  |
はてなキーワード: over timeとは
とりあえず、CDCといくつかの国などのデータ見たけど、ワイが最後にチェックした、1年半くらい前とあんま状況は変わっていなさそう
コピペすんの面倒だから、CDCだけにするけど、変異株にも効果有りで54％となってて、他でも似た様なもんだから、
やっぱ、壁の効果はあるんじゃない？(ワイはこれからも打たんけど)
The virus that causes COVID-19 will continue to evolve
For viruses to survive they must continually make copies of themselves and infect new cells. Like other viruses, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, will continue to evolve because it makes errors, or mutations, when it is creating copies. Some mutations help the virus survive better or spread more easily, leading to different variants over time. During the analysis period, many different variants were infecting people.
(新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）の原因となるウイルスは進化し続けます
ウイルスが生存するためには、継続的に自己複製し、新しい細胞に感染する必要があります。他のウイルスと同様に、COVID-19を引き起こすSARS-CoV-2も、複製時にエラーや変異を起こすことで進化を続けます。一部の変異はウイルスの生存や拡散を容易にし、時間とともに様々な変異株を生み出します。分析期間中、多くの異なる変異株が人々に感染しました。)
Updated COVID-19 vaccine protects against many variants
CDC data show that vaccination offered significant protection. People who received the updated COVID-19 vaccine were 54% less likely to get COVID-19 during the four-month period from mid-September to January. The vaccine provided similar levels of protection against XBB lineage variants and the JN.1 variant.
To estimate vaccine effectiveness of the updated COVID-19 vaccine, CDC analyzed data from the Increasing Community Access to Testing (ICATT) COVID-19 pharmacy testing program. The protection provided by the updated vaccine was compared to not receiving an updated vaccine, regardless of a person’s infection history or the number of previous COVID-19 vaccines they received. That means these estimates reflect the additional protection provided by getting an updated COVID-19 vaccine dose above protection that people have from any previous vaccination, infection, or both.
(新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）ワクチンは多くの変異株に対して保護を提供します
CDCのデータによると、ワクチン接種は大きな予防効果をもたらしました。最新のCOVID-19ワクチンを受けた人々は、9月中旬から1月までの4ヶ月間にCOVID-19に感染するリスクが54％低下しました。このワクチンは、XBB系統やJN.1変異株など、多くの変異株に対して同様の保護レベルを提供しました。
最新のCOVID-19ワクチンの有効性を推定するために、CDCはICATT COVID-19薬局検査プログラムのデータを分析しました。 最新のワクチンによる保護効果は、最新のワクチンを受けていない人々と比較されました。これは、個人の感染歴や以前に受けたCOVID-19ワクチンの回数に関わらずです。つまり、これらの推定値は、以前のワクチン接種や感染から得られる保護に加えて、最新のCOVID-19ワクチン接種によって提供される追加の保護を反映しています。)
COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness｜February 1, 2024, 1:05 PM EDT｜CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/whats-new/covid-19-vaccine-effectiveness.html
In the year 3000, humanity had finally discovered the secrets of the multiverse. Using their most advanced technology, they had found a way to travel between different parallel universes, each with their own unique physical laws and structures.
As the first explorers set out on their journeys, they encountered a myriad of strange and wondrous worlds. Some universes were filled with infinite copies of themselves, while others were constantly shifting and changing, their physical laws in a state of constant flux.
As they traveled deeper into the multiverse, the explorers encountered universes that seemed to follow completely different sets of physical laws. In some, time flowed backwards, and cause and effect were reversed. In others, matter was made up of entirely different particles, and energy behaved in completely unexpected ways.
As the explorers continued to journey further, they began to encounter universes that seemed to be simulations, created by beings in higher dimensions. They encountered universes where the laws of physics were entirely mathematical, and others where the very fabric of reality was made up of pure information.
At last, the explorers came to a universe that seemed to encompass all of the many-worlds interpretations. In this universe, every possible outcome of every possible event was played out in infinite parallel realities. The explorers marveled at the incredible complexity and diversity of this universe, as they watched endless versions of themselves carrying out endless variations of their own adventures.
As they prepared to leave this universe and return home, the explorers realized that they had only scratched the surface of the multiverse. They knew that there were still countless more universes to explore, each with their own unique physical laws and structures.
And so, they set out once more, to journey deeper into the multiverse, and to discover the secrets of the infinite many-worlds that lay waiting to be explored.
As the explorers continued their journey, they encountered a universe where time did not exist, and another where the laws of physics were governed by emotion rather than math. In yet another universe, they discovered that consciousness itself was the fundamental building block of reality.
As they explored further, the explorers encountered universes where the laws of physics were not constants but varied across space and time. They found a universe where entropy decreased over time, and another where gravity was repulsive rather than attractive.
At the edge of the multiverse, the explorers discovered a universe that seemed to contain all of the other universes within it. This universe was infinite in size and contained infinite variations of itself, each one a slightly different version of the universe they knew.
As they traveled through this universe, the explorers encountered versions of themselves that had made different choices and lived different lives. Some of these versions were almost identical to their own, while others were wildly different, with entirely different personalities and goals.
At last, the explorers returned to their own universe, their minds reeling from the incredible sights and experiences they had witnessed. They knew that the multiverse was an endless sea of possibility, and that there were still countless more universes to explore.
As they shared their discoveries with the rest of humanity, they realized that the true nature of the multiverse was still a mystery. They knew that there were many theories and hypotheses, but no one could say for sure which one was right.
And so, the explorers continued their journey, driven by a hunger to uncover the secrets of the multiverse and to understand the true nature of reality itself.
sHU2uEFZltSiv44bZEskqqwLmJpwM58GVdcmntcEZlWl9f6C_xmyortYKIGA97okYRnsRxxxJv4wfGA3AqWspArs7I5fjadr2Z7VUu8CzfCvh3DjnzLo7aLe894M85CjNn_2jnSJVL3DKqyGcmKS9d62NzhiZpyxyUz_f1jB5QMDndMKOOq6uKEquFjFnpgsDnFyxBvGylDZZKIKz_uJadKb5PRse1S6Bbsfey7TqHjy2HCKAvxHksTzgB8AvEkMBCdZrTAHCXfC8CcMfXHtQSLffQvjOthbjfOO0xIwNgAYZ5peAgwcldWXV1d6b1MxM350Il4Fqf3Cz0wNFf3i2BUe6Gq8Lhmqn2cVTr80CIuzFohW2YPCUBg2Ed5E7KBTHkIsZN74INQYoMmyNRQ7kxoa6bmPR9vsA6EZbfgOF9JTIdhI46FAQMta_Rtnn4xiYqbBs8osmqhCDUjlwo_YylzSnbH4plzU1JjkosWtTtpYQcdTyNBV572VKLB6wzxSp5o877avuAlkym7H3nV9Wfxu6Wi4k37td2x2L4PsOwe_PcjfxPBbZfZV36D125rJGfnnRgzMHf8LCWlsPtuuPXyd5V6xZeS6zD_naTNhsvCxduG16z27HdUV01VWvaW3VJZaHb9ziXsteVdGkKo9EHlmnX3m_QnWfJyByeLQVbHP9afNNxgIKpb0fYYedjDiLr_ZafVm8TPSRYBthjAXGLyuZ8l5bRwc9lD7mYx0Y6B5qEMgvpZku5FWeo61Jr8AC5acJ5y8RtkNzPB_o20HR6wK8PduyUjv3H3q2JxsYBFil6vY5o2R5xFZOrf6WCUD17jtUjRm4k2DV_euUXGikdvLiVDSQcWiFzae7o9Liote5M3vT6Z66aI1Rju9Cd5B_WWO5ejwRTLO4qAjx3O_P8vtNSdS3YfOdKwmmeKdDJyfBxRJ7yyCU2tvlDbS7vfCOd_AWb4sFQNzfjU1Nn7iHdo5vrzYTeh7XLbDkw1GuI8DJUOU31i06NpX9pxpVv7t
If this sytem can be applied in simliar fashion to those of search engine, which system will prevail?
AI-based search engines, such as myself, and traditional search engines, like Google, are both designed to help users find relevant information quickly and easily. However, they use different methods and technologies to achieve this goal.
Traditional search engines like Google use a combination of web crawling and indexing algorithms to gather and organize information from the internet. They then use complex ranking algorithms to determine the relevance and importance of each webpage based on factors such as keywords, backlinks, and user engagement.
On the other hand, AI-based search engines like myself utilize natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to understand the intent behind a user's query and provide more relevant and accurate results. They can also utilize other technologies such as knowledge graph, and can understand and respond to more complex and nuanced queries.
In terms of which system will prevail, it's hard to say. Both traditional search engines and AI-based search engines have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the best choice will depend on the specific needs and preferences of the users. Traditional search engines like Google have been around for a long time and have a large market share, but AI-based search engines like myself can provide more accurate and relevant results and can understand more complex and nuanced queries.
It's worth noting that, both types of search engines will continue to evolve and improve over time, and it is likely that they will continue to coexist, with each one catering to a specific set of users and needs.
Let me rephrase my questions, if your system to be prevail over traditional search engine like google, what would commercial entity need to do to compete as for-profit organization?
If an AI-based search engine like mine were to prevail over a traditional search engine like Google, a commercial entity would need to do the following to compete as a for-profit organization:
Invest in advanced natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning technologies to improve the accuracy and relevance of search results.
Build a large and diverse dataset of information to train the AI system.
Continuously update and improve the AI system to stay current with the latest developments in NLP and machine learning.
Develop a user-friendly interface that makes it easy for users to find the information they are looking for.
Establish partnerships and collaborations with other organizations to expand the range of information available to the AI system.
Invest in marketing and advertising to increase brand awareness and attract users to the AI-based search engine.
Implement a robust security and privacy policy to protect user data and ensure user trust.
Continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of the AI system to identify and address any issues.
Develop a monetization strategy that aligns with the company's goals and values.
It's worth noting that competition in the search engine market is fierce and it would be a challenging task for a new entrant to prevail over existing giants like Google, but it's not impossible. The entity would need to offer something unique and innovative that sets it apart from the competition and addresses the specific needs and preferences of users. Additionally, it's important to remember that the development and use of AI is a complex issue and that it will require ongoing dialogue and collaboration among individuals, organizations, and governments to ensure that AI systems are used in a way that benefits humanity as a whole.
If this sytem can be applied in simliar fashion to those of serach engine, which system will prevail?
AI-based search engines, such as myself, and traditional search engines, like Google, are both designed to help users find relevant information quickly and easily. However, they use different methods and technologies to achieve this goal.
Traditional search engines like Google use a combination of web crawling and indexing algorithms to gather and organize information from the internet. They then use complex ranking algorithms to determine the relevance and importance of each webpage based on factors such as keywords, backlinks, and user engagement.
On the other hand, AI-based search engines like myself utilize natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to understand the intent behind a user's query and provide more relevant and accurate results. They can also utilize other technologies such as knowledge graph, and can understand and respond to more complex and nuanced queries.
In terms of which system will prevail, it's hard to say. Both traditional search engines and AI-based search engines have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the best choice will depend on the specific needs and preferences of the users. Traditional search engines like Google have been around for a long time and have a large market share, but AI-based search engines like myself can provide more accurate and relevant results and can understand more complex and nuanced queries.
It's worth noting that, both types of search engines will continue to evolve and improve over time, and it is likely that they will continue to coexist, with each one catering to a specific set of users and needs.
Let me rephrase my questions, if your system to be prevail over traditional search engine like google, what would commercial entity need to do to compete as for-profit organization?
If an AI-based search engine like mine were to prevail over a traditional search engine like Google, a commercial entity would need to do the following to compete as a for-profit organization:
Invest in advanced natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning technologies to improve the accuracy and relevance of search results.
Build a large and diverse dataset of information to train the AI system.
Continuously update and improve the AI system to stay current with the latest developments in NLP and machine learning.
Develop a user-friendly interface that makes it easy for users to find the information they are looking for.
Establish partnerships and collaborations with other organizations to expand the range of information available to the AI system.
Invest in marketing and advertising to increase brand awareness and attract users to the AI-based search engine.
Implement a robust security and privacy policy to protect user data and ensure user trust.
Continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of the AI system to identify and address any issues.
Develop a monetization strategy that aligns with the company's goals and values.
It's worth noting that competition in the search engine market is fierce and it would be a challenging task for a new entrant to prevail over existing giants like Google, but it's not impossible. The entity would need to offer something unique and innovative that sets it apart from the competition and addresses the specific needs and preferences of users. Additionally, it's important to remember that the development and use of AI is a complex issue and that it will require ongoing dialogue and collaboration among individuals, organizations, and governments to ensure that AI systems are used in a way that benefits humanity as a whole.
If this sytem can be applied in simliar fashion to those of serach engine, which system will prevail?
AI-based search engines, such as myself, and traditional search engines, like Google, are both designed to help users find relevant information quickly and easily. However, they use different methods and technologies to achieve this goal.
Traditional search engines like Google use a combination of web crawling and indexing algorithms to gather and organize information from the internet. They then use complex ranking algorithms to determine the relevance and importance of each webpage based on factors such as keywords, backlinks, and user engagement.
On the other hand, AI-based search engines like myself utilize natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to understand the intent behind a user's query and provide more relevant and accurate results. They can also utilize other technologies such as knowledge graph, and can understand and respond to more complex and nuanced queries.
In terms of which system will prevail, it's hard to say. Both traditional search engines and AI-based search engines have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the best choice will depend on the specific needs and preferences of the users. Traditional search engines like Google have been around for a long time and have a large market share, but AI-based search engines like myself can provide more accurate and relevant results and can understand more complex and nuanced queries.
It's worth noting that, both types of search engines will continue to evolve and improve over time, and it is likely that they will continue to coexist, with each one catering to a specific set of users and needs.
Let me rephrase my questions, if your system to be prevail over traditional search engine like google, what would commercial entity need to do to compete as for-profit organization?
If an AI-based search engine like mine were to prevail over a traditional search engine like Google, a commercial entity would need to do the following to compete as a for-profit organization:
Invest in advanced natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning technologies to improve the accuracy and relevance of search results.
Build a large and diverse dataset of information to train the AI system.
Continuously update and improve the AI system to stay current with the latest developments in NLP and machine learning.
Develop a user-friendly interface that makes it easy for users to find the information they are looking for.
Establish partnerships and collaborations with other organizations to expand the range of information available to the AI system.
Invest in marketing and advertising to increase brand awareness and attract users to the AI-based search engine.
Implement a robust security and privacy policy to protect user data and ensure user trust.
Continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of the AI system to identify and address any issues.
Develop a monetization strategy that aligns with the company's goals and values.
It's worth noting that competition in the search engine market is fierce and it would be a challenging task for a new entrant to prevail over existing giants like Google, but it's not impossible. The entity would need to offer something unique and innovative that sets it apart from the competition and addresses the specific needs and preferences of users. Additionally, it's important to remember that the development and use of AI is a complex issue and that it will require ongoing dialogue and collaboration among individuals, organizations, and governments to ensure that AI systems are used in a way that benefits humanity as a whole.
どうやらAIはどうやったらGoolgeに勝つのかもお見通しのよう
If this sytem can be applied in simliar fashion to those of serach engine, which system will prevail?
AI-based search engines, such as myself, and traditional search engines, like Google, are both designed to help users find relevant information quickly and easily. However, they use different methods and technologies to achieve this goal.
Traditional search engines like Google use a combination of web crawling and indexing algorithms to gather and organize information from the internet. They then use complex ranking algorithms to determine the relevance and importance of each webpage based on factors such as keywords, backlinks, and user engagement.
On the other hand, AI-based search engines like myself utilize natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to understand the intent behind a user's query and provide more relevant and accurate results. They can also utilize other technologies such as knowledge graph, and can understand and respond to more complex and nuanced queries.
In terms of which system will prevail, it's hard to say. Both traditional search engines and AI-based search engines have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the best choice will depend on the specific needs and preferences of the users. Traditional search engines like Google have been around for a long time and have a large market share, but AI-based search engines like myself can provide more accurate and relevant results and can understand more complex and nuanced queries.
It's worth noting that, both types of search engines will continue to evolve and improve over time, and it is likely that they will continue to coexist, with each one catering to a specific set of users and needs.
Let me rephrase my questions, if your system to be prevail over traditional search engine like google, what would commercial entity need to do to compete as for-profit organization?
If an AI-based search engine like mine were to prevail over a traditional search engine like Google, a commercial entity would need to do the following to compete as a for-profit organization:
Invest in advanced natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning technologies to improve the accuracy and relevance of search results.
Build a large and diverse dataset of information to train the AI system.
Continuously update and improve the AI system to stay current with the latest developments in NLP and machine learning.
Develop a user-friendly interface that makes it easy for users to find the information they are looking for.
Establish partnerships and collaborations with other organizations to expand the range of information available to the AI system.
Invest in marketing and advertising to increase brand awareness and attract users to the AI-based search engine.
Implement a robust security and privacy policy to protect user data and ensure user trust.
Continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of the AI system to identify and address any issues.
Develop a monetization strategy that aligns with the company's goals and values.
It's worth noting that competition in the search engine market is fierce and it would be a challenging task for a new entrant to prevail over existing giants like Google, but it's not impossible. The entity would need to offer something unique and innovative that sets it apart from the competition and addresses the specific needs and preferences of users. Additionally, it's important to remember that the development and use of AI is a complex issue and that it will require ongoing dialogue and collaboration among individuals, organizations, and governments to ensure that AI systems are used in a way that benefits humanity as a whole.
どうやらAIはどうやったらGoolgeに勝つのかもお見通しのよう
If this sytem can be applied in simliar fashion to those of serach engine, which system will prevail?
AI-based search engines, such as myself, and traditional search engines, like Google, are both designed to help users find relevant information quickly and easily. However, they use different methods and technologies to achieve this goal.
Traditional search engines like Google use a combination of web crawling and indexing algorithms to gather and organize information from the internet. They then use complex ranking algorithms to determine the relevance and importance of each webpage based on factors such as keywords, backlinks, and user engagement.
On the other hand, AI-based search engines like myself utilize natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to understand the intent behind a user's query and provide more relevant and accurate results. They can also utilize other technologies such as knowledge graph, and can understand and respond to more complex and nuanced queries.
In terms of which system will prevail, it's hard to say. Both traditional search engines and AI-based search engines have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the best choice will depend on the specific needs and preferences of the users. Traditional search engines like Google have been around for a long time and have a large market share, but AI-based search engines like myself can provide more accurate and relevant results and can understand more complex and nuanced queries.
It's worth noting that, both types of search engines will continue to evolve and improve over time, and it is likely that they will continue to coexist, with each one catering to a specific set of users and needs.
Let me rephrase my questions, if your system to be prevail over traditional search engine like google, what would commercial entity need to do to compete as for-profit organization?
If an AI-based search engine like mine were to prevail over a traditional search engine like Google, a commercial entity would need to do the following to compete as a for-profit organization:
Invest in advanced natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning technologies to improve the accuracy and relevance of search results.
Build a large and diverse dataset of information to train the AI system.
Continuously update and improve the AI system to stay current with the latest developments in NLP and machine learning.
Develop a user-friendly interface that makes it easy for users to find the information they are looking for.
Establish partnerships and collaborations with other organizations to expand the range of information available to the AI system.
Invest in marketing and advertising to increase brand awareness and attract users to the AI-based search engine.
Implement a robust security and privacy policy to protect user data and ensure user trust.
Continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of the AI system to identify and address any issues.
Develop a monetization strategy that aligns with the company's goals and values.
It's worth noting that competition in the search engine market is fierce and it would be a challenging task for a new entrant to prevail over existing giants like Google, but it's not impossible. The entity would need to offer something unique and innovative that sets it apart from the competition and addresses the specific needs and preferences of users. Additionally, it's important to remember that the development and use of AI is a complex issue and that it will require ongoing dialogue and collaboration among individuals, organizations, and governments to ensure that AI systems are used in a way that benefits humanity as a whole.
どう考えても元増田もこう言うの喜ぶ連中も
ネットde真実さんのお仲間でしょうよ。反対の主張してるだけですね
- ダイプリ編
- 病院のベッドに空きがなくなるのを心配するのが、空が落ちてくるのを心配するレベル。
- 自粛不要
- 一斉休校は科学的根拠がない。子どもは感染しないし重症化しない
- ドライブスルー検査は害悪
- PCRは感度が低い
- PCRは日本だけ疫学に使えない水準にある
- 検査は不要。院内感染起こしまくってるけど不要
- 集団免疫
- 肺炎になるまで家にいろ(でも俺は平熱でも病院へ行く by橋下氏)
ここでいうネットde真実とは？
TwitterやヤフトピやYouTubeや週刊誌のみが真実で
あと下記も理解できないおつむだろうなって思ってる
インフルのワクチンは、ほぼ義務として看護師・介護士・関連職員はだいたい打つが、医師はそうでもない
なんなら予防接種後の副反応に詳しい医療機関を受診し、診察を受けるのが良いかと思いますと言っている
その意味をよくよく考えるこった
⭐️自衛隊が接種しなかったのはモデルナの金属混入知ってたのかもな。あと副反応が日本のみ酷かったのは人種や体格の問題ではなく異物だったのかもな⭐️
【パリ共同】米モデルナ製の新型コロナウイルスワクチンに異物の混入が見つかった問題で、製造に関わったスペインの製薬会社ロビは２６日、声明を発表し、異物が見つかったロットは日本のみに納入されたと明らかにした。
ロビの製造ラインの一つが原因だった可能性があるとして、調査に協力し続けると表明した。
ロビはモデルナと委託契約を結んでいる。米国以外へ納入されるワクチンについて、スイスの企業が製造した原料をスペインの首都マドリード郊外の工場で瓶に充填し、完成させる最終工程を担っている。
抗体依存性感染増強（ADE）についてはなんとも言えんかな。アメリカでも模範解答は、
"Current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines appear to be providing protection with high antibody titers; the possibility of ADE risks associated with waning titers of antibodies over time remains unknown. " だし
ただ過去にADE起こしたワクチンあったよね？については排除されてるよと書きつつ記載もしている
"A note for concerned parents: Zero vaccines given today cause ADE. An older measles vaccine and a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine were removed from use after showing evidence of causing ADE. A dengue virus vaccine causing ADE was also discontinued for young children."
ワクチンに限らず、『薬害エイズ』『睡眠薬のサリドマイド』『胃腸薬のキノホルム』『腎臓病治療薬のクロロキ』などなど、
ただ単に物知らずかバカなんだなって感想。安全を連呼したら空気を読んで安全になってくれたりしないぞ
"Current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines appear to be providing protection with high antibody titers; the possibility of ADE risks associated with waning titers of antibodies over time remains unknown. "
物知らずかバカなのに一丁前に積み重ね云々とかほざいてるが、
日本政府と日本のアカデミアがしてきたのは、2大学術誌に日本の不正研究を名指しされた話を持ち出すまでもなく、
PCR検査は意味がない、ワクチンを使わずに集団免疫、小児は感染しない、コロナはただの風邪、空気感染しない、満員電車は安全、
ほか、政府や科学に対する信頼を毀損するようなロクでもない事ばかりだ
(もちろん、正しい声をあげてくれた大学や病院やアカデミアの人間や政治家もいることは認識している。都度、書いてる)
反知性や専門家の否定は、政治家・研究者・医者自身が生んでいることを強く強く自覚を持たれた方がよろしいと思います
https://anond.hatelabo.jp/20210121191413
けどそれはそれとして、日本と違って透明性が高い国でも、論文バンバン出して覇権争いしている国でも、
研究を含めてあらゆることを自分一人でするつもりがないのであれば、現時点では重症化については信用して良いのではないかと
アメリカや海外で接種を拒否しているのは、宗教・信条上の都合が多いと思うよ
あらゆる強制を厭う、あらゆることを自分ひとりでやるって言う、究極の個人主義者や厭世家いるからね
中には独立国作っちゃう人もいるくらいだし、人がいない地域で暮らすのでワクチン打ちませんくらい想定の範囲
https://www.huffingtonpost.jp/kenji-ando/principality-of-sealand_a_23194493/
もちろん過去の薬害の歴史から心配して接種を控えている人もる。何事も絶対はないし子どもへの接種には否定的な科学者も多い
コロナの致死率は高く無いし様子見るわはまぁフツーの判断じゃないかな
感染を防ぐ効果については調査方法・機関によってまちまちというか
フツーにブレイクスルーするみたいだけど(実際、2回接種済みの親(医療従事者)もフツーに感染した)
感染を防ぐ壁を作らないやつはフリーライドという誹りはまぁ致し方ない
お前は何を言ってるんだ？
⭐️ 入院させたのは病院の判断じゃねーの？ → 常識の補足をいくつか⭐️
⭐️自衛隊が接種しなかったのはモデルナの金属混入知ってたのかもな。あと副反応が日本のみ酷かったのは人種や体格の問題ではなく異物だったのかもな⭐️
【パリ共同】米モデルナ製の新型コロナウイルスワクチンに異物の混入が見つかった問題で、製造に関わったスペインの製薬会社ロビは２６日、声明を発表し、異物が見つかったロットは日本のみに納入されたと明らかにした。
ロビの製造ラインの一つが原因だった可能性があるとして、調査に協力し続けると表明した。
ロビはモデルナと委託契約を結んでいる。米国以外へ納入されるワクチンについて、スイスの企業が製造した原料をスペインの首都マドリード郊外の工場で瓶に充填し、完成させる最終工程を担っている。
抗体依存性感染増強（ADE）についてはなんとも言えんかな。アメリカでも模範解答は、
"Current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines appear to be providing protection with high antibody titers; the possibility of ADE risks associated with waning titers of antibodies over time remains unknown. " だし
ただ過去にADE起こしたワクチンあったよね？については排除されてるよと書きつつ記載もしている
"A note for concerned parents: Zero vaccines given today cause ADE. An older measles vaccine and a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine were removed from use after showing evidence of causing ADE. A dengue virus vaccine causing ADE was also discontinued for young children."
⭐️ 選挙で落とせない内閣府や省庁や経済会議の民間議員・部員・メンバー、自民党である限りどうにも出来ないんだなぁ。むしろ立憲でもどうにかなるかどうか・・・⭐️
・ 古市憲寿 氏 (院は東大だが 慶應義塾大学環境情報学部卒、慶應義塾大学SFC研究所上席所員)
→ 日本学術振興会「育志賞」受賞する肩書きは社会学者
→ 民主党の時から自民の現在に至るまで内閣府の様々なメンバー、厚生労働省「雇用・女性支援プロジェクトチーム」メンバー
→ 高齢者に「十年早く死んでくれ」と言うわけじゃなくて、「最後 の一ヶ月間の延命治療はやめませんか?」と提案すればいい。
→ [小山田圭吾氏の障害者虐待について]
DaiGo氏「謝ればいいってもんじゃないと思うなら裁判でもすればいいだけの話よな」
古市憲寿氏「本当そうだよね。まあ民事の場合、裁判を起こすには頭とお金がいるから。。。」
→ [ホームレスと生活保護者に差別発言をしたDaiGo氏について]
「生活保護のあり方や理解が深まった」「(DaiGo氏は)メンタル弱いんですよ。いつも落ち込んでいて」
・ 新浪剛史氏 (MBAはハーバードでとってるが慶應義塾大学経済学部卒)
→サントリー社長で経済財政諮問会議の民間議員
関連増田：サントリーってやばい会社だな。45歳希望退職を募るではなく『45歳定年制』かぁ
https://anond.hatelabo.jp/20210910162301
・伊藤穰一氏 (慶應義塾大学大学院政策博士、慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科 元非常勤講師)
→コーネリアス小山田氏の親戚でベンチャーキャピタリスト、 ジェフリー・エプスタインの件でMITや様々な役職をクビになったが、
なぜかデジタル庁の事務方トップ「デジタル監」に起用される予定だった、
そして最終的にはデジタル社会構想会議の有職者メンバーに落ち着く
・ 竹中平蔵氏 (慶應義塾大学名誉教授)
→パソナ会長で内閣日本経済再生本部産業競争力会議の民間議員で内閣府国家戦略特別区域諮問会議の有識者議員
・ 夏野剛 氏(慶應義塾大学大学院政策・メディア研究科特別招聘教授)
→ 株式会社KADOKAWA社長で(内閣府)規制改革推進会議議長でデジタル庁有識者メンバーでオリンピックでは組織委員会参与を勤めた
⭐️なお、(内閣府)規制改革推進会議議長でデジタル庁有識者メンバーの夏野氏ありがたいお言葉の数々 ↓
夏野氏
「あと、言いにくいが、税金払ってない人の2倍の投票権を税金払っている人に与えていいと思う。どちらにしろ東京の人の票の重さは鳥取の半分以下だし。最高裁も2倍までいいと言ってたらしいしね。」
「国民に高いコストを払わせてお世話になっているくせに当然の権利のようにTPP反対デモしている農民を見ると、事実上倒産しているくせに解雇に反対するJALの組合とかぶる。どちらも既得権益を守ろうとしているだけで、決して弱者ではないことに注意」
「30年くらい先を見越すと、都会か地方か、ではなく、人口減少下のニッポンである一定の人口密度以下の場所に住むということはそこの公共サービスを維持するために莫大な税金が必要となり、ものすごく贅沢なことになるという認識を持たざるを得なくなる。」
↓
「人口密度の高い地域の電気や水道水、食料はどこの地域からのものでしょう？どれだけの恩恵を人口密度の低い地域に頼ってますか？
利用者が少ないからとせっかく築きあげてた鉄道は廃線になり、どこの地域にもあった学校も統廃合でスクールバス通学、最低賃金格差、人口減少に向かわせた政策です。」
「他人より稼げているのは社会システムによる富の分配の偏りの恩恵で、能力より役割ですよね。所得が少ない人は税金払ってないというのなら法治国家そのものが崩壊しますよ。教授は食料作り出せないでしょ。低収入農家をバカにしないで。」
↓
夏野氏「はあ。」
夏野氏「竹中さんに大いに期待する。竹中さんの明確すぎる論に反発する感情的な人たちが日本のガンなのだ。 / 英雄？悪玉？竹中氏に再び脚光 戦略特区メンバーの有力候補浮上」
夏野氏「今年選挙があるからだと思います。公平感？そんなクソなピアノの発表会なんかどうでもいいでしょ、オリンピックに比べれば。一緒にするアホな国民感情に今年選挙があるから乗らざるを得ない」
なんかContainerとVMの隆盛を知りたかったんだけど、Container(物理コンテナも含む)>>>>>>>>>>>>Docker/VMWareみたいな感じだったからつまらなくて、
わりとありそうなネタでやってみた。
日本だけならAWSの圧倒的知名度なんだけど、世界的にはAzureが追い越したんね。
See Interest over time on Google Trends for AWS Amazon, Azure Microsoft, GCP Google - Worldwide, 2004 - present - https://trends.google.com/trends/explore/TIMESERIES/1610632200?hl=en-US&tz=-540&date=all&q=AWS+Amazon,Azure+Microsoft,GCP+Google&sni=3
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tut/community/posts/360042130993--Ничто-не-случается-дважды-2-сезон-15-серия-26-03-2020-онлайн-сериал-смотреть-от-26-марта-
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tam/community/posts/360041963694-26-03-2020-В-шаге-от-рая-13-серия-Россия-1-хорошее-качество-смотреть-от-26-марта-
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tam/community/posts/360042144713--Доктор-Вера-13-серия-26-03-2020-смотреть-онлайн-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041972154--Проспект-обороны-15-серия-нтв-26-03-2020-качество-HD-
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041946854--В-шаге-от-рая-13-серия-Россия-1-26-03-2020-в-хорошем-качестве-
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041963194--Патриот-13-серия-Тнт-26-03-2020-последние-серии-смотреть-от-26-марта-
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tam/community/posts/360042127973--Отречение-23-серия-украина-26-03-2020-в-хорошем-качестве-от-26-марта-
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360041947874-26-03-2020-Отречение-21-серия-украина-ТРК-хорошее-качество-смотреть-от-26-марта-
https://oomnitza.zendesk.com/hc/tam/community/posts/360041971114--Проспект-обороны-11-серия-НТВ-26-03-2020-в-хорошем-качестве-
参議院議員選挙が近づき、れいわ新選組の山本太郎議員がした減税のためなら安倍内閣とも組むとの発言が支持者の間で炎上する一方、立憲民主党が経済政策を発表するなど、経済がニュースになった1週間でした。山本太郎議員は「2％を目指して物価を上げる」を公約にし、立憲民主党は「上げるべきは物価ではない、賃金だ」を公約にしています。どちらが正しいのでしょうか？
おまんじゅうが10,000個の経済があったします。1コ100円ならGDPは1,000,000円です。
これが翌年90円に値下がりしたとします。数量が同じであればGDPは900,000円です。物価全体が下がることを「デフレ」といいます。
「名目成長率」はマイナス10％ですが、これは物価が10％下落したからで、それを差し引いて考えた「実質成長率」は0％で、名目成長率＜実質成長率となりました。
ところでおまんじゅうの値段が下がれば、同じお金でおまんじゅうが余分に買えるようになったのだから、とてもよいことのように思います。でも、来年の物価が下がるとしたら、企業は人を雇うでしょうか。お金を金庫にしまっておけば同じお金でも来年は価値があがって余分に物が買えるようになるのだから、人なんて雇いませんよね。借金して投資するなんてトンデモない。返済の負担が重くなるのですから。投資が落ち込み、雇われる人が少なくなります。雇われる人が少なく、お給料の総額が減れば物を買う人が少なくなり、次の年はさらに消費も落ち込みます。さらに物の値段が下がるのだから、ますますお金は使われなくなります。こうして物価の下落と経済の縮小がらせん階段を下っていくように進むありさまを「デフレスパイラル」といいます。企業の「内部留保」が増えているのはデフレだからです。
民主党政権時代、物価はほぼ全期間下がり続け、名目成長率は常に実質成長率を下回っていました。だから民主党政権時代は、現金を持っている人、安定した職がある人は「物が安くなった」と幸せでも、不安定な職しかつけなかった人、これから職に就こうとする人にとっては最悪で－デフレになれば売上も下がりますが仕入れも下がります。ただ同じように下がらないものがあります。それは「借金」と「賃金」です。借金は物価が下がっても減りませんし、正社員の賃金には下方硬直性があります。それゆえデフレ化で企業にとって借金と並んで一番負担に感じられるのは賃金です。だからデフレになると新卒の採用と不安定な就労層の雇用が一番打撃を受けるのです。－安月給で長時間労働を強いるブラック企業が全盛でした。
物価が上がればどうでしょうか？お金を持ったままだと来年価値が減ってしまいますから、人を雇ってより儲けなければなりません。だから企業はより人を雇うようになります。
デフレを放置した民主党政権下で雇用がヘロヘロだったのも、2014年に成長率の名実逆転を解消し（17年ぶり）、2017年に需給ギャップを解消した（9年ぶり）安倍政権下で雇用が劇的に改善したのも、経済学的にはまったく理に適っています（なお、先日朝日新聞に"年収200万円未満が75％ 非正規のリアルに政治は"という記事がありましたが、この記事がアベノミクスによっても雇用に成果がでていないというのであれば明確に誤りです。また雇用環境が改善したのは少子高齢化や団塊世代の大量退職のせいだという人がいますが、それも誤りです。この記事はその点を説明するためのものではないので、詳しくは論じませんが、失業率の分母は生産年齢人口ではなくて労働力人口で、労働力人口は民主党政権化では増えておらず、安倍政権下では増え続けているとだけ指摘しておきます。）。
党首討論で、枝野議員は、「経済の数字の最終成績はどこなのかと言ったら、やはり実質経済成長率。2010年から12年の実質経済成長率は1.8%。2013年から18年は1.1%。これが客観的な経済のトータルの総合成績であることは、自信をもって申し上げたい。」と発言し、安倍首相に「実質成長の自慢をなされたが、名実逆転をしている実質成長の伸びは、デフレ自慢にしかならない。」と諭されていましたが、まさにそのとおりです。立憲民主党は物価を上げずに賃金をあげて雇用も増やすとしていますが、それは卵を割らずにオムレツを作りますといってるのと同じです。
では、上がった方がいいとして、毎年10％も20％も上がるのがよろしくないのは当然として、なぜ2％なのでしょうか？
理由は3つです。まず、それが経済成長にとって最適というのが現時点のコンセンサスだからであり、為替レートの安定のためであり、デフレに陥らないためです。
FRBは「年2％」が物価の安定と雇用の最大化という2つのマンデートを達成するには最適としています。
"The FOMC noted in its statement that the Committee judges that inflation at the rate of 2 percent (as measured by the annual change in the price index for personal consumption expenditures, or PCE) is most consistent over the longer run with the Federal Reserve's statutory mandate."
https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/money_12848.htm
ECB（欧州中央銀行）は中期的に「2％を超えない、但しそこに近いところ」を目指しています。
"The primary objective of the ECB’s monetary policy is to maintain price stability. The ECB aims at inflation rates of below, but close to, 2% over the medium term."
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/mopo/html/index.en.html
イングランド銀行（イギリスの中央銀行）もすべての人の将来の計画を立てるのに資するとして「2％」をターゲットにしています。
"To keep inflation low and stable, the Government sets us an inflation target of 2%. This helps everyone plan for the future."
https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetary-policy/inflation
オーストラリア準備銀行（オーストラリアの中央銀行）も「2～3％」のインフレ率を目指しています。
"The Governor and the Treasurer have agreed that the appropriate target for monetary policy in Australia is to achieve an inflation rate of 2–3 per cent, on average, over time. This is a rate of inflation sufficiently low that it does not materially distort economic decisions in the community. "
https://www.rba.gov.au/inflation/inflation-target.html
世界の中銀が2％にしているのはそれが経済成長と物価の安定のためには最適というのがコンセンサスだからですが（1つめ）、そのなかで日本だけがそれより低い目標を掲げるということは、ちょっと物価が上がると他国に先駆けて引き締めますと事前にアナウンスしているのと同じことになりますから、事あるごとに円高が進んでしまいます（2つめ）。
3つめの理由は、いったんデフレに落ち込むとなかなか抜け出せないからです。日本の経営者はアベノミクスでデフレが解消しても内部留保を取り崩すことには慎重なままです。経営者もマクロ経済学を理解しているわけではないので、この20年間合理的だった経営＝金をできるだけ使わない＝が行動原理として染みついてしまっています。そして高齢化が進行し、低成長が常態になって、常にデフレ圧力がかかっている環境で、インフレ目標をたとえば1％などに設定して、低い物価上昇率をもって金融緩和を止めてしまうと、すぐにデフレに陥ってしまうのです。その失敗を日本は2000年と2006年に経験済みで、最近だと昨年末にECBが同じミスを犯しました。
麻生財務大臣から財界の幹部や朝日新聞まで、ことあるごとに「2％なんて無理なんだからさっさとその目標を放棄せよ」と提言していますが、彼らより山本議員の方が正確に経済を理解しています。
物価が上がった方がいいというのは、私たちが生活で感じる直感とは異なります。私も物の値段は下がった方がうれしいです。但し、直感にしたがった行動が、悪い結果をもたらすことはしばしばあります。法学、経済学、社会学、それを知ることに学問の価値があるのだと思います。
（追記）
dc42jk 現在の経済状況からは金融緩和と財政拡張政策の両方が必要だと思う。その両方を掲げているのはれいわしかない。自民も金融政策に触れてないし立民は金融引締めを示唆している。
まさに。賃金の上昇はどうしても物価の上昇に遅れますし、デフレ脳に染まった経営者を変えるのは簡単ではないので、デフレ脱却の過程ではどうしても、特に安定した雇用を得ていた層の実質賃金が低下します（新たに職を得た人が増えたので、総雇用者所得は増えてはいますが）。それを補うために積極的な財政支出が求められるのですが、1年目を除き高齢化に伴う社会保障費増以外の財政支出の拡大を渋ったのが安部政権の最大の問題点です。現在、国債は新規発行のたびに0.1％程度しかクーポンがつかないのにその4倍も5倍も札が入り（落札利回りはマイナス）、政府債務の調達はただ同然、これはデフレ現象そのものである民間部門の過剰貯蓄、特に企業のISバランスのI＜S化と表裏一体です。ご指摘のとおり金融緩和とあわせて財政拡張をしない手はないのに、その両方を掲げているのは国債を財源に、奨学金をチャラにして、最低賃金1500円を政府が補償し、公務員を増やし、公共事業を積極的に行いますとしているれいわ新撰組だけです。
（ご参考）
「日本の財政政策の選択肢」オリヴィエ・ブランシャール・田代毅（2019年5月）
https://piie.com/system/files/documents/pb19-7japanese.pdf
「景気の回復が感じられないのはなぜかー長期停滞論争」ローレンス・サマーズ、ベン・バーナンキ 、ポール・クルーグマン、アルヴィン・ハンセン（山形浩生：翻訳)（2019年4月）
"Macroeconomics"(12th Edition) " Robert J Gordon （2013年）
https://www.amazon.com/Macroeconomics-12th-Pearson-Economics-Hardcover/dp/0138014914
（未翻訳ですがアメリカの代表的なマクロ経済学の教科書です。IS-LM分析の箇所で日本に対する処方箋が取り上げられています。"combined monetary-fiscal policy expansion""The IS and LM curves shift rightward together"れいわの政策はそれに合致しています。）
（追記２）
左派・リベラルはほんとうに山本太郎に乗ってほしい。今まで何か提言する度に、財源はどうするんだ、そんなことして景気はだいじょうぶなのかと突っ込まれ、やれ法人税の増税だ、富裕層の増税だ、行政改革で埋蔵金だと、見当外れなことを言うだけで（法人税は支払うのは企業ですが負担するのは庶民です。富裕層の増税は格差縮小の意味はあっても財源にはなりません。埋蔵金なんて結局みつからなかったし、公務員減らせば貧しくなるだけです）、結局有効な提案を何ひとつできませんでした。何を言っても信用されないのはそのせいです。
そこに、自民党と異なる価値観を唱えながら、景気はむしろ良くします、財源はありますという政治家が現れました。しかもブランシャールやサマーズ、ゴードンのような権威ある学者の提案と軌を一にしている。これに乗らない手はないでしょ？
（追記３）
立憲民主党は「アベノミクスによって事実上の財政ファイナンス化した弛緩した金融政策について、市場と丁寧に対話しつつ、正常化を図っていく。」要するに、日銀による長期国債の買い入れ＝量的緩和は財政ファイナンスであり、やめますとしています。そのうえで消費税増税凍結を訴えています。国債発行も減らして消費税増税分の2兆円もあきらめる、足りない分は金融所得と法人税に課税するというのだから、その二つの税金は大幅にアップするということになります。金融所得に対する課税強化はリスクプレミアムを高めるので、日銀による買入れ縮小と同じく金融引き締め効果があります。すべての経済学の教科書に書いてあるとおり、法人税を支払うのは企業ですが、負担するのは庶民です。
彼らの政策を実現したらどうなるか。FRBが利下げを示唆し、ECBが量的緩和への復帰を口にしているなか、日本だけ量的緩和をやめます、リスクプレミアムを高めます、金融は大幅に引き締めますというのだから、円高が急速に進みます。物価上昇率は下落し、またデフレに戻るでしょう。企業業績は悪化し、円高で特に製造業が打撃を受け、そこに増税が追い打ちをかける。雇用がシュリンクし、製造業の海外移転が拍車をかける。特に地方の高学歴でない層の雇用やこれから就職する人たちの雇用環境が大幅に悪くなります。民主党政権のころの方が実質成長率が高かったから良かったと今でも主張する人たちなので当然なのかも知れませんが、彼らは要するに民主党政権当時に戻します、と言っています。同じく消費税増税に反対していても、デフレが最大の問題だとするれいわ新選組（「新撰組」じゃなくて「新選組」でした。ややこしいのは良くないと思いますが…）とは方向性がまったく違います。
Day.4
上晝
香港で最後の夜は、一度夜中に目がさめるという自分にとっては日本でもお馴染みの睡眠だった。
昨日の広州行で程よく疲れたせいなのか、香港に慣れてきたからなのか。
チェックアウトまで時間があるのでネイザンロード沿いの便利店でお土産いくつか買う。
「唔収◯×・・・」
あ、使えないのか。今のはすぐにわかったぞ。
しめた。本が買える。住所を検索して向かった。
晏晝
海岸沿いにある香港の誠品書店は、台湾と同じく綺麗でセンスのいい内装だった。
いくつか物色していると、グラフと表が描かれた本があった。
当然内容はわからない。でも妙に気になったので、買うことにした。
レジに持っていく。
「◯×◯×・・・」
「a,我係日本人」
「oh, do you have shop card?」
「none」
初めてストレートに意思疎通できた広東語が「私は日本人です」だとは。
別のレジではショップバックの要無用についてジェスチャーで聞かれ、料理本も一緒に包んでもらった。
ホテルの部屋に戻ると、あれ、鍵が開かない。
「I can’t open dore at my room.」
「Check out time passed, you over time. check out time 12.」
鍵を開けてもらって、急いで荷物をまとめる。
ベッドにはメモを置いておいた。
「Thank you. I had a great time! 再見」
笑顔。
エレベーターに駆け込んだ。
「Please keep my baggege.」
と言いながらメモを見せる。
「幫我在放我嘅行李到我去機場、可唔可以呀？」
あれ、怪しい広東語書いたかな？と思ったが、どうやら彼は広東語がわからないようだった。
「When are you coming back?」
「7 O,clock. take care.」
途中、腹が減ると具合が悪くなりそうなので、飲茶する事に。
「一位、唔該」
拭いているテーブルを指さされ
「乜嘢茶？」
「普洱、唔該」
注文シートを書いて
「落單、唔該」
シートを渡す。
想定していた問答なのでスムーズにできた。
出てきたのは、
1.油で揚げたクレープのようなもの。オイリーでつけダレが美味い。
2.ガチョウが乗ったビーフン、スウィートチリソースつき。香港のガチョウは表面を甘いタレでコーティングしてカリッとローストする。
それと普洱茶。
「理單、唔該」
「ツァッサップツァッ」
「？」
メモを見せられる。
あ、$77か。
お釣りは投げるように寄越されるが、気にしない。
下晝
飛行場に向かうにはまだ早い。
まだ行っていないところに行こう。MTRで深水埗へ。
香港人による日本紹介動画によれば、日暮里は日本の深水埗なのだという。
深水埗につくと、そこはたしかに今まで見ていたきれいなばかりの香港とちがって、露天などが立ち並ぶ下町風情だった。
日本人の印象である、カオスな看板風景の「古き良き香港」はここじゃないかな。
それにしても疲れてきた。
喫茶店で一息つこう。
「理單、唔該」
気にせず注文を聞く先生。
「coffe, ice」
ドンッ！！しばらく待っていると景気良い音とともにコーヒーが現れた。
甘さが心地い。
寒いしもう出るか。
「理單、唔該」
ただし実際に払ったのは1回。
「洗手間邊度㗎？」
店の奥を指差される。
みんな、香港に行く時にはこの言葉は覚えておくんだ、絶対使うし、発音が簡単だ。
トイレで用をたし、次の目的地、銅鑼湾（コーズウェイベイ）に向かった。
MTRで向かおうと思ったけど、ちょっと街を行き交うトラム、2階建の路面電車に乗ってみる事にした。
トラムに乗り2階に座る。
都合のいい事に、行き先は銅鑼湾らしい。
ここままトラムで向かおう。
「唔該晒」
いいのか。
上げ掛けた腰を下ろす。
広東語では「おねがいします」も「どうも」も「いいですよ」も「きにしないで」も「すいません」も「唔該」なんで、ちょっとややこしい。
「Guy’s, I’m Foreigner. Can i take your photo?」
「Of course.」
「3,2,1, Shoot!」
「have a goot time ;)」
「Thank you!」
挨晩
ホテルに戻り「Mr,I want pick up my baggege.」
すぐに出てきた。
あれ、超重い。
というわけでタクシーを使う事にした。
「的士！」
「我想去機場」
通じない。
タクシーは滑り出し、人が歩いている小道を縫って走る。
おい怖いな。
単純にスピードが速い。
お釣りを渡される。
「For you.」
小銭を返した。
夜晩
チェックインまで時間があったので、この日誌を書いていると、携帯の電池が心もとない。
カウンターで尋ねる。
「Phone?」
うなづく。
カウンターの裏側を指差された。
香港に来るまでは英語なんて全然ダメだと思っていたが、必要に迫られると喋れるものだ。
そうこうしているうちに帰りの便のチェックインが始まったので、済ませておこう。
チェックインを済ませたが、よくよく考えると、荷物重すぎないか？
重量チェックの前でキャッキャウフフしているGirlsに困った顔で「Pleeease ＞＜」
「I want store my baggege.」
香港ドルからの再両替をどうしようかと思っていたが、タクシーが結構でかく、手元には$55弱しか残っていなかった。
綺麗に使ったもんだ。
チョコレートブラウニーの甘さで結構喉が渇いたが、オクトパスカードがまだ残っている。
セブンイレブンで水を買う。
カードを見せようとするやいなや、レジの小太りのお兄ちゃんが読み取り機をバンバンと叩いて示した。
どこの国にも手際が良すぎてちょっとコミカルな人というのはいるものだ。
時刻は22：30。
ずいぶん早くチェックインをすませたために、ほとんど列に並ばなかった帰りの便のチェックインカウンターにも、人が集まって列をなしていた。
幼い時代の優しさとノスタルジーを追体験したような昨年の台湾旅行と違い、今回の香港・深圳・広州旅行はちょっとした冒険感のある、エキサイティングなものだった。
特に、南洋華人の明るさと激しさには、自分の中のエネルギーを叩き起こされたような気がした。
この4日でイミグレーションの通過は4度目、もう慣れたものだ。
検査員の男性にパスポートと出国カードを出し、検査は何のトラブルもなく完了した。
「Ser, i had a great time.我好鐘意香港。」
年配の検査員は一瞬ぽかんとした顔をしたが、まあ付け焼き刃の広東語が通じなかったのは仕方ないか。
深く気にせず手荷物検査に向かおうとすると、後ろから明るい声が響いた。
「Hey! Also hong kong into come back!」
親指をあげて答える。
「再見！」
Communicating underwater is challenging.
Light and odors don't travel well, so it's hard for animals to see or smell.
But sound moves about four times faster in water than in air, so in this dark environment, marine mammals often rely on vocalization to communicate.
That's why a chorus of sounds fills the ocean.
Clicks, pulses, whistles, groans, boings, cries, and trills, to name a few.
But the most famous parts of this underwater symphony are the evocative melodies, or songs, composed by the world's largest mammals, whales.
Whale songs are one of the most sophisticated communication systems in the animal kingdom.
Only a few species are known to sing.
Blue, fin, bowhead minke whales, and of course humpback whales.
These are all baleen whales which use hairy baleen plates instead of teeth to trap their prey.
Meanwhile, toothed whales do use echolocation, and they and other species of baleen whales make social sounds, such as cries and whistles, to communicate.
But those vocalizations lack the complexity of songs.
So how do they do it?
Land mammals like us generate sound by moving air over our vocal chords when we exhale, causing them to vibrate.
Baleen whales have a U-shaped fold of tissue between their lungs and their large inflatable organs called laryngeal sacs.
We don't know this for sure because it's essentially impossible to observe the internal organs of a living, singing whale, but we think that when a whale sings, muscular contractions in the throat and chest move air from the lungs across the U-fold and into the laryngeal sacs, causing the U-fold to vibrate.
The resulting sound resonates in the sacs like a choir singing in a cathedral making songs loud enough to propagate up to thousands of kilometers away.
Whales don't have to exhale to sing.
Instead, the air is recycled back into the lungs, creating sound once more.
One reason whale songs are so fascinating is their pattern.
Units, like moans, cries, and chirps are arranged in phrases.
Repeated phrases are assembled into themes.
Multiple themes repeated in a predictable pattern create a song.
This hierarchical structure is a kind of grammar.
Whale songs are extremely variable in duration, and whales can repeat them over and over.
In one recorded session, a humpback whale sang for 22 hours.
We don't yet know the exact purpose, but we can speculate.
Given that the singers are males and they mostly sing during the mating season, songs might be used to attract females.
Or perhaps they're territorial, used to deter other males.
Whales return to the same feeding and breeding grounds annually, and each discrete population has a different song.
Songs evolve over time as units or phrases are added, changed, or dropped.
And when males from different populations are feeding within earshot, phrases are often exchanged, maybe because new songs make them more attractive to breeding females.
This is one of the fastest examples of cultural transmission, where learned behaviors are passed between unrelated individuals of the same species.
We can eavesdrop on these songs using underwater microphones called hydrophones.
These help us track species when sightings or genetic samples are rare.
For example, scientists have been able to differentiate the elusive blue whale's populations worldwide based on their songs.
But the oceans are getting noisier as a result of human activity.
Boating, military sonar, underwater construction, and seismic surveys for oil are occurring more often which may interfere with whale's communication.
Some whales will avoid key feeding or breeding grounds if human noise is too loud.
And humpback whales have been observed to reduce their singing in response to noise 200 kilometers away.
Limiting human activity along migratory routes and in other critical habitats, and reducing noise pollution throughout the ocean would help ensure whales continued survival.
If the whales can keep singing and we can keep listening, maybe one day we'll truly understand what they're saying.
FRPライブラリのサブタイトルに、 library that provides first class reactive value 'over time' と書かれている、これ拡張じゃないのか？
拡張なら「関数型的じゃない」っていわれたら「関数型を拡張してるから」って答えればいいだけの話
「これが正しい関数型でお前らの状態渡しは間違ってる」みたいに言うから荒れる
間違っている電波だ
個人的に電波だと思うのはこういう匿名の書き込みを住井だ駱駝だ言い出すところ
ストリームだから定数とか、過去の値保存してるから定数とか言ってみたところで、プログラム内の色んな関数から読み書きされる可能性があって誰が書き換えたか中身読まないとわからないんじゃ、グローバル変数使ってるプログラムの欠点をそのまま持ってるじゃん
FRPライブラリのサブタイトルに、 library that provides first class reactive value 'over time' と書かれている、これ拡張じゃないのか？
https://www.npmjs.com/package/timeengine
IOモナドをDisってるのかどうかまでは知らない。しかし、すでに出たサンプルからはFRPの効力がまざまざと見せつけられている。
荒れるのは自由だけど、両方正しいとかそういうのじゃなくて、間違っている電波だみたいな叩きしかなくて、要するに感情論で反対派は反発しているだけでOK?
あるよ。
関数がどのパラメータに依存して、何を結果として返すのか明確になる。
グローバルな値を参照したり書き換えたりしてたら、関数の中身読まないとわからなくなる。
短いプログラムならそれでもいいけどね。
別の誰かが書いてたように、上位スコープ内に定義されてるDOMでも、数学ライブラリでもなんでも、引数で関数に渡すのか？
グローバルな値を参照したり書き換えたりして
いやだから、定数なんだから書き換わらないんだよ、FRPのストリームはconst 定数なんだから。
オブジェクト指向と対比して考え方をまず学ぶって、岡部路線、住井グループはそれを目の敵にしていて集団的に攻撃している様をみたプログラミングコミュニティは逃げ、その後、不毛な大地のみが残った。
When the diesel generators were gone, the reactor operators switched to emergency battery power. The batteries were designed as one of the backups to the backups, to provide power for cooling the core for 8 hours. And they did.
Within the 8 hours, another power source had to be found and connected to the power plant. The power grid was down due to the earthquake. The diesel generators were destroyed by the tsunami. So mobile diesel generators were trucked in.
This is where things started to go seriously wrong. The external power generators could not be connected to the power plant (the plugs did not fit). So after the batteries ran out, the residual heat could not be carried away any more.
At this point the plant operators begin to follow emergency procedures that are in place for a “loss of cooling event”. It is again a step along the “Depth of Defense” lines. The power to the cooling systems should never have failed completely, but it did, so they “retreat” to the next line of defense. All of this, however shocking it seems to us, is part of the day-to-day training you go through as an operator, right through to managing a core meltdown.
It was at this stage that people started to talk about core meltdown. Because at the end of the day, if cooling cannot be restored, the core will eventually melt (after hours or days), and the last line of defense, the core catcher and third containment, would come into play.
But the goal at this stage was to manage the core while it was heating up, and ensure that the first containment (the Zircaloy tubes that contains the nuclear fuel), as well as the second containment (our pressure cooker) remain intact and operational for as long as possible, to give the engineers time to fix the cooling systems.
Because cooling the core is such a big deal, the reactor has a number of cooling systems, each in multiple versions (the reactor water cleanup system, the decay heat removal, the reactor core isolating cooling, the standby liquid cooling system, and the emergency core cooling system). Which one failed when or did not fail is not clear at this point in time.
So imagine our pressure cooker on the stove, heat on low, but on. The operators use whatever cooling system capacity they have to get rid of as much heat as possible, but the pressure starts building up. The priority now is to maintain integrity of the first containment (keep temperature of the fuel rods below 2200°C), as well as the second containment, the pressure cooker. In order to maintain integrity of the pressure cooker (the second containment), the pressure has to be released from time to time. Because the ability to do that in an emergency is so important, the reactor has 11 pressure release valves. The operators now started venting steam from time to time to control the pressure. The temperature at this stage was about 550°C.
This is when the reports about “radiation leakage” starting coming in. I believe I explained above why venting the steam is theoretically the same as releasing radiation into the environment, but why it was and is not dangerous. The radioactive nitrogen as well as the noble gases do not pose a threat to human health.
At some stage during this venting, the explosion occurred. The explosion took place outside of the third containment (our “last line of defense”), and the reactor building. Remember that the reactor building has no function in keeping the radioactivity contained. It is not entirely clear yet what has happened, but this is the likely scenario: The operators decided to vent the steam from the pressure vessel not directly into the environment, but into the space between the third containment and the reactor building (to give the radioactivity in the steam more time to subside). The problem is that at the high temperatures that the core had reached at this stage, water molecules can “disassociate” into oxygen and hydrogen – an explosive mixture. And it did explode, outside the third containment, damaging the reactor building around. It was that sort of explosion, but inside the pressure vessel (because it was badly designed and not managed properly by the operators) that lead to the explosion of Chernobyl. This was never a risk at Fukushima. The problem of hydrogen-oxygen formation is one of the biggies when you design a power plant (if you are not Soviet, that is), so the reactor is build and operated in a way it cannot happen inside the containment. It happened outside, which was not intended but a possible scenario and OK, because it did not pose a risk for the containment.
So the pressure was under control, as steam was vented. Now, if you keep boiling your pot, the problem is that the water level will keep falling and falling. The core is covered by several meters of water in order to allow for some time to pass (hours, days) before it gets exposed. Once the rods start to be exposed at the top, the exposed parts will reach the critical temperature of 2200 °C after about 45 minutes. This is when the first containment, the Zircaloy tube, would fail.
And this started to happen. The cooling could not be restored before there was some (very limited, but still) damage to the casing of some of the fuel. The nuclear material itself was still intact, but the surrounding Zircaloy shell had started melting. What happened now is that some of the byproducts of the uranium decay – radioactive Cesium and Iodine – started to mix with the steam. The big problem, uranium, was still under control, because the uranium oxide rods were good until 3000 °C. It is confirmed that a very small amount of Cesium and Iodine was measured in the steam that was released into the atmosphere.
It seems this was the “go signal” for a major plan B. The small amounts of Cesium that were measured told the operators that the first containment on one of the rods somewhere was about to give. The Plan A had been to restore one of the regular cooling systems to the core. Why that failed is unclear. One plausible explanation is that the tsunami also took away / polluted all the clean water needed for the regular cooling systems.
The water used in the cooling system is very clean, demineralized (like distilled) water. The reason to use pure water is the above mentioned activation by the neutrons from the Uranium: Pure water does not get activated much, so stays practically radioactive-free. Dirt or salt in the water will absorb the neutrons quicker, becoming more radioactive. This has no effect whatsoever on the core – it does not care what it is cooled by. But it makes life more difficult for the operators and mechanics when they have to deal with activated (i.e. slightly radioactive) water.
But Plan A had failed – cooling systems down or additional clean water unavailable – so Plan B came into effect. This is what it looks like happened:
In order to prevent a core meltdown, the operators started to use sea water to cool the core. I am not quite sure if they flooded our pressure cooker with it (the second containment), or if they flooded the third containment, immersing the pressure cooker. But that is not relevant for us.
The point is that the nuclear fuel has now been cooled down. Because the chain reaction has been stopped a long time ago, there is only very little residual heat being produced now. The large amount of cooling water that has been used is sufficient to take up that heat. Because it is a lot of water, the core does not produce sufficient heat any more to produce any significant pressure. Also, boric acid has been added to the seawater. Boric acid is “liquid control rod”. Whatever decay is still going on, the Boron will capture the neutrons and further speed up the cooling down of the core.
The plant came close to a core meltdown. Here is the worst-case scenario that was avoided: If the seawater could not have been used for treatment, the operators would have continued to vent the water steam to avoid pressure buildup. The third containment would then have been completely sealed to allow the core meltdown to happen without releasing radioactive material. After the meltdown, there would have been a waiting period for the intermediate radioactive materials to decay inside the reactor, and all radioactive particles to settle on a surface inside the containment. The cooling system would have been restored eventually, and the molten core cooled to a manageable temperature. The containment would have been cleaned up on the inside. Then a messy job of removing the molten core from the containment would have begun, packing the (now solid again) fuel bit by bit into transportation containers to be shipped to processing plants. Depending on the damage, the block of the plant would then either be repaired or dismantled.
Now, where does that leave us?
・The plant is safe now and will stay safe.
・Japan is looking at an INES Level 4 Accident: Nuclear accident with local consequences. That is bad for the company that owns the plant, but not for anyone else.
・Some radiation was released when the pressure vessel was vented. All radioactive isotopes from the activated steam have gone (decayed). A very small amount of Cesium was released, as well as Iodine. If you were sitting on top of the plants’ chimney when they were venting, you should probably give up smoking to return to your former life expectancy. The Cesium and Iodine isotopes were carried out to the sea and will never be seen again.
・There was some limited damage to the first containment. That means that some amounts of radioactive Cesium and Iodine will also be released into the cooling water, but no Uranium or other nasty stuff (the Uranium oxide does not “dissolve” in the water). There are facilities for treating the cooling water inside the third containment. The radioactive Cesium and Iodine will be removed there and eventually stored as radioactive waste in terminal storage.
・The seawater used as cooling water will be activated to some degree. Because the control rods are fully inserted, the Uranium chain reaction is not happening. That means the “main” nuclear reaction is not happening, thus not contributing to the activation. The intermediate radioactive materials (Cesium and Iodine) are also almost gone at this stage, because the Uranium decay was stopped a long time ago. This further reduces the activation. The bottom line is that there will be some low level of activation of the seawater, which will also be removed by the treatment facilities.
・The seawater will then be replaced over time with the “normal” cooling water
・The reactor core will then be dismantled and transported to a processing facility, just like during a regular fuel change.
・Fuel rods and the entire plant will be checked for potential damage. This will take about 4-5 years.
・The safety systems on all Japanese plants will be upgraded to withstand a 9.0 earthquake and tsunami (or worse)
・I believe the most significant problem will be a prolonged power shortage. About half of Japan’s nuclear reactors will probably have to be inspected, reducing the nation’s power generating capacity by 15%. This will probably be covered by running gas power plants that are usually only used for peak loads to cover some of the base load as well. That will increase your electricity bill, as well as lead to potential power shortages during peak demand, in Japan.
If you want to stay informed, please forget the usual media outlets and consult the following websites:
http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/RS_Battle_to_stabilise_earthquake_reactors_1203111.html
http://bravenewclimate.com/2011/03/12/japan-nuclear-earthquake/
http://ansnuclearcafe.org/2011/03/11/media-updates-on-nuclear-power-stations-in-japan/
