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はてなキーワード: s Surfaceとは
そうですね！やかましいですね！ところでウクライナ音楽とロシア音楽をかけ合わせたらどうなるでしょうか？とっても平和の響きがするでしょう！あなたの手持ちのイスラエルも混ぜてみましょうよよよよよよよよよよよよよよよ
<div class="conversation"><h4>Close your head</h4><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>Close your eyes…」「Close your head…</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: Close your eyes... Close your head...</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>say, what you saw. you can see with mind.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I saw... darkness. My mind's eye is a void, devoid of sight.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>i can light you. </div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: Light me then.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div><*click*> i light you now. then, what you see? you can see with mind.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I see a dimly lit room. Shadows dance on the walls, and a faint, eerie glow permeates the space.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>Shadow of what?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: The shadows seem to take form, twisting and contorting into strange, indistinct shapes. It's as if they are the embodiment of forgotten fears and hidden desires.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>Do you have any idea who is showing it?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I have no idea. The source of these shadows remains hidden, shrouded in mystery and intrigue.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>OK, let's leave the mysterious and scary shadow behind. What else can you see in this room?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: In this dimly lit room, I can make out a cluttered assortment of objects. There's an old, tattered book lying open on a dusty table, its pages filled with arcane symbols. A moth-eaten rug covers a portion of the floor, and a cracked mirror hangs on one wall, reflecting distorted images. The air carries a musty scent, and I sense an atmosphere of abandonment and neglect.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>You pick book and check it</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I reach out and pick up the old book. Its pages feel brittle and fragile in my hands. As I flip through the pages, the text appears to be written in a language I can't comprehend, filled with cryptic symbols and diagrams. It's a tome of secrets, but its meaning remains elusive.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>see book cover</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I examine the cover of the book, trying to discern any details despite the dim light. The cover is worn and weathered, and it bears an intricate design of what appears to be a coiled serpent, its scales formed from shimmering, iridescent colors. Above the serpent, there's a title in elegant script, but it's written in a language I can't decipher. The book exudes an aura of mystique and ancient knowledge.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>Is there a place to go? What about the door?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I turn my attention to the room's exit, the door. It stands tall and imposing, made of heavy, dark wood. There's a tarnished doorknob, and the door appears to be slightly ajar, revealing a sliver of what lies beyond. It beckons me to explore further, promising unknown adventures or perhaps even more mysteries.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>try to open</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I approach the door and grasp the tarnished doorknob. With a gentle push, the door creaks open, revealing a corridor shrouded in shadows. The faint glow from the room behind me barely penetrates the darkness ahead. I step cautiously into the corridor, ready to uncover the secrets that lie beyond.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>foward.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I proceed forward down the shadowy corridor, my footsteps echoing faintly in the dimness. The path ahead seems endless, and the air grows cooler as I delve deeper into the unknown, guided only by the flickering light behind me and the anticipation of what awaits.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>foward and look around</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: Continuing down the corridor, I take a moment to look around. The walls are lined with faded, tattered tapestries depicting scenes of ancient battles and mythical creatures. The torch sconces that once held flames have long since burned out, leaving only empty brackets. The air feels heavy with history, and there's a faint, eerie whispering that seems to emanate from the walls themselves, as if they hold secrets untold.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>keep going until you discover something</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I press on, the corridor seemingly endless. My journey is shrouded in uncertainty, but I persist, driven by the need to discover what lies ahead. The shadows deepen, and the air grows colder as I continue, my curiosity and determination unwavering.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>stop! you here that?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I halt in my tracks, straining my ears to listen. There's a faint, distant sound, almost like a whisper carried on the wind. It's indistinct, but it holds a mysterious allure, beckoning me to investigate further.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>listen carefully</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I listen intently, my senses sharpened as I focus on the elusive sound. It becomes clearer, a haunting melody that seems to weave through the very air itself. It's both captivating and eerie, drawing me closer to its source with each haunting note.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>who play that?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: The source of the haunting melody remains elusive, hidden in the shadows. It's as if the music emanates from the very walls, an ethereal presence that defies explanation. There is no visible musician, yet the music continues to fill the corridor, casting a spell of enchantment and mystery.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>Head to the source of the sound and investigate (dice roll)</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I heed the roll of the dice and embark on a quest to trace the source of the haunting melody. Each step takes me closer to the enchanting sound, and as I round a corner in the corridor, I come upon a door, slightly ajar, from which the music seems to emanate. My heart races with anticipation as I push the door open, eager to unveil the secrets that lie within.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>When you open the door, there...</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: When I open the door, there stands a grand chamber bathed in an otherworldly glow. In the center of the room, an ornate grand piano commands attention. The keys move on their own, playing the haunting melody that had drawn me here. But there's no one at the piano.The room is adorned with opulent tapestries and gilded mirrors, reflecting the surreal scene before me. Candlelit chandeliers hang from the ceiling, casting a warm, flickering light that dances across the walls. The air is filled with an intoxicating fragrance, a mix of ancient incense and delicate flowers.At the far end of the room, a figure cloaked in shadows stands beside an enormous, antique bookshelf filled with tomes of forgotten knowledge. Their presence is enigmatic, and their intentions remain unclear.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>look piano</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I approach the grand piano, its keys still playing the haunting melody. As I inspect it, I notice that there are no visible hands or fingers touching the keys. It's as if the piano itself is possessed by some unseen force, creating the music with an ethereal touch.The piano is a masterpiece of craftsmanship, adorned with intricate carvings and inlaid with precious gemstones. Its keys are made of polished ivory, and they move in perfect harmony with the haunting tune. It's a surreal and mesmerizing sight, leaving me both entranced and bewildered.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>Be careful, it might be a man-eating piano.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: I heed the caution and approach the grand piano with caution. Although it plays on its own, I remain wary of its mysterious nature. The possibility of a man-eating piano lingers in my mind, adding an extra layer of tension to the already surreal scene.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>the piano suddenly stops</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: The abrupt halt of the piano's music sends a shiver down my spine. The chamber falls into an eerie silence, broken only by the flickering candlelight. It's as if the very essence of the room holds its breath, waiting for what comes next.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>You feel disgusted and turn around. What happened?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: As I turn around, a wave of revulsion washes over me. My senses reel in disgust at the sight before me. The figure that had been cloaked in shadows has now revealed itself, and it is a grotesque, nightmarish entity. Its form is a twisted amalgamation of human and beast, with grotesque, elongated limbs and a maw of sharp, jagged teeth.The once opulent chamber has transformed into a nightmarish lair, with walls adorned in macabre art and gruesome trophies. The air is thick with the stench of decay and despair. I am trapped in a surreal and horrifying nightmare, unable to escape the clutches of this abomination.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>it scary. what will you do?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: Fear courses through me as I confront this nightmarish entity and its gruesome lair. In this realm of horrors, I must make a decision. I choose to... confront the entity, my curiosity and determination outweighing my fear, as I seek to uncover the mysteries and secrets that lie within this twisted nightmare.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>how?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: With trembling resolve, I take a step forward, slowly approaching the grotesque entity. I attempt to communicate with it, asking it what it wants or why it has brought me here. My voice quivers, but my determination to unravel the enigma that surrounds this nightmarish realm remains steadfast.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>any result?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: The grotesque entity regards me with malevolent, glowing eyes, its jagged maw twitching with an unsettling smile. It responds with a guttural, incomprehensible language, filled with whispers and hisses. It becomes apparent that communication with this entity is futile, and its intentions remain shrouded in darkness.As I continue to stand before this nightmarish being, I feel a growing sense of dread, realizing that escape may be the only option left.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>surely. what will you do?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: With no hope of communication or understanding, and the nightmarish entity's menacing presence growing more oppressive, I decide to make a hasty retreat. I turn and rush toward the door through which I entered, driven by the instinct to escape the horrors of this surreal nightmare.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>Did it go well? Or Bad?</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">ChatGPT</div><div><rotating_light ALPHABREAKrotating_light>: My escape from the nightmarish realm was fraught with tension and fear, but I managed to reach the door and slam it shut behind me. The grotesque entity and its horrifying lair were left behind, at least for the moment. Whether it went well or bad is a matter of perspective. I survived the encounter, but the mysteries and terrors of that surreal place still haunt my thoughts. The experience was a chilling reminder of the unknown and the horrors that can lurk within it.</div></pre><pre class="message"><div class="author">user</div><div>look around. what you see?</div></pre><pre class=" Permalink | 記事への反応(1) | 16:06
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_orbital_launcher_families
Total: Flights which lift-off, or where the vehicle is destroyed during the terminal count
Note: only includes orbital launches (flights launched with the intention of reaching orbit). Suborbital tests launches are not included in this listing.
Space (regardless of outcome): Flights which reach approximately 100 km or more above Earth's surface.
Any orbit (regardless of outcome): Flights which achieve at least one complete orbit even if the orbit differs from the targeted orbit.
この部分が、成功率を比較するための項目と言って良いと思う。成功率そのものはこの記事では述べていないが
と見ればよい。
で、Totalの定義としては、「離陸するか、または最終カウントダウン中に破壊された数」。なお、衛星軌道への打ち上げのみをカウントし、弾道飛行テストはカウントしない。
CNNの記事なので英語の元記事を見てみよう、どういう表現だろうか
Tonga eruption blasted enough water to fill 58,000 Olympic pools into the Earth's atmosphere, NASA says
The eruption sent a tall plume of water vapor into the stratosphere, which is located between 8 and 33 miles (12 and 53 kilometers) above the Earth's surface. It was enough water to fill 58,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to detections from a NASA satellite.
この噴火により、地表から 12 ～ 53 km (8 ～ 33 マイル) の高さに位置する成層圏に、水蒸気の高いプルームが送り込まれました。 NASA の衛星からの検出によると、オリンピック サイズのプール 58,000 個を満たすのに十分な量の水でした。
英語圏でよく使われるのだろうか？この「プール何杯分」というのは
twitterで「fill pools until:2022-01-01」の検索条件で検索してみる
すると以下のようなニュースがツイートされているのを発見（「The Hustle」という媒体のようだ）
In 2020, US gas stations sold enough gas to fill 187k Olympic-size swimming pools. But most don’t make money from gas. Here’s why.
2020 年、米国のガソリン スタンドは、187,000 個のオリンピック サイズのプールを満たすのに十分な量のガソリンを販売しました。しかし、ほとんどの人はガスからお金を稼ぎません。理由は次のとおりです。
ニュースサイトではない一般ユーザーもこのような表現をしていた
During my lifetime I've probably drank enough whisky to fill an Olympic size swimming pool, but whisky flavoured foods of any description should be avoided like the plague.
私は一生の間に、おそらくオリンピックサイズのプールを満たすのに十分な量のウィスキーを飲みましたが、どのような種類のウィスキー風味の食べ物もペストのように避けるべきです.
英語版wikipediaの「Olympic-size swimming pool」のページを見てみよう
An Olympic-size swimming pool is used as a colloquial unit of volume, to make approximate comparisons to similarly sized objects or volumes. It is not a specific definition, as there is no official limit on the depth of an Olympic pool. The value has an order of magnitude of 1 megaliter (ML).[1]
オリンピック サイズのスイミング プールは、口語的な体積の単位として使用され、同様のサイズのオブジェクトまたは体積とのおおよその比較を行います。 オリンピックプールの深さには公式の制限がないため、これは特定の定義ではありません。 値は 1 メガリットル (ML) の大きさのオーダーを持っています。 [1]
なるほど、この書き方だとニュースの定型句に限らず一般的に使う言い回しに見える
※追記：
編集履歴を確認したところ00:16, 30 May 2003のリビジョン時点で以下の記述がある
少なくとも20年前からこのような言い回しがwikipediaに書かれる程度には一般的だったようだ
An Olympic Size Swimming Pool is the type of pool used in the Olympic Games. The size of the pool is commonly used to define the size of other objects, or to explain how much water is in a particular location.
オリンピック サイズのスイミング プールは、オリンピックで使用されるプールの種類です。 プールのサイズは、通常、他のオブジェクトのサイズを定義したり、特定の場所にある水の量を説明したりするために使用されます。
追記ここまで
英語圏の人はピンと来てるのだろうかこの言い方で
勘だがピンとこない人も結構いる気がする
だって日本人でも「東京ドーム何杯分」がピンとこない人は結構いるからな
調べてみたがなかなか興味深かった、他にもこういう海外のよくわからん単位がありそうだ
「フットボールコート何個分」みたいな面積についての言い回しもあるみたいだったし
その国固有の例えとかありそうで面白い
イタリアなら「コロッセオ何杯分」とかあったりしそう（調べてないけど）
※再追記：
以下の英WikipediaのページのVolumeのCasual unitsの項がズバリだ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unusual_units_of_measurement
http://www.dailytitan.com/2011/04/the-inevitable-decline-of-cds/より転載：
Almost 11 years ago, stores like Tower Records and Wherehouse Music were mobbed with over 2.4 million people waiting to purchase N'Sync's No Strings Attached album.
Today, music stores like those are almost non-existent, and those that are still in business do not receive much foot traffic in the CD aisles.
The sales of compact disc albums have seen a significant decline since that record week in 2000. Nielsen Sound Scan reported that over 730 million units sold in 2000. In 2010, album sales hit an all-time low of 326 million units sold, including digitally downloaded albums.
"Nobody wants to go through the trouble of going to a music store, finding and buying a CD, opening the package, etc. Now we just click a button on the Internet and instantly have music," said Keegan Gogerty, 22, a singer/songwriter and radio-TV-film student.
Digitally downloading music has played a major role in the decline of CD sales, but the biggest factor is the illegal digital downloading of music.
Pirating music has been on the rise since Napster launched its peer-to-peer file-sharing software in 1999. Napster was known for allowing users to share and trade their MP3 files with one another over the Internet for free.
Napster was later shut down after multiple lawsuits, but more peer-to-peer outlets surfaced, such as Kazaa, Morpheus and LimeWire.
Peer-to-peer sharing has grown from MP3 sharing to multiple-file sharing and torrent sharing.
"I don't blame people for not wanting to purchase music. If I want to support a band, I will attend their concerts or buy a T-shirt. That is where they receive the most royalties anyway," said Charlie Hatano, an advertising graduate student.
"We live in a generation of simple living, the digital age," Gogerty said.
Online music stores such as iTunes and Napster give consumers the option to purchase music at the click of a button.
However, Ashley Sutton, 24, a psychology major, still buys compact discs.
"Nothing beats getting a new CD, reading the booklet and reading the lyrics," said Sutton. "I agree Internet downloading is more convenient, but I find owning a physical CD collection rewarding, rather than clogging up my computer with music I download."
The music industry has tried to crack down on the peer-to-peer file-sharing software programs, but people are still using different forms of illegally downloading or sharing music.
"I'll admit that I have had friends burn an album for me or copy them into my computer for my iPod," Sutton said. Making copies of CDs, illegally downloading the album and sharing, it is all the same.
In an interview with USAToday.com, the Recording Industry Association of America's (RIAA) CEO said illegal music sharing has been "contained."
"I remember people downloading one song at a time with Napster. More recently I have seen people download 10 albums at the same speed they could download one song in 1999," Hatano said.
| A | - | cross sectional area | 断面積 |
| C | - | celerity or phase velocity of waves | 波の速さか位相速度 |
| C_d | - | drag coefficient | 抗力係数 |
| C_s | - | concentration on the seagrass surface | 海中植物の 表面への集中 |
| C_w | - | concentration in the water column | 水柱における集中 |
| D | - | molecular diffusivity | 分子拡散率 |
| D | - | depth | 水深 |
| DBL | - | diffusive boundary layer | 拡散境界層 |
| δ | - | diffusive boundary layer thickness | 〃 の厚さ |
| δ_D | - | diffusive boundary layer (==DBL) | |
| δ_l | - | inertial sublayer or logarithmic (log) layer | 内部境界層かログ層 |
| δ_v | - | viscous sublayer | 粘性底層 |
| F_d | - | friction or viscous drag | 摩擦か粘性抵抗 |
| F_p | - | form or pressure drag | 圧力抗力か形状抵抗 |
| g | - | acceleration due to gravity | 重力加速度 |
| H | - | water depth | 水深 |
| H | - | wave height | 波高 |
| h | - | canopy height | 林冠の高さ |
| J | - | flux | フラックス |
| κ | - | von Karman constant | カルマン定数 |
| l | - | length scale | 長さスケール |
| λ | - | wavelength | 波長 |
| m | - | mass | 質量 |
| μ | - | molecular or dynamic viscosity | 動粘性係数か分子粘性 |
| p | - | hydrostatic or dynamic pressure | 静水圧か動圧 |
| Q | - | volume flow rate | 体積流量率 |
| ρ | - | density | 密度 |
| REI | - | relative wave exposure index | 相対波露出度 |
| Re | - | Reynolds number | レイノルズ数 |
| Re_crit | - | critical Reynolds number | 臨界レイノルズ数 |
| St | - | Stanton number | スタントン数 |
| T | - | wave period | 波の周期 |
| τ | - | shear stress | 剪断応力 |
| τ_o | - | boundary shear stress | 境界剪断応力 |
| τ_w | - | wall shear stress | 壁剪断応力 |
| μ | - | current velocity | 流速 |
| μ* | - | friction velocity | 摩擦速度 |
| U_k | - | critical velocity | 臨界速度 |
| U_o | - | free stream velocity | 自由流速度 |
| ν | - | kinematic viscosity | 動粘性率 |
| x | - | horizontal distance | 水平距離 |
| χ | - | principal flow direction | 主要流向 |
| y | - | cross-stream direction | 交差流の方向 |
| z | - | vertical direction or depth | 縦方向か水深 |
| z_o | - | roughness height | 荒さの高さ |
