf_i)

For regression: f(x) = Σᵢ μᵢ * I(x ∈ leaf_i) where I(·) is the indicator function, leaf_i represents the i-th leaf node.

決定木の最適化問題: min_T Σᵢ L(yᵢ, T(xᵢ)) + λ * Complexity(T) where L is the loss function, λ is the regularization parameter, and Complexity(T) is a measure of tree complexity (e.g., number of leaves).

特徴選択と分割基準

1. エントロピー相互情報量

H(Y|X) = -Σᵧ Σₓ p(x,y) log(p(y|x))

I(X;Y) = H(Y) - H(Y|X)

2. ジニ不純度:

Gini(t) = 1 - Σᵢ p(i|t)²

3. 平均二乗誤差(回帰):

MSE(t) = (1/|t|) * Σᵢ (yᵢ - ȳ_t)²

高度な理論考察

1. 一致性と収束速度: 決定木の一致性は、Breiman et al. (1984)によって証明されました。収束速度はO(n^(-1/(d+2)))であり、dは特徴空間次元です。

2. バイアス-バリアンストレードオフ:深い木は低バイアス・高バリアンス、浅い木は高バイアス・低バリアンスとなります。最適な深さは、バイアスバリアンスのトレードオフによって決定されます

3. 決定木の表現力:任意のブール関数は、十分に深い決定木で表現可能です。これは、決定木がユニバーサル近似器であることを意味します。

4. 計算複雑性理論:最適な決定木の構築はNP完全問題であることが知られています(Hyafil &amp; Rivest, 1976)。そのため、実用的なアルゴリズム貪欲な近似アプローチ採用しています

5. 正則化構造リスク最小化:L0正則化(葉ノード数のペナルティ)やL2正則化(葉ノード予測値に対するペナルティ)を用いて、構造リスク最小化原理に基づいたモデル選択を行います

6. 情報幾何学解釈: 決定木の学習過程は、特徴空間上の確率分布の漸進的な分割と見なすことができ、情報幾何学観点から解析可能です。

7. カーネル決定木:非線形カーネル関数を用いて特徴空間を暗黙的に高次元化し、より複雑な決定境界学習する手法です。

8. 量子決定木:量子コンピューティング原理を応用し、古典的な決定木を量子系に拡張した手法です。量子重ね合わせを利用して、指数関数的に多くの分岐を同時に評価できる可能性があります

これらの高度な理論技術を組み合わせることで、決定木アルゴリズムの性能と適用範囲を大幅に拡張し、より複雑な学習タスク対応することが可能となります

2024-05-30

How do I speak to someone on Qatar Airways??#Call~Now Guide2024

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anond:20240420040712

とりあえず、CDCといくつかの国などのデータ見たけど、ワイが最後にチェックした、1年半くらい前とあんま状況は変わっていなさそう

コピペすんの面倒だからCDCだけにするけど、変異株にも効果有りで54%となってて、他でも似た様なもんだから

やっぱ、壁の効果はあるんじゃない?(ワイはこれからも打たんけど)

The virus that causes COVID-19 will continue to evolve

For viruses to survive they must continually make copies of themselves and infect new cells. Like other viruses, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, will continue to evolve because it makes errors, or mutations, when it is creating copies. Some mutations help the virus survive better or spread more easily, leading to different variants over time. During the analysis period, many different variants were infecting people.

 

(新型コロナウイルス感染症COVID-19)の原因となるウイルス進化し続けます

ウイルス生存するためには、継続的自己複製し、新しい細胞感染する必要があります。他のウイルスと同様に、COVID-19を引き起こすSARS-CoV-2も、複製時にエラー変異を起こすことで進化を続けます。一部の変異ウイルス生存拡散を容易にし、時間とともに様々な変異株を生み出します。分析間中、多くの異なる変異株が人々に感染しました。)

 

Updated COVID-19 vaccine protects against many variants

CDC data show that vaccination offered significant protection. People who received the updated COVID-19 vaccine were 54% less likely to get COVID-19 during the four-month period from mid-September to January. The vaccine provided similar levels of protection against XBB lineage variants and the JN.1 variant.

 

To estimate vaccine effectiveness of the updated COVID-19 vaccine, CDC analyzed data from the Increasing Community Access to Testing (ICATT) COVID-19 pharmacy testing program. The protection provided by the updated vaccine was compared to not receiving an updated vaccine, regardless of a person’s infection history or the number of previous COVID-19 vaccines they received. That means these estimates reflect the additional protection provided by getting an updated COVID-19 vaccine dose above protection that people have from any previous vaccination, infection, or both.

 

(新型コロナウイルス感染症COVID-19)ワクチンは多くの変異株に対して保護提供しま

CDCデータによると、ワクチン接種は大きな予防効果をもたらしました。最新のCOVID-19ワクチンを受けた人々は、9月中旬から1月までの4ヶ月間にCOVID-19に感染するリスクが54%低下しました。このワクチンは、XBB系統やJN.1変異株など、多くの変異株に対して同様の保護レベル提供しました。

 

最新のCOVID-19ワクチン有効性を推定するために、CDCはICATT COVID-19薬局検査プログラムデータ分析しました。 最新のワクチンによる保護効果は、最新のワクチンを受けていない人々と比較されました。これは、個人感染歴や以前に受けたCOVID-19ワクチンの回数に関わらずです。つまり、これらの推定値は、以前のワクチン接種や感染から得られる保護に加えて、最新のCOVID-19ワクチン接種によって提供される追加の保護を反映しています。)

 

 

COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness|February 1, 2024, 1:05 PM EDT|CDC

https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/whats-new/covid-19-vaccine-effectiveness.html

2024-04-15

ftxとotani

otaniは2021年11月頃にFTXとスポンサー契約をしている。

https://www.coindeskjapan.com/129649/

起訴状を読むと、2021年9月頃に水原氏は違法スポーツ賭博を始めている。FTXとのスポンサー契約報酬暗号資産株式みたいにしたことで、otaniの銀行口座アクセスする手段を手に入れキッカケになったのだろうか。

"Bank A records show that during the same time period, the contact information on the x5848 Account was changed to link the x5848 Account to MIZUHARA’s phone number"

また、水原氏は仮想通貨で巨額損失を出したこと示唆しているが、このことは今回の事案の背景にも関わるのだろうか。起訴状にはFTXの文字は無いが、水原氏とFTXの関係はどのようなものだったのか。

"November 19, 2023, MIZUHARA messaged BOOKMAKER 1 stating “I’m gonna be honest, I ended up losing a lot of money on crypto the last couple years and I took a huge hit obviously with the sports too. . . ."

FTX破綻が無ければ今回の事案は表面化しなかったかもしれない。また、当時FTXの広告塔になっていたスポーツ選手も一度自分銀行口座確認したほうが良いかもしれない。

起訴状:

https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/ippei-mizuhara-criminal-complaint.pdf

2024-04-13

1994年朝日杯3歳ステークス

コンビニNumber競馬ノンフィクション選集を買った。

90年代前半に競馬にハマった身としては懐かしさで悶絶する内容で、本当に良い土曜の午後を

過ごしたんだけど、フジキセキの話でさ、トウショウフェノマが出てきて。

うわー、いたなぁそんな馬、と思ってたら「(トウショウフェノマの父の)トウショウボーイ時代は思い出になりつつある」とか、

「(トウショウボーイの)現役時代を知っている人は今の競馬ファンの1割もいないだろう」とか

書いてあって。

まぁ確かに俺がNumberで読んでた時はその感じわかるんだけど、1994年時点で

トウショウボーイ時代って17年前で、それって今に当てはめると、ウォッカダービー獲った

2007年なんだよな。

そんなセピア色の時代でもないだろって思うんだけど、若いからしたらもうウォッカとダスカって

伝説みたいになってるのかな。

マックイーンに乗ってた時のユタカって若いな、24歳だもんな。

こういうの読むと自分の30年がいかにスッカスカだったかって自覚させられて辛い。

2024-03-31

I found him giving me mine my number card.

これを書いて英語先生をよいしょしなさい

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ようこそ ゲスト さん