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はてなキーワード: fallingとは
中国笙とオーケストラのための《Pink Elephant in Prentis》w/ score
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8iRGrZTa6Jo
"Pink Elephant in Prentis" for alto sheng and orchestra
Commissioned and premiered by Shanghai Philharmonic Orchestra (cond. Zhang Liang)
Prentis Hall is a building in New York City, where I spent a year (2015-2016) living in a sleeping bag and taking showers in the toilet. Prentis was built in 1909 and was initially designed as a pasteurization facility and milk bottling plant, then later used as a Heat Transfer Research Facility, conducting nuclear research and experiments, during the Manhattan Project. Columbia University acquired the building in 1949, and the building has housed Columbia’s Computer Music Center (then Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center) from the 1950s onwards. During my time there at the Computer Music Center, I have spent my days and nights exploring stimulating sounds using both analog and digital synthesizers, tape recorders, CTR monitors, and other equipments unfamiliar to me back then. Aside from the Computer Music Center, the building also housed studios for visual artists, and so I was able to meet many eccentric artists, where we ended up having long conversations every night on both significant and insignificant issues surrounding us.
Located on 125th Street in Manhattan, the “residents” of Prentis Hall were constantly harassed by the rumblings of the New York City Subway (which runs aboveground for 125th Street Station), the traffic from the highway nearby, the bustling of the streets of New York, and the construction noises from the nearby building sites. At nights, the screeching noises from the metal shop and the wood shop constantly rang throughout the building. At one point in time, the noise inspired me to imagine a gigantic pink elephant running through the narrow corridors of Prentis. The head and front half of the body was seemingly a normal elephant found in the wild. However, as I scanned my eyes further back, the body of the animal seemed to become more and more pixelated, and small 3D blocks were clearly visible on its back and hind legs, as if molded by an amateur creator in a Minecraft game. As the elephant advanced, some blocks fell onto the floor like water droplets falling from an animal soaked in water. I rubbed my eyes and shook my head, certain that I have entered a dream at some point during the night. The pink elephant walked past me and wandered into one of the many rooms the building offered. I timidly peeked into the room where the pink elephant disappeared into. The pink elephant seemed to have collapsed on the floor, its body, both the organic front and the pixelated back, expanding and shrinking as it sluggishly inhaled and exhaled oxygen.
After hours of staring at the pink elephant, I jumped back at a sudden startling noise from behind, which woke the pink elephant from its deep slumber. Furious, the pink elephant stood on its two pixelated hind legs, and stomped out into the corridors again, this time shaking off more 3D blocks from its back than when it first arrived. The organic front seemed to start to bloat up like a balloon for reasons unknown to me, and the pixelated back grew smaller and smaller due to its parts crumbling down on the floor. In a blink of an eye, the inflated front side split from its pixelated rear, then with a deafening pop, exploded into thin air like a burst balloon. What was left were the pink 3D blocks of all sizes, scattered around on the corridors of Prentis Hall.
Chatori Shimizu: https://www.chatorishimizu.com/
Shanghai Philharmonic Orchestra: http://www.shphilharmonic.com/
スチャダラの「ぼいー」はパブリック・エネミーの「ぼいー」から来てると知った
すごい情報を有難う
番組では永野が好きな曲をランキングで紹介してたけど、色んなジャンルの昔の有名所を挙げていて良かった
(古びる曲もあるけど、逆にそれが良いと後世でもてはやされることもあるし。シティーポップとか。
自分も学生時代に大滝詠一とか細野晴臣とか聴いて悶絶していた。面白いし可愛いし絶妙過ぎる。細野天才過ぎで芸風多岐にわたり過ぎ)
今You Tube Musicでドナルド・フェイゲンからのミックスリストを聴いているんだけれども、YESのOwner of a Lonely Heart(1983)がかかっていて、こんなのいつの時代に聴いても新鮮よなと思う(どの時代にあってもプログレッシブ)
それにしても人生の中で好きな曲をランキング付けするってすごく難しいわ
常に更新されてるってのもあるけど。あと、年齢によって変遷するし
「これは不動の1位」なんてのは無いなあ
「疲れるとイヤーワームとして現れる曲」とかならあるけど(それは何故か日本のクセが強い曲が多い。というか大体は杉良太郎の江戸の黒豹で、最近ではB'zのultra soulだ。疲れすぎだ)
「雨が降ってると現れる曲」は「Raindrops Keep Falling on my Head 」
あと、「夜に星空を見上げるときに現れる曲」はTMの「Here, There & Everywhere」
he's mooching off his parents = leeching off
彼は親の脛をかじっている
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it's infamously difficult to explain
just feel it out is the best advice here sadly
それはめちゃくちゃ説明が難しい
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ok srsly ketchup fried rice has no right being this good
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stubbed my toe in the dark and it still hurts 暗闇の中で足の指をぶつけたんだけどまだ痛い
stub out your cigarette now; 今、タバコをもみ消してください.
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we can only give you a 1-day course of medicine. お薬は1日分しか出せません。
Always finish a course of medicine unless advised otherwise 特別な指示がない限り、薬は必ず（処方された分を）最後まで飲みきること
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His past has caught up with him 過去に行った悪行が問いただされる時が来た
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I got food poisoning eating at xxx xxxで食事したら食中毒になった
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That took for fucking ever どんだけ時間かかっとんねん
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talk out of one's ass 〈卑〉〔きちんとした内容｛ないよう｝ではない〕ばかな［適当｛てきとう｝な・くだらない］ことを言う、くそ発言｛はつげん｝をする
talk through one's hat 大ぼらを吹く、くだらないことを言う｜
talk out of both sides of one's mouth 矛盾したことを言う
・You can't trust him. He talks out of both sides of his mouth. : 彼は信用できないよ。矛盾したことばかり言うからね。
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comparison is the thief of joy ものごとを楽しむ秘訣は人と比較しないこと
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〈比喩的〉一本取られた、参った、やられた◆相手の反論・指摘などについて「有効な論点だ・それは一理ある」と認める時などに用いられる
・Ah, touche. : これは1本取られたな。／痛いところを突かれたな。
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"To join the party" means to be(come) part of the party, = パーティの一員になる
"To join IN the party" means to take part in the activities of the party. = パーティというアクティビティに参加する
https://www.italki.com/en/post/question-337073
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He ran too fast for me to keep up with him. → himはあってもなくてもかまわない（too to構文でforが付くと文末にhimなどを付けても許容される傾向にあるらしい）
https://www.biseisha.co.jp/lab/qa/27
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looked on in horror 恐怖しながら眺めていた・傍観していた
Bystanders looked on in horror as car plowed through parade 通行人は車がパレードに突っ込んでいくのを恐怖して眺めていた
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You have to thread the needle very carefully to make it work properly, ちゃんと動かすには針の穴を通すかのように慎重にやらないといけない
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Don't lump me in with them. : あんなのと一緒｛いっしょ｝にしないでよね。
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All you do is talk about war. Don't you have anything else to talk about? 口を開けば戦争の話ばかり。会話のレパートリー少なすぎだろ
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dunno how retarded ud have to be to believe that kinda story そんなストーリー信じるとかアホすぎん？
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Does he have persecutory delusions? あの人は被害妄想癖なの？
typical paranoid populist with delusions of persecution looking everywhere but within to find scapegoats he can pin the blame for his loser life's pratfalls on
（こいつは）自分の負け犬人生の責任をなすりつけられるスケープゴートを見つけようと目をキョロキョロさせているが自分自身のことは都合よく無視する、典型的な被害妄想癖の偏執的ポピュリストだな
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punch down
to attack or criticize someone who is in a worse or less powerful position than you = 自分より弱いものを攻撃・避難すること (punch upはその逆)
He punched down at opponents who couldn't fight back. 彼は反撃できない相手に攻撃した
Simply put: punching up is okay; punching down is not. 強いものに歯向かうのはいいが、弱い者いじめはいけない
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the only people who call out samefags are people who samefag 自演を叩くのは自演してるやつだけ
its a paranoia thing 妄想みたいなものだ
like if you murder people then you'll realize how easy it is and think everyones gonna murder you 殺人を犯して人を殺すのが簡単なことに気づいたせいで、みんなが自分を殺そうとしてると思いこむようなものだ
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yeah, logging is autistic, but helpful. Ever since I started logging, I literally went from 1 hr of daily immersion to 4 hours, just to try to beat other people and see my numbers rack up. It's a good way to keep yourself accountable, which is something 4chan users chronically avoid
記録を取るのはアレだが役に立つ。ログを取り始めてからというもの、1日1時間のイマージョンが4時間になった。他の人に勝って、数字が上がっていくのを見るのにハマってしまってね。
4chanユーザーはいつもこれをやることから逃げているが、立てた目標をちゃんと達成するためにはいい方法だ。
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There's no fixing that person = あの人はどうしようもない/ 救いようがない/ 付ける薬がない = There's no way you can fix that person
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yeah but that's no excuse for him to act like a bitch lol まあ確かにそうだが、だからといってあいつがクソみたいに振る舞っていい理由にはならないわ
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he was a cool guy like way back then 前はいいやつだったんだよ
then shit kinda went downhill, he had a spat with Dave regarding some shit i didnt care about そこから色々とクソみたいな状況になって、どうでもいいことでジョンと喧嘩した
and then after some back and forths we just never really talked to each other そんで色々と言い合いを重ねた結果、あいつとは喋らなくなった
maybe John can fill you in on the details, because im a secondary source here 詳しいことはジョンに聞けばわかると思う 俺は又聞きだから
because while they were raging at each other i was out of the server being a productive member of society こいつらが喧嘩してたとき俺は社会の一員として建設的なことをしてたからな
ye, i think i will try to find out about all this later ああ、それについては後で調べてみるわ
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he wants to be alone he literally said that. So just give him some time and he will come back on his own time. 一人にさせてほしいって言われたんだろ？なら少し時間を与えれば、自分が戻りたいと思ったときに戻ってくるだろう
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I went to the hospital to get blood work done → 病院に行って、採血された
https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/99730/
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いいとこどり
get（pick） the best of everything（both）
get the best of both worlds
cherry pick
https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/6202/
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Babble like an idiot using what few words you already know, and then only look stuff up when you cannot properly express yourself.
知ってる僅かな単語だけを使ってバカみたいに訳のわからないことを喋って、言いたいことをちゃんと言えないときだけ単語を調べる
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本音で話す
・I had a heart-to-heart with Stacy last night.（昨晩、ステイシーさんと本音を語り合いました。）
・He had a heart-to-heart talk with his dad about his future.（彼は自分の将来について父親と本音で話し合いました。）
・Let’s have a heart-to-heart conversation.（腹を割った話し合いをしましょう！）
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how do u keep coming up with these absolute bangers every day omg !!
どうやったらそんな面白いジョークを毎日のように思いつけるん？
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They literally just slap the word "AI" on everything now. なんでもかんでもAIの文字を貼り付けている
= They're literally just plastering the word "AI" onto everything now.
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how much of the shit he is in is he responsible for?
彼が置かれているクソみたいな状況のどれだけが彼自身の責任なんだ？
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that's like in the avg range それは平均身長くらいでしょ
my aunt is 140 i think, my mom is 150 うちの叔母は140で母は150だし
even for japan that's on the shorter side いや日本ですらそれは低い方に入るぞ
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what the fuck have i been missing out on まじかよ俺そんなのを見逃したのか
Idk I was gone before and after that 俺はその間ここにいなかったからしらん
well thank you for letting us know sir まあ知らせてくれて助かる
we pride ourselves on being the opposite of an echochamber so your complaints really help us! 俺たちはエコーチャンバーにならないことに誇りを持ってるから文句を言ってくれるのは助かる
personally im against inviting people we have bad blood with 個人的には仲の悪いやつを招待するのには反対だな
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i got all of the fairly common grammar points down just from looking up stuff while reading
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it makes you come off like passive aggressive そういう言い方はパッシブアグレッシブに聞こえるよ
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Now we're talking" 「そう来なくっちゃ！」
= That is what I wanted to hear; that's a good idea or a good plan, especially compared to previous suggestions.
例：
Let's have fish for dinner 夕食は魚にしよう
Ugh .. No えーいやだ
https://ja.hinative.com/questions/870022
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haggle
値切る、値下げの交渉をする
議論［論争］する
・There's no need to haggle. : 論争する必要はありません。
他動
〔～を〕ぶった切る、〔～を〕手荒に切る
haggle over the price of
～の値段を値切る［の交渉をする］
表現パターンhaggle over [about] the price of
learn how to haggle at the market
市場で値切るのがうまくなる
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Never know when it's the good old days until they're gone あの頃は良かったなってのは過ぎ去って初めてわかるものだ
communities always change when they get larger コミュニティは大きくなれば必ず変化していく
never gonna keep that smaller, more intimate thing going そうなればこじんまりとして距離の近かったあの感じはもう二度と戻らない
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イキる
I don’t like to talk to him because he is full of himself. 彼はイキってるので話したくありません。
He always tries to be bossy on purpose. 彼はいつもわざとイキろうとする。
You’ve changed. You used to be so cocky when we were in junior high school. 変わりましたね。あなたは中学生の頃、とてもイキってましたよ
He always gets carried away when we party. I think we shouldn’t let him drink much. パーティーのとき、彼はいつもイキります。彼にたくさん飲ませないほうがいい思います。
My father was always high-handed towards other parents. 私の父はいつも他の親に対してイキってました。
https://nativecamp.net/blog/20200805_full_of_oneself
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Again, I'm just going off my memory from a year ago, so be skeptical of what I say. Here are a few things that come to mind:
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like u just use the personality thing as a clutch to get ur foot in 自分の人となりを会話を始める取っ掛かりとして使えばいい (= as a starting point)
so if u talk to someone u just nerd out about learning japanese or something 誰かと話す際に日本語学習についてひたすら喋ってみたりとか
and thats like the vanguard of ur initial engagement そうすれば初めて会話をする際のきっかけになる
《have [get] (a [one's]) foot in (the) door》うまく最初の一歩を踏み出す、目的に向かって第一歩を進める、とっかかり［きっかけ・足掛かり］をつかむ、〔希望する組織などに〕入る機会に恵まれる、うまく入り込む、～する機会を得るきっかけをつかむ◆【語源】セールスパーソン［販売員］が玄関口で追い返されそうになったときに、ドアに足を入れて閉めさせないようにしてセールスしようとする様子から。
vanguard
〔文化や活動の〕前衛、先駆け◆【語源】15世紀にフランス語のavant-gardeがvandgardとして英語に入ったもの。
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learning japanese is like falling down an endless flight of stairs 日本語学習は果てしなく続く階段を転げ落ちるようなものだ。
everytime you almost get your grip and are able to stop yourself, you realize that youre not standing on a step and fall again 足をついて止まることができたかと思えば、踏み段に立っていないことに気づいてまた落ちる
flight of stairs 《a ～》一連の階段、一続きの階段、階と階の間の階段◆途中に踊り場がない一続きの階段
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I need to get on top of my sleep – as I get older I'm finding it more difficult to manage my ongoing sleep deficit.
睡眠を改善する必要がある。年をとるにつれ現在進行系の睡眠不足に対処するのが難しくなってきている
”get on top of 〜” 「（物事を）うまく対処して」
https://kiwi-english.net/41906
その他の意味：
～の上に乗る［乗りかかる］
・We'll get on top of the situation as soon as we can. : できるだけ早く事態を収拾します。
～の手に負えなくなる、～を悩ます
〔仕事を〕片付ける
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haven't seen you post at all where the fuck were you 全然投稿してるの見かけなかったがどこに行ってたんだ
I got life shit haha 人生いろいろあったんだよ笑 (= "I have life stuff" or "I have things going on in my life.")
so do we all そりゃみんなそうやろ
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John knows me. Me n him go back ジョンは俺のことを知ってるよ。あいつとは付き合いが長いからな
go back 〈話〉〔人が期間を〕さかのぼって知り合いである
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Man they made it so much hard to see member lists in mobile now モバイルだとメンバーリストがめっちゃ見にくくなったな
I think it's by design これはわざとだと思うわ
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I hate that it had to take this just for people to stop sleeping on Mel
みんながメルの素晴らしさに気づくためにはこれだけのこと（＝契約解除）が必要なんて嫌だわ
＝これだけのことが起こらないと誰もメルの素晴らしさに気づいてくれないなんて嫌だわ
sleep on
1. 〔即断・即答を避けて〕～について一晩考える
2. （米インフォーマル）人や物の素晴らしさに気づかない
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Will X bunkrupt？
Yes. Elon Musk frequently uses warnings of bankruptcy to motivate; he did it at Tesla and SpaceX. But this time, with X’s advertising tanking and attempts to create new sources of revenue falling flat, there’s a good chance it will happen.
After recent emotional outbursts against X’s advertisers, he may be reckless enough to think he can put it through bankruptcy and still come out on top. Musk fighting for control of X in bankruptcy would be a gripping sequel to the drama-filled Twitter acquisition. Richard Waters
The Sacrament—and the Sacrifice
Of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
I pray for your faith and prayers that my utterances will be received and understood “by the Spirit of truth” and that my expressions will be given “by the Spirit of truth” so that we might all be “edified and rejoice together.” (See D&C 50:21–22.)
As I stand here today—a well man—words of gratitude and acknowledgment of divine intervention are so very inadequate in expressing the feelings in my soul.
Six months ago at the April general conference, I was excused from speaking as I was convalescing from a serious operation. My life has been spared, and I now have the pleasant opportunity of acknowledging the blessings, comfort, and ready aid of my Brethren in the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve, and other wonderful associates and friends to whom I owe so much and who surrounded my dear wife, Ruby, and my family with their time, attention, and prayers. For the inspired doctors and thoughtful nurses I express my deepest gratitude, and for the thoughtful letters and messages of faith and hope received from many places in the world, many expressing, “You have been in our prayers” or “We have been asking our Heavenly Father to spare your life.” Your prayers and mine, thankfully, have been answered.
One unusual card caused me to ponder upon the majesty of it all. It is an original painting by Arta Romney Ballif of the heavens at night with its myriad golden stars. Her caption, taken from Psalms, reads:
“He healeth the broken in heart, and bindeth up their wounds.
“He telleth the number of the stars; he calleth them all by their names.
“… His understanding is infinite.” (Ps. 147:1, 3–5.)
As I lay in the hospital bed, I meditated on all that had happened to me and studied the contemplative painting by President Marion G. Romney’s sister and the lines from Psalms: “He telleth the number of the stars; he calleth them all by their names.” I was then—and continue to be—awed by the goodness and majesty of the Creator, who knows not only the names of the stars but knows your name and my name—each of us as His sons and daughters.
“When I consider thy heavens, the work of thy fingers, the moon and the stars, which thou hast ordained;
“What is man, that thou art mindful of him? …
“For thou hast made him a little lower than the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and honour.” (Ps. 8:3–5.)
To be remembered is a wonderful thing.
The evening of my health crisis, I knew something very serious had happened to me. Events happened so swiftly—the pain striking with such intensity, my dear Ruby phoning the doctor and our family, and I on my knees leaning over the bathtub for support and some comfort and hoped relief from the pain. I was pleading to my Heavenly Father to spare my life a while longer to give me a little more time to do His work, if it was His will.
While still praying, I began to lose consciousness. The siren of the paramedic truck was the last that I remembered before unconsciousness overtook me, which would last for the next several days.
The terrible pain and commotion of people ceased. I was now in a calm, peaceful setting; all was serene and quiet. I was conscious of two persons in the distance on a hillside, one standing on a higher level than the other. Detailed features were not discernible. The person on the higher level was pointing to something I could not see.
I heard no voices but was conscious of being in a holy presence and atmosphere. During the hours and days that followed, there was impressed again and again upon my mind the eternal mission and exalted position of the Son of Man. I witness to you that He is Jesus the Christ, the Son of God, Savior to all, Redeemer of all mankind, Bestower of infinite love, mercy, and forgiveness, the Light and Life of the world. I knew this truth before—I had never doubted nor wondered. But now I knew, because of the impressions of the Spirit upon my heart and soul, these divine truths in a most unusual way.
I was shown a panoramic view of His earthly ministry: His baptism, His teaching, His healing the sick and lame, the mock trial, His crucifixion, His resurrection and ascension. There followed scenes of His earthly ministry to my mind in impressive detail, confirming scriptural eyewitness accounts. I was being taught, and the eyes of my understanding were opened by the Holy Spirit of God so as to behold many things.
The first scene was of the Savior and His Apostles in the upper chamber on the eve of His betrayal. Following the Passover supper, He instructed and prepared the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper for His dearest friends as a remembrance of His coming sacrifice. It was so impressively portrayed to me—the overwhelming love of the Savior for each. I witnessed His thoughtful concern for significant details—the washing of the dusty feet of each Apostle, His breaking and blessing of the loaf of dark bread and blessing of the wine, then His dreadful disclosure that one would betray Him.
He explained Judas’s departure and told the others of the events soon to take place.
Then followed the Savior’s solemn discourse when He said to the Eleven: “These things I have spoken unto you, that in me ye might have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have overcome the world.” (John 16:33.)
Our Savior prayed to His Father and acknowledged the Father as the source of His authority and power—even to the extending of eternal life to all who are worthy.
He prayed, “And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent.”
Jesus then reverently added:
“I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do.
“And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was.” (John 17:3–5.)
He pled not only for the disciples called out from the world who had been true to their testimony of Him, “but for them also which shall believe on me through their word.” (John 17:20.)
When they had sung a hymn, Jesus and the Eleven went out to the Mount of Olives. There, in the garden, in some manner beyond our comprehension, the Savior took upon Himself the burden of the sins of mankind from Adam to the end of the world. His agony in the garden, Luke tells us, was so intense “his sweat was as … great drops of blood falling … to the ground.” (Luke 22:44.) He suffered an agony and a burden the like of which no human person would be able to bear. In that hour of anguish our Savior overcame all the power of Satan.
The glorified Lord revealed to Joseph Smith this admonition to all mankind:
“Therefore I command you to repent …
“For … I, God, … suffered … for all, that they might not suffer if they would repent; …
“Which suffering caused myself, even God, the greatest of all, to tremble because of pain, and to bleed at every pore, …
“Wherefore, I command you again to repent, lest I humble you with my almighty power; and that you confess your sins, lest you suffer these punishments.” (D&C 19:15–16, 18, 20.)
During those days of unconsciousness I was given, by the gift and power of the Holy Ghost, a more perfect knowledge of His mission. I was also given a more complete understanding of what it means to exercise, in His name, the authority to unlock the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven for the salvation of all who are faithful. My soul was taught over and over again the events of the betrayal, the mock trial, the scourging of the flesh of even one of the Godhead. I witnessed His struggling up the hill in His weakened condition carrying the cross and His being stretched upon it as it lay on the ground, that the crude spikes could be driven with a mallet into His hands and wrists and feet to secure His body as it hung on the cross for public display.
Crucifixion—the horrible and painful death which He suffered—was chosen from the beginning. By that excruciating death, He descended below all things, as is recorded, that through His resurrection He would ascend above all things. (See D&C 88:6.)
Jesus Christ died in the literal sense in which we will all die. His body lay in the tomb. The immortal spirit of Jesus, chosen as the Savior of mankind, went to those myriads of spirits who had departed mortal life with varying degrees of righteousness to God’s laws. He taught them the “glorious tidings of redemption from the bondage of death, and of possible salvation, … [which was] part of [our] Savior’s foreappointed and unique service to the human family.” (James E. Talmage, Jesus the Christ, Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1977, p. 671.)
I cannot begin to convey to you the deep impact that these scenes have confirmed upon my soul. I sense their eternal meaning and realize that “nothing in the entire plan of salvation compares in any way in importance with that most transcendent of all events, the atoning sacrifice of our Lord. It is the most important single thing that has ever occurred in the entire history of created things; it is the rock foundation upon which the gospel and all other things rest,” as has been declared. (Bruce R. McConkie, Mormon Doctrine, Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1966, p. 60.)
Father Lehi taught his son Jacob and us today:
“Wherefore, redemption cometh in and through the Holy Messiah; for he is full of grace and truth.
“Behold, he offereth himself a sacrifice for sin, to answer the ends of the law, unto all those who have a broken heart and a contrite spirit; and unto none else can the ends of the law be answered.
“Wherefore, how great the importance to make these things known unto the inhabitants of the earth, that they may know that there is no flesh that can dwell in the presence of God, save it be through the merits, and mercy, and grace of the Holy Messiah, who layeth down his life according to the flesh, and taketh it again by the power of the Spirit, that he may bring to pass the resurrection of the dead, being the first that should rise.
“Wherefore, he is the firstfruits unto God, inasmuch as he shall make intercession for all the children of men; and they that believe in him shall be saved.” (2 Ne. 2:6–9.)
Our most valuable worship experience in the sacrament meeting is the sacred ordinance of the sacrament, for it provides the opportunity to focus our minds and hearts upon the Savior and His sacrifice.
The Apostle Paul warned the early Saints against eating this bread and drinking this cup of the Lord unworthily. (See 1 Cor. 11:27–30.)
Our Savior Himself instructed the Nephites, “Whoso eateth and drinketh my flesh and blood unworthily [brings] damnation to his soul.” (3 Ne. 18:29.)
Worthy partakers of the sacrament are in harmony with the Lord and put themselves under covenant with Him to always remember His sacrifice for the sins of the world, to take upon them the name of Christ and to always remember Him, and to keep His commandments. The Savior covenants that we who do so shall have His spirit to be with us and that, if faithful to the end, we may inherit eternal life.
Our Lord revealed to Joseph Smith that “there is no gift greater than the gift of salvation,” which plan includes the ordinance of the sacrament as a continuous reminder of the Savior’s atoning sacrifice. He gave instructions that “it is expedient that the church meet together often to partake of bread and wine in the remembrance of the Lord Jesus.” (D&C 6:13; D&C 20:75.)
Immortality comes to us all as a free gift by the grace of God alone, without works of righteousness. Eternal life, however, is the reward for obedience to the laws and ordinances of His gospel.
I testify to all of you that our Heavenly Father does answer our righteous pleadings. The added knowledge which has come to me has made a great impact upon my life. The gift of the Holy Ghost is a priceless possession and opens the door to our ongoing knowledge of God and eternal joy. Of this I bear witness, in the holy name of Jesus Christ, amen.
フォーリンリーブッス the brilliant green/SEPTEMBER RAIN （ Before falling leaves The wind's blowin' change it's my turn to follow ）
台風が通り過ぎて特段被害も多くなく終われた地域もあると聞きます
ウチはボロ家なので雨がひどい時は天井からしとしとぴっちゃんと雫が落ちてきます。まだ大家に言ってないだけなんですけどね。
ええまぁこのように、人間というのは異常が見つかっても解決を先延ばしにしてしまう事が多いのでしつこいようですが問題があった場合は問題の報告と、早期の解決に臨みたいところです。
資金や時間が足りないならとりあえずバケツとか即席の何かしらでなんとかなりませんか、なりませんね。失礼しました。
YOASOBI「Into the night」はご存知でしょうか？
「夜に駆ける」の英訳バージョンとして発表されたこの楽曲、まずはとりあえず日本語バージョンから聴いてみてください。そのあと英語バージョンへ。
https://www.uta-net.com/song/284748/
https://www.uta-net.com/song/304176/
そう、この楽曲、「日本語の発音に英語を当てはめながら英訳としても意味を成している」んですね。
この英訳の音の当てはめ方。聴いた瞬間にもう膝を打ってしまったわけですが、英語の成績はそこまで良くなかった私では英訳の上手さを十分に理解しきれない、よりこの英訳について掘り下げたい！と思い、英語が堪能な友人と少しTwitterのDMで話し合ってみました。
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自分…日本在住。英語は多少の理解、会話が可能。（簡単な道案内ができる程度）
文法はなどはあまり理解しておらず、ノリと勢いで会話を乗り切る人間。
英会話で困った時は「幼稚園の子供に話すようにしゃべって！」と言って苦笑いされるタイプ。
友人…英国在住。英語話者のパートナーを持つ。学生時代から成績優秀。語学に堪能であり、大学では談話分析などに触れる。
最近ではTwitterでゆるく繋がっているくらいの距離感であり、一対一で会話のやりとりをするのは数年ぶりでした。
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急な連絡ごめんなさい！
ちょっと気になったことを聞いてみたくて英語に堪能なあなたにご連絡した次第です。
暇なときにふわっとなんか返してくれると嬉しいな！
日本で最近有名なアーティストさんが、もともと日本語の曲を全部英訳して英語バージョンを出したのね。
聞くとわかるかと思うけど「日本語の発音を英語バージョンでも織り交ぜて似た響き」にしてるんだよね。
日: 沈むように溶けていくように
英: Seize a move, you're on me, falling, and we were dissolving.
みたいな。
自分は聞いたとき、うわっ、日本語への音の一致が巧みすぎるな！と感動したんだけどふと疑問に思って。
これって英訳としてちゃんと意味を成した歌詞になってるのかな？
簡単な英文なら読めるけど詳しい文法とかになるとてんでダメだから詳しい方の分析を聞いてみたい！っていう、ほんとただ趣味の質問でした。
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友人
むしろ大歓迎！
YOASOBIのこの曲はギリ知ってますよー。
耳に残りやすい語尾は完全に一致されるように作られてると思う。
(例えば「沈むように」「騒がしい」とか）
あまり日常的には聞かないような文章の作り方をしてる部分があるかな。
例えば、サビのSaw what got seen hid beneath, and louder nights keep beatingは、
「騒がしい日々に笑えない君に」を指してるけど
日本語では騒がしい日々という一つの句になってる部分が、louder nights keep beatingが英詞一つの文に落とし込んでたり。
Saw what got seen hid beneathは本来の英文法だったら、(I) saw what (I) got seen (is) hid(den) beneath.
意味も「僕は見たもの( i.e. 君)が影に隠してるのを見た」だしね。
それが完全に変とは言えないけどね。
Be動詞を全部ain’tに変えたりとか、
三人称単数のhasになるところをhaveにしてみたりとかさ。
あと、英語はどうしても主語ありきなところと、1拍に一音以上乗せられるから※、
新たな情景が多少追加されてる部分があるかな。
具体的にはAメロのSeize a move, you’re on meは
直訳は「動きを止めて、君は僕にいる ( = コントロール下にいるイメージ)」は
サビのI’m going to youは歌い手の「僕」が「君」に近づいてっちゃってるプラス、
You could run with meとか更に逃げ道の選択肢を与えてる気がするかな。
日本語の発音でcatを言ったら、キャ-ット (kya-tto)で二拍必要になる
→ 同じメロディ・拍数があっても載せられる情報量が変わってくる。
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こういうのを待ってた！！！
めちゃくちゃに勉強になる〜、一拍に一音の説明もわかりやすい…最高…。
意味はほぼ一致してるという点は自分もそう読み取ってたから合っててよかった〜情景の描写とかは割と忠実だよね。
自分が引っかかってたのは
「英訳の方が歌詞の主観者が能動的」だなぁって若干感じていたんだよね。（意味伝わるかな…）
「二人今、夜に駆け出していく」
が、二人と描写されてるからここだけ第三者目線で描かれて「僕」から離れているのに対して英訳では
「you and me are running through the night in the dark, I'll take you」
となって、視点が「僕」から変わらないままである。なおかつただ駆け出すだけでなくI'll take you.つまり「僕が君を連れ出す」と能動的に動いている。
この辺りの視点の違いになんとなく不思議な感覚を覚えたので今回質問に至ったんだよね。
でも「英語は主語ありき」という説明でめちゃくちゃに腑に落ちた！
英語だと音を詰められるから歌詞を追加する必要があるのと主語をハッキリさせる必要があったために、そこで新たな描写が増えていて「僕」の主観がより顕著になっていたと！！
そういう解釈…であってるよね？
いやこれめちゃくちゃ楽しいわ、こんな楽しい会話ができる素敵な方、君しかいないわ〜！！本当に付き合ってくれてありがとう！！
あと主語ありきの話で言うと、よくよく考えると日本語だと少なくとも歌詞の世界の中では君と僕に性別は設定されてない（想定されているかもしれないが明言はされていない）のに対して英語版だとSheと少なくとも「君＝女性」と確定しているのもなんとも言語の特徴が表れてるな〜って感じました。
なんかもうちょっと情緒というか、三人称に性別の明確性を持たない言葉があればいいのにね〜ってちょっとだけ思った、蛇足だけど。
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友人
そうだね、多分能動的だなって感じるのは、
英訳版が主語が明確じゃない部分でさえも主語を明示的にしてるのと、
拍の量と文化的に「僕」の描写を若干足してるからだと思うんだ。
というのも追加された「僕」の描写や純粋な日本語の訳を考えたときに、
英語に直した時にやっぱり誰の話？というか
誰が動いてるのかが顕著に足りない気がするんだよね。
君のいう通り、
歌詞に「二人」という表現がいくつも出てきて、僕と君から視点が離れてるけど、
日本語では感覚的と前後の文章で君と僕 (you and me)の話をしてることがすぐに分かるじゃない？
英語だと both of them, both of you, two people, both of us, theyとか選択出てくると思うのよ。
でも現実的にboth of them, both of you, two people, theyは、
この場合の「二人」の代わりにはならないし、
で、ご指摘のyou and me are running ~は言葉を顕著に受け取ると、
すでに夜の中を走ってるわけだから、
”I’ll take you”を入れることで「駆け出し」感？ 今始まる感を演出してると思う。
駆け出すきっかけを作ってるのは僕だし、主語ないと今から始まる感が今ひとつになる気がする。
あと、蛇足の君がsheになってるのは、やっぱり主語抜きにできないし、
無理くり主語抜きにして、受動態とか使うと情景がボケるからでは？
最近はLGBTQ+の台頭によって、
theyを三人称単数でも使われることも出てきたのね。
(sheでもheでもないノンバイナリーの方もしくは性別が分からない人等場合はthey)
でも、まだまだメインストリームな使い方じゃないし、
ここでtheyが使われたりしたら、きっとどこか”LGBTQ+”を意識してると思われそうよね。
一瞬大学の談話分析とか思い出しちゃったけどw、すごく楽しかった！
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数年ぶりの対話でここまで付き合ってくれる友人神かよ…。
そんなこんなで久しぶりの会話が割と弾んでしまい、なんだかもっとたくさんの意見を聞いてみたい！と思い今回投稿をしてみた次第です。
YOASOBI「Into the night」を聴いて、皆さんはどんなことを考えましたか？
個人的にもう少し掘り下げてみたいな〜って感じているのは、
・「日本語らしさ」とは何か？（発音をどこまで崩しても「日本語」として認識されるか？）
という点ですね。
似たような試みをしたのは
COLTEMONIKHA「そらとぶひかり」
https://music.apple.com/jp/album/natural-lips/1538259833?i=1538259836
あたりかと思いますが、なんか言語学に詳しい方いらっしゃったらご教示頂けたら幸いです。
長文ご覧頂き誠にありがとうございました。
和訳がつめこみすぎてるだけで原語だとわりと聞けるってのは赤鼻のトナカイも同じなんだけど
“London Bridge Is Falling Down” Lyrics
London Bridge is falling down,
London Bridge is falling down,
My fair Lady.
Build it up with wood and clay,
Wood and clay, wood and clay,
Build it up with wood and clay,
My fair Lady.
My fair Lady.
Build it up with bricks and mortar,
Bricks and mortar, bricks and mortar,
Build it up with bricks and mortar,
My fair Lady.
Bricks and mortar will not stay,
Bricks and mortar will not stay,
My fair Lady.
Build it up with iron and steel,
Iron and steel, iron and steel,
Build it up with iron and steel,
My fair Lady.
Iron and steel will bend and bow,
Bend and bow, bend and bow,
Iron and steel will bend and bow,
My fair Lady.
Build it up with silver and gold,
Silver and gold, silver and gold,
Build it up with silver and gold,
My fair Lady.
Silver and gold will be stolen away,
Silver and gold will be stolen away,
My fair Lady.
Watch all night, watch all night,
My fair Lady.
Suppose the man should fall asleep,
Suppose the man should fall asleep?
My fair Lady.
Give him a pipe to smoke all night,
Smoke all night, smoke all night,
Give him a pipe to smoke all night,
My fair Lady.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrIiLvg58SY
FAIR WARNING "Rain Song"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhnOHvrTHx0
Fairground Attraction "perfect"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=txapREGWHp0
Glen Hansard and Marketa Irglova "Falling Slowly"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8mtXwtapX4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8SbUC-UaAxE
Michael Jackson "You Are Not Alone"
I'm really glad for them. The truth is, I thought that falling in love when you knew you'd have to part seemed pointless.But when I saw them together, I was happy from the bottom of my heart. Maybe worrying about future parting so much that you miss out on happiness in the present is waste.
Yes, Someday, we'll part. Maybe be forgotten. But we're living in the moment in full throttle!
Breathing in long, he discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, he discerns, 'I am breathing out long.' Or breathing in short, he discerns, 'I am breathing in short'; or breathing out short, he discerns, 'I am breathing out short.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming bodily fabrication.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming bodily fabrication.'
長く息を吸っているときには「私は長く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り（pajānāti）、長く息を吐いているときには「私は長く息を吐いている」とはっきり知る。短く息を吸っているときには「私は短く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り、短く息を吐いているときには「私は短く息を吐いている」とはっきり知る。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら（paṭisaṃvedī）息を吸おう」と訓練する（sikkhati）。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吐こう」と訓練する。「私は身行（＝吸う息）を静めて息を吸おう」と訓練する。「私は身行（＝吐く息）を静めて息を吐こう」と訓練する。
"And how does a monk remain focused on the body in & of itself?
では、比丘たちよ、比丘はどのようにして、体そのものに気づきを保ち続けるのでしょうか？
"There is the case where a monk — having gone to the wilderness, to the shade of a tree, or to an empty building — sits down folding his legs crosswise, holding his body erect and setting mindfulness to the fore [lit: the front of the chest]. Always mindful, he breathes in; mindful he breathes out.
ここにある比丘がいます — 彼は森へ行き、木の陰へ行き、あるいは空家に行き — 腰を下ろして足を組みます。背をまっすぐに伸ばし、そして気づきを（胸の）前部へと向けます。そして、常に気づきをもって、彼は入息します。気づきをもって、出息します。
"Breathing in long, he discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, he discerns, 'I am breathing out long.' Or breathing in short, he discerns, 'I am breathing in short'; or breathing out short, he discerns, 'I am breathing out short.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming bodily fabrication.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming bodily fabrication.' Just as a skilled turner or his apprentice, when making a long turn, discerns, 'I am making a long turn,' or when making a short turn discerns, 'I am making a short turn'; in the same way the monk, when breathing in long, discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, he discerns, 'I am breathing out long' ... He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming bodily fabrication.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming bodily fabrication.'
長く息を吸っているときには「私は長く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り、長く息を吐いているときには「私は長く息を吐いている」とはっきり知ります。短く息を吸っているときには「私は短く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り、短く息を吐いているときには「私は短く息を吐いている」とはっきり知ります。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吸おう」と訓練します。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吐こう」と訓練します。「私は身行（＝吸う息）を静めて息を吸おう」と訓練します。「私は身行（＝吐く息）を静めて息を吐こう」と訓練します。あたかも熟練したろくろ工、あるいはその弟子が、ろくろの紐を長く引っぱれば、「私は紐を長く引っぱる」と知り、紐を短く引っぱれば、「私は紐を短く引っぱる」と知るように。これと同じように、比丘が長く息を吸っているときには「私は長く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り、長く息を吐いているときには「私は長く息を吐いている」とはっきり知ります。・・・「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吸おう」と訓練します。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吐こう」と訓練します。
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in & of itself, or externally on the body in & of itself, or both internally & externally on the body in & of itself. Or he remains focused on the phenomenon of origination with regard to the body, on the phenomenon of passing away with regard to the body, or on the phenomenon of origination & passing away with regard to the body. Or his mindfulness that 'There is a body' is maintained to the extent of knowledge & remembrance. And he remains independent, unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in & of itself.
このように、比丘は内部から、体そのものに対して気づきを保ちます。あるいは、外部から体そのものに対して気づきを保ちます。あるいは、内部・外部両方から、体そのものに対して気づきを保ちます。あるいは、比丘は体に関する現象の発生に気づきを保ちます。体に関する現象の消滅に気づきを保ちます。あるいは、体に関する現象の発生と消滅に気づきを保ちます。あるいは、比丘の「体が存在する」という気づきは知識と想起の範囲で保たれます。そして比丘は独立を保ち、世界の何物にも執着しません。これが比丘が体そのものに気づきを保つ方法です。
"Furthermore, when walking, the monk discerns, 'I am walking.' When standing, he discerns, 'I am standing.' When sitting, he discerns, 'I am sitting.' When lying down, he discerns, 'I am lying down.' Or however his body is disposed, that is how he discerns it.
さらに加えて、比丘が歩いているとき、この比丘は「私は歩いている」とはっきりと知ります。立っているとき、この比丘は「私は立っている」とはっきり知ります。座っているときには、「私は座っている」とはっきりと知ります。横たわっているときには、「私は横たわっている」とはっきりと知ります。あるいは、体がどのような状態になるのであれ、はっきりとその状態を知ります。
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in & of itself, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in & of itself.
これが比丘が体そのものを内部から、あるいは外部から、あるいはその両方から気づきを保つ方法です。そして・・・世界の何物にも執着しません。これが比丘が体そのものに気づきを保つ方法です。
"Furthermore, when going forward & returning, he makes himself fully alert; when looking toward & looking away... when bending & extending his limbs... when carrying his outer cloak, his upper robe & his bowl... when eating, drinking, chewing, & savoring... when urinating & defecating... when walking, standing, sitting, falling asleep, waking up, talking, & remaining silent, he makes himself fully alert.
さらに加えて、比丘が前に進むとき・戻ってくるとき、この比丘は自身に完全に注意を払います。何かに目を向けるとき・目をそむけるときも同様に・・・手足を伸ばすとき・曲げるときも同様に・・・自分の外套（コートなど）を運ぶとき、自分の上着・お椀を運ぶときも同様に・・・食べるとき、飲むときに、噛むとき・味わうときも同様に・・・排尿するとき・排便するときも同様に・・・歩くとき、立つとき、座るとき、眠りに落ちる時、起きるとき、話すとき・沈黙するとき、比丘は自身に完全な注意を払います。
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in & of itself, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in & of itself.
これが比丘が体そのものに対して気づきを保つ方法です。あるいは体そのものを外部から・・・世界の何物にも執着しません。これが比丘が体そのものに対して気づきを保つ方法です。
瞑想とは何か・・・。上座部仏教徒にとって、瞑想とはなにかというテキスト的な役割を果たすのは清浄道論です。しかしながら、より実践的な瞑想の方法を学ぶためには他の仏典が参照されることもあります。今回は清浄道論でない仏典を参考にしつつ、より具体的に、瞑想とはどんなことをすればいいのかを見てみましょう。
さて、ヴィパッサナー瞑想の詳しい紹介に入る前に・・・そもそも、ヴィパッサナー瞑想はなぜ行われるのでしょうか。それに関して、例えば古代の仏典であるMaha-satipatthana Sutta（大念住経）にお釈迦様の言葉があります。
・比丘たちよ、ここに一つの道がある。その道とは、人々を清め、悲しみと悲泣を乗り越え、肉体と精神の痛みを滅し、聖なる道を得、涅槃を観るための唯一の道である。それは「四つの念住」である。
・この四つとは何か ? 比丘たちよ、比丘は、努力して、正しく知り、気づきをもって、そして世間の貪欲と憂いから離れて、「身」をただ（自分でもない、自分のものでもない、自我でもない、ただ現象に過ぎない）身であると絶え間なく知覚して住むことである。
・努力して、正しく知り、気づきをもって、そして世間の貪欲と憂いから離れて、「受（感覚）」をただ（自分でもない、自分のものでもない、自我でもない、ただ現象に過ぎない）受であると絶え間なく知覚して住むことである。
・努力して、正しく知り、気づきをもって、そして世間の貪欲と憂いから離れて、「心」をただ（自分でもない、自分のものでもない、自我でもない、ただ現象に過ぎない）心であると絶え間なく知覚して住むことである。
・努力して、正しく知り、気づきをもって、そして世間の貪欲と憂いから離れて、「法（ダンマ）」をただ（自分でもない、自分のものでもない、自我でもない、ただ現象に過ぎない）法であると絶え間なく知覚して住むことである。
すなわち、ヴィパッサナー瞑想をすることによって、知恵（insight あるいは understanding）が強まり、「自身」という存在をより正しく知ることができるのです。そして、その道を極めることによって、最終的には悟りすら得られる瞑想です。
それでは、ヴィパッサナー瞑想とはどんな瞑想なのでしょうか。ヴィパッサナー瞑想・・・といったときに、もっとも有名なのが呼吸を対象とする瞑想です。この呼吸瞑想はどこで紹介されているのかというと、やはり古代の仏典である、ānāpāna-sati（アーナパーナ・サティ）に記されています。このānāpāna-satiは、日本では安那般那念という名前で知られています。
wikipedia - 安那般那念
Anapanasati Sutta（Thanissaro Bhikkhuによる英訳版）
さて、安那般那念の該当部分を見てみましょう。ここにはこう書いてあります。（以下はwikipediaからの抜粋）
Breathing in long, he discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, he discerns, 'I am breathing out long.' Or breathing in short, he discerns, 'I am breathing in short'; or breathing out short, he discerns, 'I am breathing out short.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming bodily fabrication.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming bodily fabrication.'
長く息を吸っているときには「私は長く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り（pajānāti）、長く息を吐いているときには「私は長く息を吐いている」とはっきり知る。短く息を吸っているときには「私は短く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り、短く息を吐いているときには「私は短く息を吐いている」とはっきり知る。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら（paṭisaṃvedī）息を吸おう」と訓練する（sikkhati）。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吐こう」と訓練する。「私は身行（＝吸う息）を静めて息を吸おう」と訓練する。「私は身行（＝吐く息）を静めて息を吐こう」と訓練する。
これは呼吸瞑想を紹介する部分です。
しかし、瞑想について具体的に紹介しているのはānāpāna-satiだけではありません。Maha-satipatthana Sutta（大念住経）にも瞑想方法が紹介されています。ここには呼吸瞑想以外の瞑想方法が紹介されています。それを引用してみましょう。以下は英訳版Maha-satipatthana Suttaからの引用と、私による（英文の）和訳です。
"And how does a monk remain focused on the body in & of itself?
では、比丘たちよ、比丘はどのようにして、体そのものに気づきを保ち続けるのでしょうか？
"There is the case where a monk — having gone to the wilderness, to the shade of a tree, or to an empty building — sits down folding his legs crosswise, holding his body erect and setting mindfulness to the fore [lit: the front of the chest]. Always mindful, he breathes in; mindful he breathes out.
ここにある比丘がいます — 彼は森へ行き、木の陰へ行き、あるいは空家に行き — 腰を下ろして足を組みます。背をまっすぐに伸ばし、そして気づきを（胸の）前部へと向けます。そして、常に気づきをもって、彼は入息します。気づきをもって、出息します。
"Breathing in long, he discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, he discerns, 'I am breathing out long.' Or breathing in short, he discerns, 'I am breathing in short'; or breathing out short, he discerns, 'I am breathing out short.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming bodily fabrication.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming bodily fabrication.' Just as a skilled turner or his apprentice, when making a long turn, discerns, 'I am making a long turn,' or when making a short turn discerns, 'I am making a short turn'; in the same way the monk, when breathing in long, discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, he discerns, 'I am breathing out long' ... He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming bodily fabrication.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming bodily fabrication.'
長く息を吸っているときには「私は長く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り、長く息を吐いているときには「私は長く息を吐いている」とはっきり知ります。短く息を吸っているときには「私は短く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り、短く息を吐いているときには「私は短く息を吐いている」とはっきり知ります。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吸おう」と訓練します。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吐こう」と訓練します。「私は身行（＝吸う息）を静めて息を吸おう」と訓練します。「私は身行（＝吐く息）を静めて息を吐こう」と訓練します。あたかも熟練したろくろ工、あるいはその弟子が、ろくろの紐を長く引っぱれば、「私は紐を長く引っぱる」と知り、紐を短く引っぱれば、「私は紐を短く引っぱる」と知るように。これと同じように、比丘が長く息を吸っているときには「私は長く息を吸っている」とはっきり知り、長く息を吐いているときには「私は長く息を吐いている」とはっきり知ります。・・・「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吸おう」と訓練します。「私は全身の感覚を把握しながら息を吐こう」と訓練します。
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in & of itself, or externally on the body in & of itself, or both internally & externally on the body in & of itself. Or he remains focused on the phenomenon of origination with regard to the body, on the phenomenon of passing away with regard to the body, or on the phenomenon of origination & passing away with regard to the body. Or his mindfulness that 'There is a body' is maintained to the extent of knowledge & remembrance. And he remains independent, unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in & of itself.
このように、比丘は内部から、体そのものに対して気づきを保ちます。あるいは、外部から体そのものに対して気づきを保ちます。あるいは、内部・外部両方から、体そのものに対して気づきを保ちます。あるいは、比丘は体に関する現象の発生に気づきを保ちます。体に関する現象の消滅に気づきを保ちます。あるいは、体に関する現象の発生と消滅に気づきを保ちます。あるいは、比丘の「体が存在する」という気づきは知識と想起（注１）の範囲で保たれます。そして比丘は独立を保ち、世界の何物にも執着しません。これが比丘が体そのものに気づきを保つ方法です。
"Furthermore, when walking, the monk discerns, 'I am walking.' When standing, he discerns, 'I am standing.' When sitting, he discerns, 'I am sitting.' When lying down, he discerns, 'I am lying down.' Or however his body is disposed, that is how he discerns it.
さらに加えて、比丘が歩いているとき、この比丘は「私は歩いている」とはっきりと知ります。立っているとき、この比丘は「私は立っている」とはっきり知ります。座っているときには、「私は座っている」とはっきりと知ります。横たわっているときには、「私は横たわっている」とはっきりと知ります。あるいは、体がどのような状態になるのであれ、はっきりとその状態を知ります。
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in & of itself, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in & of itself.
これが比丘が体そのものを内部から、あるいは外部から、あるいはその両方から気づきを保つ方法です。そして・・・世界の何物にも執着しません。これが比丘が体そのものに気づきを保つ方法です。
"Furthermore, when going forward & returning, he makes himself fully alert; when looking toward & looking away... when bending & extending his limbs... when carrying his outer cloak, his upper robe & his bowl... when eating, drinking, chewing, & savoring... when urinating & defecating... when walking, standing, sitting, falling asleep, waking up, talking, & remaining silent, he makes himself fully alert.
さらに加えて、比丘が前に進むとき・戻ってくるとき、この比丘は自身に完全に注意を払います。何かに目を向けるとき・目をそむけるときも同様に・・・手足を伸ばすとき・曲げるときも同様に・・・自分の外套（コートなど）を運ぶとき、自分の上着・お椀を運ぶときも同様に・・・食べるとき、飲むときに、噛むとき・味わうときも同様に・・・排尿するとき・排便するときも同様に・・・歩くとき、立つとき、座るとき、眠りに落ちる時、起きるとき、話すとき・沈黙するとき、比丘は自身に完全な注意を払います。
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in & of itself, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in & of itself.
これが比丘が体そのものに対して気づきを保つ方法です。あるいは体そのものを外部から・・・世界の何物にも執着しません。これが比丘が体そのものに対して気づきを保つ方法です。
基本的には上記がヴィパッサナー瞑想だと考えればよいでしょう。このヴィパッサナー瞑想は近代の指導者たちに、さまざまに解釈されています。
注1 ここで、「想起」という言葉は「思い出す」という意味です。
Ангелы и демоны кружили надо мной
アンゲリ ヒ デモヌィ クリジーニ ナダ ヌァイ
Разбивали тернии и звёздные пути
Не знает счастья только тот,
ニャズ ニャアー チャアアア デャ アアー ゴァート
Кто его зова понять не смог...
Aeria gloris, Aeria gloris
Aeria gloris, Aeria gloris
I am Calling Calling now, Spirits rise and falling
Собой остаться дольше...
サオ エ ア スタッツァ ドルシェ
Calling Calling, in the depth of longing
Собой остаться дольше...
サオ エ ア スタッツァ ドルシェ
モレド ロージズ
モレド ロージズ
Aeria gloris, Aeria gloris
Aeria gloris, Aeria gloris
Stand alone... Where was life when it had a ... meaning...
Stand alone... Nothing's real anymore (..and...)
...Бесконечный бег...
ベスコン ニェッチイ ヒェ(ベッ)グ
Пока жива я могу старатьсяна лету не упасть,
ポッカ チュイー バアー ヤマグ スタラッツア ナ レェ プヘノパースト
Не разучиться мечтать... любить...
ニャラアーフジーツアメシュターット リュビーット
...Бесконечный бег...
ベスコン ニェッチイ ヒェ(ベッ)グ
Calling Calling, For the place of knowing
There's more than what can be linked
Calling Calling, Never will I look away
Yearning Yearning, for what's left of loving
Собой остаться дольше...
サオ エ ア スタッツァ ドルシェ
Calling Calling now, Spirits rise and falling
Собой остаться дольше...
サオ エ ア スタッツァ ドルシェ
Calling Calling, in the depth of longing
Собой остаться дольше...
サオ エ ア スタッツァ ドルシェ
Early winter sky, like the patient's face the overcast, day to sink. Anxiety emotions such as this pervading the mist, tightly in my mind, catch my breath. This noon, the sun finally broke through the cloud and mist, show smiling face. The golden sunshine, the clear as on snow, warm warm silver fai in the flow. My heart like this in the window sunshine, suddenly lit up. On the vast expanse of the forms.it, bathed in the warm sunshine, the in the mind unspeakable joy, really want to in the sparkling on snow run, to release under pressure in the life, the one anxious heart, make it in the warm Yang blowing quiet quiet stretch open, as Snow White pure it gently the each place, leave a light the tranquil, calm in heart ripples.
The winter warm Yang heartily of vent to their hot, sprinkle with golden way way, the snow on glaring multicoloured halo, like in a split up around me gorgeous flowers. And as a series of colorful picture, in my sight of dreaming floating, I stand still didn't dare move, very afraid that move will put it like running scared. The sun be warm in my body, face and hands gently touched, a thick warm meaning in my heart rise, and then a puzzling to love is full whole body. Oh! I see, the soft touch, it's like my lover it. As the sun jade-like stone son bright smile, as if appear in the shadows. And when she left the same way, or that naughty smile, two small dimples with the face. She bantered said "to chase me! After a good deal for you win." I'm excited, but at a loss, just gazing at the light faded away in her in in the distance, RenXue the ground I do the footprints of the lonely, in lightly sigh.
Sunshine slowly breeze snow, the BaiXueShan quietly accept this trust god's touch. Like the girl like falling in love with lover's arms in school, doing the colorful dream. I was the true meaning of the snow moved and also enjoy stealthily warm winter sun kissing. The light sad like the like melted, had been in my memory, such as the white as forms.it of, did not leave traces. My heart immersed in the warmth of sunshine, and in the winter it forms.it quietly in fell asleep.
The winter warming Yang, don't abandon not to leave, waiting at my side, as my mother was waiting for the I, with all my heart, have no complaint. It let me understand, life not only it is the exhaustion of body and mind, worried restlessness. There is a kind of beautiful scenery, on our side. In fact they have been waiting for us, as long as pay attention side a flower, a leaf, a wisp of spring breeze, a rain, a snow, a blue sky, and so on. Like I say to this winter warm sample, calm down to, fine fine ground to observe, and deeply to taste, will get unexpected harvest.
http://www.chargerbatteryshop.co.uk
When the diesel generators were gone, the reactor operators switched to emergency battery power. The batteries were designed as one of the backups to the backups, to provide power for cooling the core for 8 hours. And they did.
Within the 8 hours, another power source had to be found and connected to the power plant. The power grid was down due to the earthquake. The diesel generators were destroyed by the tsunami. So mobile diesel generators were trucked in.
This is where things started to go seriously wrong. The external power generators could not be connected to the power plant (the plugs did not fit). So after the batteries ran out, the residual heat could not be carried away any more.
At this point the plant operators begin to follow emergency procedures that are in place for a “loss of cooling event”. It is again a step along the “Depth of Defense” lines. The power to the cooling systems should never have failed completely, but it did, so they “retreat” to the next line of defense. All of this, however shocking it seems to us, is part of the day-to-day training you go through as an operator, right through to managing a core meltdown.
It was at this stage that people started to talk about core meltdown. Because at the end of the day, if cooling cannot be restored, the core will eventually melt (after hours or days), and the last line of defense, the core catcher and third containment, would come into play.
But the goal at this stage was to manage the core while it was heating up, and ensure that the first containment (the Zircaloy tubes that contains the nuclear fuel), as well as the second containment (our pressure cooker) remain intact and operational for as long as possible, to give the engineers time to fix the cooling systems.
Because cooling the core is such a big deal, the reactor has a number of cooling systems, each in multiple versions (the reactor water cleanup system, the decay heat removal, the reactor core isolating cooling, the standby liquid cooling system, and the emergency core cooling system). Which one failed when or did not fail is not clear at this point in time.
So imagine our pressure cooker on the stove, heat on low, but on. The operators use whatever cooling system capacity they have to get rid of as much heat as possible, but the pressure starts building up. The priority now is to maintain integrity of the first containment (keep temperature of the fuel rods below 2200°C), as well as the second containment, the pressure cooker. In order to maintain integrity of the pressure cooker (the second containment), the pressure has to be released from time to time. Because the ability to do that in an emergency is so important, the reactor has 11 pressure release valves. The operators now started venting steam from time to time to control the pressure. The temperature at this stage was about 550°C.
This is when the reports about “radiation leakage” starting coming in. I believe I explained above why venting the steam is theoretically the same as releasing radiation into the environment, but why it was and is not dangerous. The radioactive nitrogen as well as the noble gases do not pose a threat to human health.
At some stage during this venting, the explosion occurred. The explosion took place outside of the third containment (our “last line of defense”), and the reactor building. Remember that the reactor building has no function in keeping the radioactivity contained. It is not entirely clear yet what has happened, but this is the likely scenario: The operators decided to vent the steam from the pressure vessel not directly into the environment, but into the space between the third containment and the reactor building (to give the radioactivity in the steam more time to subside). The problem is that at the high temperatures that the core had reached at this stage, water molecules can “disassociate” into oxygen and hydrogen – an explosive mixture. And it did explode, outside the third containment, damaging the reactor building around. It was that sort of explosion, but inside the pressure vessel (because it was badly designed and not managed properly by the operators) that lead to the explosion of Chernobyl. This was never a risk at Fukushima. The problem of hydrogen-oxygen formation is one of the biggies when you design a power plant (if you are not Soviet, that is), so the reactor is build and operated in a way it cannot happen inside the containment. It happened outside, which was not intended but a possible scenario and OK, because it did not pose a risk for the containment.
So the pressure was under control, as steam was vented. Now, if you keep boiling your pot, the problem is that the water level will keep falling and falling. The core is covered by several meters of water in order to allow for some time to pass (hours, days) before it gets exposed. Once the rods start to be exposed at the top, the exposed parts will reach the critical temperature of 2200 °C after about 45 minutes. This is when the first containment, the Zircaloy tube, would fail.
And this started to happen. The cooling could not be restored before there was some (very limited, but still) damage to the casing of some of the fuel. The nuclear material itself was still intact, but the surrounding Zircaloy shell had started melting. What happened now is that some of the byproducts of the uranium decay – radioactive Cesium and Iodine – started to mix with the steam. The big problem, uranium, was still under control, because the uranium oxide rods were good until 3000 °C. It is confirmed that a very small amount of Cesium and Iodine was measured in the steam that was released into the atmosphere.
It seems this was the “go signal” for a major plan B. The small amounts of Cesium that were measured told the operators that the first containment on one of the rods somewhere was about to give. The Plan A had been to restore one of the regular cooling systems to the core. Why that failed is unclear. One plausible explanation is that the tsunami also took away / polluted all the clean water needed for the regular cooling systems.
The water used in the cooling system is very clean, demineralized (like distilled) water. The reason to use pure water is the above mentioned activation by the neutrons from the Uranium: Pure water does not get activated much, so stays practically radioactive-free. Dirt or salt in the water will absorb the neutrons quicker, becoming more radioactive. This has no effect whatsoever on the core – it does not care what it is cooled by. But it makes life more difficult for the operators and mechanics when they have to deal with activated (i.e. slightly radioactive) water.
But Plan A had failed – cooling systems down or additional clean water unavailable – so Plan B came into effect. This is what it looks like happened:
In order to prevent a core meltdown, the operators started to use sea water to cool the core. I am not quite sure if they flooded our pressure cooker with it (the second containment), or if they flooded the third containment, immersing the pressure cooker. But that is not relevant for us.
The point is that the nuclear fuel has now been cooled down. Because the chain reaction has been stopped a long time ago, there is only very little residual heat being produced now. The large amount of cooling water that has been used is sufficient to take up that heat. Because it is a lot of water, the core does not produce sufficient heat any more to produce any significant pressure. Also, boric acid has been added to the seawater. Boric acid is “liquid control rod”. Whatever decay is still going on, the Boron will capture the neutrons and further speed up the cooling down of the core.
The plant came close to a core meltdown. Here is the worst-case scenario that was avoided: If the seawater could not have been used for treatment, the operators would have continued to vent the water steam to avoid pressure buildup. The third containment would then have been completely sealed to allow the core meltdown to happen without releasing radioactive material. After the meltdown, there would have been a waiting period for the intermediate radioactive materials to decay inside the reactor, and all radioactive particles to settle on a surface inside the containment. The cooling system would have been restored eventually, and the molten core cooled to a manageable temperature. The containment would have been cleaned up on the inside. Then a messy job of removing the molten core from the containment would have begun, packing the (now solid again) fuel bit by bit into transportation containers to be shipped to processing plants. Depending on the damage, the block of the plant would then either be repaired or dismantled.
Now, where does that leave us?
・The plant is safe now and will stay safe.
・Japan is looking at an INES Level 4 Accident: Nuclear accident with local consequences. That is bad for the company that owns the plant, but not for anyone else.
・Some radiation was released when the pressure vessel was vented. All radioactive isotopes from the activated steam have gone (decayed). A very small amount of Cesium was released, as well as Iodine. If you were sitting on top of the plants’ chimney when they were venting, you should probably give up smoking to return to your former life expectancy. The Cesium and Iodine isotopes were carried out to the sea and will never be seen again.
・There was some limited damage to the first containment. That means that some amounts of radioactive Cesium and Iodine will also be released into the cooling water, but no Uranium or other nasty stuff (the Uranium oxide does not “dissolve” in the water). There are facilities for treating the cooling water inside the third containment. The radioactive Cesium and Iodine will be removed there and eventually stored as radioactive waste in terminal storage.
・The seawater used as cooling water will be activated to some degree. Because the control rods are fully inserted, the Uranium chain reaction is not happening. That means the “main” nuclear reaction is not happening, thus not contributing to the activation. The intermediate radioactive materials (Cesium and Iodine) are also almost gone at this stage, because the Uranium decay was stopped a long time ago. This further reduces the activation. The bottom line is that there will be some low level of activation of the seawater, which will also be removed by the treatment facilities.
・The seawater will then be replaced over time with the “normal” cooling water
・The reactor core will then be dismantled and transported to a processing facility, just like during a regular fuel change.
・Fuel rods and the entire plant will be checked for potential damage. This will take about 4-5 years.
・The safety systems on all Japanese plants will be upgraded to withstand a 9.0 earthquake and tsunami (or worse)
・I believe the most significant problem will be a prolonged power shortage. About half of Japan’s nuclear reactors will probably have to be inspected, reducing the nation’s power generating capacity by 15%. This will probably be covered by running gas power plants that are usually only used for peak loads to cover some of the base load as well. That will increase your electricity bill, as well as lead to potential power shortages during peak demand, in Japan.
If you want to stay informed, please forget the usual media outlets and consult the following websites:
http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/RS_Battle_to_stabilise_earthquake_reactors_1203111.html
http://bravenewclimate.com/2011/03/12/japan-nuclear-earthquake/
http://ansnuclearcafe.org/2011/03/11/media-updates-on-nuclear-power-stations-in-japan/
