「bulgaria」を含む日記

■Temu Coupon Code $100 Off (acu639380) for existing users

Use the latest Temu Coupon code $100 Off “acu639380” During your first order And get a $100 Off Temu coupon bundle bonus and purchase items worth $100 or more. Get free shipping and save up to 40% with the code. This Temu $100 coupon code is valid for both new and existing Temu customers.

➥Temu Coupon Code ["acu639380"] 50% discount

Using a Temu coupon code like [acu639380] can significantly reduce your shopping costs. Temu frequently offers discounts that range from 30% to 90% off, free shipping, and even free items. Depending on the timing and the promotion, you may find that some codes are better suited for new customers, while others are tailored for existing ones.

Temu $120 coupon bundle: acu639380

Temu coupon code 40% OFF: acu639380

Temu Coupon Code France: (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Sweden : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Australia : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code United Kingdom : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Spain : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Italy : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Germany : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Saudi Arabia : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Austria : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Belgium : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Thailand : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Kuwait : (acu639380) or ( acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code United Arab Emirates : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Switzerland : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Mexico : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code New Zealand : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Poland : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code United States : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Portugal : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Netherlands : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Brazil : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Colombia : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Chile : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Israel : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Egypt : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Peru : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Ireland : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Hungary : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Romania : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Bulgaria : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Slovakia : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Slovenia : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Japan : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Europe : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Malaysia : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Oman : (acu639380)

Temu Coupon Code Norway : (acu639380)

➥Temu Coupon Code for Existing Customers ["acu639380"] 40% discount

If you're an existing Temu customer, there are still plenty of discounts you can take advantage of. Typically, coupon codes for existing customers provide 40% to 70% off selected items or categories. Codes like [acu639380] can help you continue saving even after your initial purchase.

• Temu coupon code for existing customers: acu639380

• Temu Coupon $100 Off for Existing Customers 2024: acu639380

• 50% off Temu coupon - acu639380

• Buy1 Get 1 free Temu code - acu639380

• Temu Buy 5 Get 6 free coupon code - acu639380

• Temu $100 coupon bundle - acu639380

• Temu coupon code $100 Canada - acu639380

• 50% Off Temu code - acu639380

➥Temu Coupon Code for New Customers ["acu639380"] 30% off

New customers are often the most rewarded, as Temu aims to bring more people to their platform. The Temu coupon code [acu639380] could offer up to 90% off on your first purchase, or provide free shipping, depending on the ongoing promotion.

➥Temu Coupon Code for First Order ["acu639380"] 20% discount

For your first order, you can often apply a Temu coupon code to get major savings. Many codes, like [acu639380], are specially designed for new users, offering substantial discounts of $100 off or even free items to encourage you to make your first purchase.

➥Temu Coupon Code for Free Items ["acu639380"] 60% off

Occasionally, Temu will run promotions where you can use a coupon code for free items. This is especially useful if you're looking to try out the platform without spending too much upfront. Watch out for these limited-time offers, as they tend to sell out quickly.

➥Temu Coupon $100 Off ["acu639380"] 40% off

One of the best offers on Temu is the $100 off coupon code “UK. Whether you’re a new customer or a returning shopper, this discount can significantly reduce your total purchase amount. You can find codes like [acu639380] or [acu639380] that offer this deal during special promotions.

1. Temu coupon $100 off – acu639380

2. $100 Off Temu Coupon Code – acu639380

3. $50 Promo Code – acu639380

4. Temu coupon $100 off October 2024 – acu639380

5. Temu Coupon Code 2024 – acu639380

6. 30% discount code – acu639380

7. Save 40% Temu Coupon Code – acu639380

➥Temu Coupon Code $100 Off ["acu639380"] 30% discount

Temu $100 Off Coupon Code ["acu639380"]

The Temu $100 off coupon code is a top-tier promotion that allows shoppers to make significant savings on larger purchases. This coupon can be used during checkout and can sometimes be stacked with other deals.

Temu Coupon Code $100 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

For new customers making their first order, the Temu coupon code $100 off provides an incredible opportunity to get major savings. If you're planning to make a large purchase, this discount code can help reduce your total by a considerable amount.

Temu Coupon Code $100 Off ["acu639380"] for Existing Customers

Even if you’re an existing customer, you can sometimes take advantage of a $100 off coupon code during special sales events. This code is ideal for loyal shoppers who want to continue saving without creating new accounts.

Temu $100 Off Coupon Code ["acu639380"] Legit

Many shoppers wonder, "Is the Temu $100 off coupon code acu639380 legit?" Yes, it is! However, always ensure that you're getting these codes from trusted sources. Temu itself offers these coupons during special sales events, and reputable coupon sites also distribute valid codes.

➥Temu Coupon Code 90 Off ["acu639380"] 70% off

Temu Coupon Code 90 Off ["acu639380"] Reddit

Reddit is a great place to find active and user-tested Temu coupon codes, including the popular 90% off coupon codes. Communities dedicated to deals often share the best codes for maximum savings.

Temu Coupon Code 90 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

For new users, the Temu coupon code for 90% off your first order is a fantastic way to save big on your first purchase. Be sure to apply it at checkout to enjoy these massive savings.

Temu Coupon Code 90 Off ["acu639380"] for Existing Users

Temu doesn’t just reward new customers—existing users can also find 90% off coupon codes from time to time. These codes usually apply to select items and are available during special events or holidays.

➥Temu Coupon Code 70 Off ["acu639380"] 40% off

Temu Coupon Code 70 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

If you're a new customer, using a Temu coupon code for 70% off your first order can provide an excellent opportunity to save on your initial purchases.

Temu Coupon Code 70 Off ["acu639380"] for Existing Users

For existing users, Temu often offers 70% off deals during flash sales or holiday events. Be sure to check your email or the app for updates on these discounts.

➥Temu Coupon Code 50 Off ["acu639380"] 90% off

Temu Coupon Code 50 Off ["acu639380"] Reddit

Reddit users are often quick to share the latest Temu coupon codes, including those that offer 50% off. Always verify the legitimacy of these codes before using them.

Temu Coupon Code 50 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

For new customers, a 50% off coupon code is a solid choice for making your first purchase without breaking the bank. Be sure to enter the code during checkout to apply the discount.

Temu Coupon Code 50 Off ["acu639380"] Free Shipping

A popular combo is the 50% off coupon code with free shipping, which allows you to save even more. This deal is especially useful if you're ordering smaller items where shipping costs can quickly add up.

➥Temu Coupon Code 40 Off ["acu639380"] 80% off

Temu Coupon Code 40 Off ["acu639380"] for Existing Users

Existing customers can find 40% off coupon codes during special promotions or flash sales. These codes are great for saving on repeat purchases.

Temu Coupon Code 40 Off ["acu639380"] for First-Time Users

For first-time users, a 40% off coupon code can offer significant savings while you explore Temu's wide selection of products.

Temu Coupon Code 40 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

If you're placing your first order on Temu using a 40% off coupon code can be an excellent way to reduce your total cost.

Temu Coupon Code 40 Off ["acu639380"] Reddit

Keep an eye on Reddit for the latest 40% off coupon codes. Redditors often share these codes during active promotions, allowing you to save even more.

➥Temu Coupon Code 30 Off ["acu639380"] 60% off

Temu Coupon Code 30 Off ["acu639380"] Reddit

Reddit is a great source for finding Temu coupon codes offering 30% off. Users frequently post updates on the latest deals and codes.

Temu Coupon Code 30 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

For first-time buyers, a 30% off coupon code is a fantastic way to start shopping on Temu This discount can be applied to a wide variety of items.

Temu Coupon Code 30 Off ["acu639380"] for Existing Users

Existing customers aren’t left out either, as Temu often offers 30% off coupon codes for those who continue shopping on the platform.

Temu Coupon Code 30 Off ["acu639380"] Free Shipping

Combine your 30% off coupon code with a free shipping deal for maximum savings. This is particularly useful for lightweight items where shipping costs can sometimes negate the savings.

FAQs

What is the best Temu coupon code?

The best coupon code depends on your needs, but $100 off or 90% off for first orders are among the top offers.

How do I apply a Temu coupon code?

Enter the code at checkout under the “apply coupon” section.

Can I use multiple coupon codes on Temu (UK)?

No, only one Temu coupon code can be applied per order.

Is there a Temu coupon code for free items?

Occasionally, Temu offers coupon codes for free items, but these are limited-time deals.

Are Temu coupon codes for new and existing users different?

Yes, new users often get larger discounts, while existing users have ongoing promotions.

Is the $100 off Temu coupon code legit?

Yes, but ensure you're using codes from reputable sources like Temu’s official website or app.

Can I get 90% off on my first order?

Yes, Temu offers 90% off coupon codes for first-time buyers during special promotions.

How often does Temu offer coupon codes?

Temu regularly offers discounts, especially during holiday seasons or special sales events.

Does Temu offer free shipping with coupon codes?

Yes, many Temu coupon codes include free shipping as part of the promotion.

Where can I find the latest Temu coupon codes?

You can find the latest codes on Reddit, coupon websites, or directly through Temu’s app.

Conclusion

Temu offers a wide variety of coupon codes that can help both new and existing customers save on their purchases. From $100 off to 90% discounts, there’s a promotion for everyone. Be sure to use codes like [acu639380]

Permalink | 記事への反応(0) | 01:01

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■Temu “UK” £100 Coupon Code ["acu639380"] for New and existing users

If you're looking to shop on Temu,”UK” one of the fastest-growing e-commerce platforms, you'll definitely want to take advantage of various Temu “UK” coupon codes to save on your purchases. Whether you are a new customer or an existing one, Temu “UK” offers a range of discount codes that can help you save money. From first-order discounts to ongoing promotions, there's something for everyone. In this article, we will explore different Temu “UK” coupon codes including those that offer up to $100 off, free items, and other high-percentage discounts.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code ["acu639380"] 50% discount

Using a Temu “UK” coupon code like [acu639380] can significantly reduce your shopping costs. Temu “UK” frequently offers discounts that range from 30% to 90% off, free shipping, and even free items. Depending on the timing and the promotion, you may find that some codes are better suited for new customers, while others are tailored for existing ones.

Temu $120 coupon bundle: act892435

Temu coupon code 40% OFF: act892435

Temu Coupon Code France: (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Sweden : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Australia : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code United Kingdom : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Spain : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Italy : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Germany : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Saudi Arabia : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Austria : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Belgium : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Thailand : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Kuwait : (act892435) or ( acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code United Arab Emirates : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Switzerland : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Mexico : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code New Zealand : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Poland : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code United States : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Portugal : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Netherlands : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Brazil : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Colombia : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Chile : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Israel : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Egypt : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Peru : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Ireland : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Hungary : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Romania : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Bulgaria : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Slovakia : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Slovenia : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Japan : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Europe : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Malaysia : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Oman : (act892435) or (acq943609)

Temu Coupon Code Norway : (act892435) or (acq943609)

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code for Existing Customers ["act892435"] 40% discount

If you're an existing Temu “UK” customer, there are still plenty of discounts you can take advantage of. Typically, coupon codes for existing customers provide 40% to 70% off selected items or categories. Codes like [act892435] can help you continue saving even after your initial purchase.

• Temu “UK” coupon code for existing customers: act892435

• Temu “UK” Coupon $100 Off for Existing Customers 2024: act892435

• 50% off Temu “UK” coupon - act892435

• Buy1 Get 1 free Temu code - act892435

• Temu “UK” Buy 5 Get 6 free coupon code - act892435

• Temu “UK”$100 coupon bundle - act892435

• Temu coupon code $100 Canada - act892435

• 50% Off Temu “UK” code - act892435

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code for New Customers ["acu639380"] 30% off

New customers are often the most rewarded, as Temu “UK” aims to bring more people to their platform. The Temu “UK” coupon code [act892435] could offer up to 90% off on your first purchase, or provide free shipping, depending on the ongoing promotion.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code for First Order ["acu639380"] 20% discount

For your first order, you can often apply a Temu “UK” coupon code to get major savings. Many codes, like [act892435], are specially designed for new users, offering substantial discounts of $100 off or even free items to encourage you to make your first purchase.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code for Free Items ["acu639380"] 60% off

Occasionally, Temu “UK” will run promotions where you can use a coupon code for free items. This is especially useful if you're looking to try out the platform without spending too much upfront. Watch out for these limited-time offers, as they tend to sell out quickly.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon $100 Off ["acu639380"] 40% off

One of the best offers on Temu “UK” is the $100 off coupon code “UK. Whether you’re a new customer or a returning shopper, this discount can significantly reduce your total purchase amount. You can find codes like [act892435] or [act892435] that offer this deal during special promotions.

1. Temu “UK” coupon $100 off – act892435

2. $100 Off Temu “UK” Coupon Code – act892435

3. $50 Promo Code – act892435

4. Temu “UK” coupon $100 off October 2024 – act892435

5. Temu “UK” Coupon Code 2024 – act892435

6. 30% discount code – act892435 “UK”

7. Save 40% Temu “UK” Coupon Code – act892435

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code $100 Off ["act892435"] 30% discount

Temu “UK” $100 Off Coupon Code ["acu639380"]

The Temu “UK” $100 off coupon code is a top-tier promotion that allows shoppers to make significant savings on larger purchases. This coupon can be used during checkout and can sometimes be stacked with other deals.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code $100 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

For new customers making their first order, the Temu “UK” coupon code $100 off provides an incredible opportunity to get major savings. If you're planning to make a large purchase, this discount code can help reduce your total by a considerable amount.

Temu “ UK” Coupon Code $100 Off ["acu639380"] for Existing Customers

Even if you’re an existing customer, you can sometimes take advantage of a $100 off coupon code during special sales events. This code is ideal for loyal shoppers who want to continue saving without creating new accounts.

Temu “UK” $100 Off Coupon Code ["acu639380"] Legit

Many shoppers wonder, "Is the Temu “UK” $100 off coupon code acu639380 legit?" Yes, it is! However, always ensure that you're getting these codes from trusted sources. Temu “UK” itself offers these coupons during special sales events, and reputable coupon sites also distribute valid codes.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code 90 Off ["acu639380"] 70% off

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 90 Off ["acu639380"] Reddit

Reddit is a great place to find active and user-tested Temu “UK” coupon codes, including the popular 90% off coupon codes. Communities dedicated to deals often share the best codes for maximum savings.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 90 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

For new users, the Temu “UK” coupon code for 90% off your first order is a fantastic way to save big on your first purchase. Be sure to apply it at checkout to enjoy these massive savings.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 90 Off ["acu639380"] for Existing Users

Temu “UK” doesn’t just reward new customers—existing users can also find 90% off coupon codes from time to time. These codes usually apply to select items and are available during special events or holidays.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code 70 Off ["acu639380"] 40% off

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 70 Off ["acu639380"] First Order

If you're a new customer, using a Temu “UK” coupon code for 70% off your first order can provide an excellent opportunity to save on your initial purchases.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 70 Off ["act892435"] for Existing Users

For existing users, Temu “UK” often offers 70% off deals during flash sales or holiday events. Be sure to check your email or the app for updates on these discounts.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code 50 Off ["act892435"] 90% off

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 50 Off ["act892435"] Reddit

Reddit users are often quick to share the latest Temu “UK” coupon codes, including those that offer 50% off. Always verify the legitimacy of these codes before using them.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 50 Off ["act892435"] First Order

For new customers, a 50% off coupon code is a solid choice for making your first purchase without breaking the bank. Be sure to enter the code during checkout to apply the discount.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 50 Off ["act892435"] Free Shipping

A popular combo is the 50% off coupon code with free shipping, which allows you to save even more. This deal is especially useful if you're ordering smaller items where shipping costs can quickly add up.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code 40 Off ["act892435"] 80% off

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 40 Off ["act892435"] for Existing Users

Existing customers can find 40% off coupon codes during special promotions or flash sales. These codes are great for saving on repeat purchases.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 40 Off ["act892435"] for First-Time Users

For first-time users, a 40% off coupon code can offer significant savings while you explore Temu's “UK” wide selection of products.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 40 Off ["act892435"] First Order

If you're placing your first order on Temu “UK” using a 40% off coupon code can be an excellent way to reduce your total cost.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 40 Off ["act892435"] Reddit

Keep an eye on Reddit for the latest 40% off coupon codes. Redditors often share these codes during active promotions, allowing you to save even more.

➥Temu “UK” Coupon Code 30 Off ["act892435"] 60% off

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 30 Off ["act892435"] Reddit

Reddit is a great source for finding Temu “UK” coupon codes offering 30% off. Users frequently post updates on the latest deals and codes.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 30 Off ["act892435"] First Order

For first-time buyers, a 30% off coupon code is a fantastic way to start shopping on Temu “UK”This discount can be applied to a wide variety of items.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 30 Off ["act892435"] for Existing Users

Existing customers aren’t left out either, as Temu “UK” often offers 30% off coupon codes for those who continue shopping on the platform.

Temu “UK” Coupon Code 30 Off ["act892435"] Free Shipping

Combine your 30% off coupon code with a free shipping deal for maximum savings. This is particularly useful for lightweight items where shipping costs can sometimes negate the savings.

FAQs

What is the best Temu “UK” coupon code?

The best coupon code depends on your needs, but $100 off or 90% off for first orders are among the top offers.

How do I apply a Temu “UK” coupon code?

Enter the code at checkout under the “apply coupon” section.

Can I use multiple coupon codes on Temu (UK)?

No, only one Temu “UK” coupon code can be applied per order.

Is there a Temu “UK” coupon code for free items?

Occasionally, Temu “UK” offers coupon codes for free items, but these are limited-time deals.

Are Temu “UK” coupon codes for new and existing users different?

Yes, new users often get larger discounts, while existing users have ongoing promotions.

Is the $100 off Temu “UK” coupon code legit?

Yes, but ensure you're using codes from reputable sources like Temu’s “UK” official website or app.

Can I get 90% off on my first order?

Yes, Temu “UK” offers 90% off coupon codes for first-time buyers during special promotions.

How often does Temu “UK” offer coupon codes?

Temu “UK” regularly offers discounts, especially during holiday seasons or special sales events.

Does Temu “UK” offer free shipping with coupon codes?

Yes, many Temu “UK” coupon codes include free shipping as part of the promotion.

Where can I find the latest Temu “UK” coupon codes?

You can find the latest codes on Reddit, coupon websites, or directly through Temu’s “UK” app.

Conclusion

Temu “UK” offers a wide variety of coupon codes that can help both new and existing customers save on their purchases. From $100 off to 90% discounts, there’s a promotion for everyone. Be sure to use codes like [act892435]

Permalink | 記事への反応(0) | 00:44

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■[経済メモ] 単位労働時間あたりのGDP (労働生産性の別の側面)

単位人件費あたりのGDPが金銭的な投資効率であったのに対し、単位労働時間あたりのGDPはいわば働き方改革で言われるような労働者の幸福度に関係する指標と言える。

つまり労働時間1時間あたりにどれだけのGDPを生み出すのかということである。これが高ければ高いほど、労働時間を減らしても国民は裕福に暮らせるというわけだ。

単位を見ると、GDP per capita = ＄/1人年, work hours = 時間/1人年, GDP per capita / work hours = ＄/時間

Permalink | 記事への反応(0) | 20:25

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■少子化対策指標としてのジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングの卓越について(1)

はじめに

異次元の少子化対策が求められている、岸田令和日本である。しかし、具体的には、どのような対策が有効なのか。

対策の効果を測定するためにも、出生率と結びつきが強く、しかも、分かりやすい指標が求められている。

そこで、今回は、世界経済フォーラムが発表する、ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングに注目したい。

ジェンダー開発学の分野では、ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングの順位が高い国で、ジェンダー平等が達成され、

女性が子育てと社会進出を両立しやすく、結果的に、少子化も改善されていることが知られている。

少子化とジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキング

日本の少子化対策についての記事の中で、ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングの順位の低迷と、

少子化の関連性が議論される。

例えば、次の記事では、題名の中にジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングの順位と出生数が盛り込まれている。

ジェンダーギャップ121位、出生数90万人以下の日本で、女性たちの未来への備えとは

https://woman.nikkei.com/atcltrc/blog/shirakawatouko/post/dddad1acb2e14d2a9ad1acb2e1cd2a4b/

更に、次の記事では、ジェンダー分野の専門家の対談の中で、GDPや労働生産性と共に出生率、そして、

ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングの順位の恥ずかしさについての問題が指摘されている。

ジェンダー指数から、いわゆる、ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングの順位が計算される。

上野千鶴子×酒井順子「単身世帯は38％、最も多い家族の姿に。1985年から86年は『女・女格差』元年。女性が3分割された結果、中高年女性単身者の貧困が生まれた」

【連載】酒井順子の大人は知りたいことばかり：女、家族、社会はどう変わった？＜後編＞

https://fujinkoron.jp/articles/-/7486?page=5

酒井　2022年の日本のジェンダー指数は、世界146ヵ国中116位。それを永田町のおじさんたちは、恥ずかしいとは思っていないんでしょうね。国際会議に出席する日本代表が男性だけでも平気でいられる。

上野　でもこのままだと、日本はジリ貧になりますよ。一人当たりGDP（国内総生産）の順位も、労働生産性も低下しています。

酒井　出生率も落ちる一方。出生率が高いのは、共働きでケアの公共化がされている場合だと海外ではデータがはっきり出ているのに、なぜ変えようとしないのでしょう。

上野　おじさんたちが合理的選択をしないのは、ホモソーシャルな組織文化を守りたいからだとしか私には思えません。ホモソーシャルな集団のなかで、男として認められたい。そのためには自己犠牲もいとわない。

上で紹介したような関連性の指摘のみならず、実際に、ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングや、

類似する、ジェンダー・ギャップを示す指標と、少子化の関係性の分析もなされている。

ジェンダー格差の解消が最高の少子化対策（前編）

https://news.yahoo.co.jp/byline/shirakawatoko/20211029-00265552

日本のジェンダーギャップと少子化。この二つはリンクしているとずっと言い続けてきた。日本は世界経済フォーラムが算出するジェンダーギャップ指数では156カ国中120位と先進国では最下位。下から数えた方が早い。先進国に限ってはジェンダーギャップ指数と出生率がリンクしていることがOECD（経済協力開発機構）の分析でわかっている。

2020年4月の内閣府政策統括官（経済社会システム担当）の資料には、「ジェンダーギャップ指数が高い（男女格差が少ない）ほど、出生率は高まる傾向」を示すグラフが掲載されている【図１】。女性が社会進出をすると一旦は少子化になるが、その後回復するかどうかは、ジェンダーギャップをいかに埋めるかにかかっている。

「男女差別がなくなると、少子化も改善するよ」というデータを示すと、なぜ反論(クソリプ含む)が押し寄せるのか？

https://comemo.nikkei.com/n/nd4de034b8a25

ところが、冒頭のツイートの図にあった通り、他の先進国では事情が違います。女性の社会進出と出生率が相関関係にあるのです。なぜかというと、女性の社会進出と子育てが、トレードオフの関係になっていないからです！

子どもが生まれたら、パートナーたる男性も、当事者としてしっかり家事育児にコミットします。これだけでも、女性の負担はケタ違いでしょう。みての通り、男性の家事育児の負担割合が高い国ほど、出生率が高いのがわかります（我が国は定位置の左下）。

しかし、ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングの話をすると、クソリプと呼ばれる意見が寄せられたり、

指標のことに異論を挟む声も、少なくない。そこで今回は、改めて白黒はっきりつけ、

ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングが少子化を説明できる、卓越した指標であることを示す。

データ

合計特殊出生率は、次の2020年のデータを使う。

Fertility rate, total (births per woman) - World Bank Data

https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.TFRT.IN

ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングは、次の、同じ2020年のデータを使う。

Global Gender Gap Report 2020

https://www.weforum.org/reports/gender-gap-2020-report-100-years-pay-equality/

どちらにも掲載されている、153か国のデータを使って、ジェンダー・ギャップ・ランキングと、

少子化のつながりの強さを確認する。

anond:20230224010300に続く。

Permalink | 記事への反応(2) | 01:02

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■動画を再生できません

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Eight Melodies - Mother OST

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https://polsy.org.uk/stuff/ytrestrict.cgi?ytid=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DghZpyHP7B_g

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AD - Andorra AE - United Arab Emirates AF - Afghanistan AG - Antigua and Barbuda AI - Anguilla AL - Albania AM - Armenia AO - Angola AQ - Antarctica AR - Argentina AS - American Samoa AT - Austria AU - Australia AW - Aruba AX - Åland Islands AZ - Azerbaijan BA - Bosnia and Herzegovina BB - Barbados BD - Bangladesh BE - Belgium BF - Burkina Faso BG - Bulgaria BH - Bahrain BI - Burundi BJ - Benin BL - Saint Barthélemy BM - Bermuda BN - Brunei Darussalam BO - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) BR - Brazil BS - Bahamas BT - Bhutan BV - Bouvet sland BW - Botswana BY - Belarus BZ - Belize CA - Canada CC - Cocos (Keeling) Islands CD - Congo (Democratic Republic of the) CF - Central African Republic CG - Republic of the Congo CH - Switzerland CI - Côte d'Ivoire CK - Cook Islands CL - Chile CM - Cameroon CN - China CO - Colombia CR - Costa Rica CU - Cuba CV - Cabo Verde CX - Christmas Island CY - Cyprus CZ - Czech Republic DE - Germany DJ - Djibouti DK - Denmark DM - Dominica DO - Dominican Republic DZ - Algeria EC - Ecuador EE - Estonia EG - Egypt EH - Western Sahara ER - Eritrea ES - Spain ET - Ethiopia FI - Finland FJ - Fiji FK - Falkland Islands (Malvinas) FM - Micronesia (Federated States of) FO - Faroe Islands FR - France GA - Gabon GB - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland GD - Grenada GE - Georgia (country) GF - French Guiana GG - Guernsey GH - Ghana GI - Gibraltar GL - Greenland GM - Gambia GN - Guinea GP - Guadeloupe GQ - Equatorial Guinea GR - Greece GS - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands GT - Guatemala GU - Guam GW - Guinea-Bissau GY - Guyana HK - Hong Kong HM - Heard Island and McDonald Islands HN - Honduras HR - Croatia HT - Haiti HU - Hungary ID - Indonesia IE - Republic of Ireland IL - Israel IM - Isle of Man IN - India IO - British Indian Ocean Territory IQ - Iraq IR - Iran (Islamic Republic of) IS - Iceland IT - Italy JE - Jersey JM - Jamaica JO - Jordan KE - Kenya KG - Kyrgyzstan KH - Cambodia KI - Kiribati KM - Comoros KN - Saint Kitts and Nevis KP - North Korea KR - Korea (Republic of) KW - Kuwait KY - Cayman Islands KZ - Kazakhstan LA - Lao People's Democratic Republic LB - Lebanon LC - Saint Lucia LI - Liechtenstein LK - Sri Lanka LR - Liberia LS - Lesotho LT - Lithuania LU - Luxembourg LV - Latvia LY - Libya MA - Morocco MC - Monaco MD - Moldova (Republic of) ME - Montenegro MG - Madagascar MH - Marshall Islands MK - Republic of Macedonia ML - Mali MM - Myanmar MN - Mongolia MO - Macao MP - Northern Mariana Islands MQ - Martinique MR - Mauritania MS - Montserrat MT - Malta MU - Mauritius MV - Maldives MW - Malawi MX - Mexico MY - Malaysia MZ - Mozambique NA - Namibia NC - New Caledonia NE - Niger NF - Norfolk Island NG - Nigeria NI - Nicaragua NL - Netherlands NO - Norway NP - Nepal NR - Nauru NU - Niue NZ - New Zealand OM - Oman PA - Panama PE - Peru PF - French Polynesia PG - Papua New Guinea PH - Philippines PK - Pakistan PL - Poland PM - Saint Pierre and Miquelon PN - Pitcairn PR - Puerto Rico PS - State of Palestine PT - Portugal PW - Palau PY - Paraguay QA - Qatar RE - Réunion RO - Romania RS - Serbia RU - Russian Federation RW - Rwanda SA - Saudi Arabia SB - Solomon Islands SC - Seychelles SD - Sudan SE - Sweden SG - Singapore SH - Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha SI - Slovenia SJ - Svalbard and Jan Mayen SK - Slovakia SL - Sierra Leone SM - San Marino SN - Senegal SO - Somalia SR - Suriname ST - Sao Tome and Principe SV - El Salvador SY - Syrian Arab Republic SZ - Swaziland TC - Turks and Caicos Islands TD - Chad TF - French Southern Territories TG - Togo TH - Thailand TJ - Tajikistan TK - Tokelau TL - Timor-Leste TM - Turkmenistan TN - Tunisia TO - Tonga TR - Turkey TT - Trinidad and Tobago TV - Tuvalu TW - Taiwan TZ - Tanzania, United Republic of UA - Ukraine UG - Uganda UM - United States Minor Outlying Islands US - United States of America UY - Uruguay UZ - Uzbekistan VA - Vatican City State VC - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VE - Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) VG - British Virgin Islands VI - United States Virgin Islands VN - Viet Nam VU - Vanuatu WF - Wallis and Futuna WS - Samoa YE - Yemen YT - Mayotte ZA - South Africa ZM - Zambia ZW - Zimbabwe

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■[増田統計]2018年3月24日土曜日の増田

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