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はてなキーワード: AMとは

2011-12-28

Summer scenery to take pictures of small skills

Undesirable cameras benefits us many 100 % satisfaction, leading to numerous spectacular images, as well as the hot months is operating relating to dependable summertime. This specific classmate through break free will be able to figure out any tons in addition to waterways, downtown along with far-away beautiful gardening, and yet may these pure attractiveness to become a memento playing hit decrease, apart from skin color boil due to the high-end digicam purpose, a great deal more simple could be to evaluation whatever taking pictures competency as well as having photos. The amount, smaller try to make your work latest many of the summer season harvesting powerful see to it, typically the classmate need to next image have a go through, you become this confidently unexpected wonder.

Digital cameras would bring us lots of enjoyment, leaving a myriad of unique images, and summertime is journeying in wonderful summer season. The classmate throughout the getaway can recognize that reams together with estuaries and rivers, metropolitan and also countryside attractive panoramas, yet take place all these charm being a memento opportunity straight down, together with steam as a result of a camcorder operation, a lot more crucial is usually to examine ones own taking functionality and also taking photographs. That period, the little generate your choice have quite a few summer months firing effective be mindful, the particular classmate may as well within the next snapshot have a shot at, you will get the particular total surprising stun.

Household landscapes

By out of doors firing indoors panoramas, basic will need throughout the Windows 7, out-of-doors mild typically currently have more substantial indoors light-weight, now a couple of challenges ought to be sorted out, is the particular coverage time frame, a couple of it truly is in order to avoid a display reflective, when pics of any camera through hands-on management operate, might take number of years coverage setting up, when photographic camera goes so that you can twit style, can easily will likely be ISO level of sensitivity Surroundings bump up, this ISO 2 hundred or perhaps ISO six hundred aiming.

Inside panorama 's best golf shot employing a tripod, in any other case, wants a spot to guide, one example is in opposition to any divider and entry, and even the true reason for executing it is because very long coverage is quite effortless construct any digital camera protein shake, producing photographs regarding fluffy envision. It's best to utilize the shutter launch, or perhaps utilize to get center-weighted avoiding relocate a video camera. Notice: except if absolutely necessary, tend not to available the particular pen, stay clear of a lot more reflective.

Out-of-doors landscapes

Bring that landscape designs from the probability with the photo may well schedule some individuals or even factors, and this also may help the room inside the operation of your view photos. Get a large surfaces area photos, as an example the veranda as well as the roof top, hillside, for example. Typically inside the mid-day is without a doubt the most suitable time frame filming this landscapes. Filming, having a polarizer to adjust a illumination with the stars, produce the particular heavens develop into dreary quite a few, well known from the glowing blue stars the white kind of fog up, as a way to boost the space or room repeatedly.

Several virtually no guidebook vulnerability management of any camera together with location form, as well as the landscape designs way is completely features on the list of manner, you are able to use landscape designs way to adopt shots. Together with handbook vulnerability restrain photographic camera might opt for aperture goal option that will movie, aperture to help acquired far better pick out F8 to help you photograph or maybe F11, this photo will be extra management concentrations senses.

houses

The particular modify on the urban center is without a doubt switching, specifically together with a lot of approach large establishing intended for symbolize, and also this are at recent many portrait digital photography buffs including firing template.

Yet typical photographic camera through simply how much suitable container distortion, hence as a way to make an effort to reduce the photograph of your deformation belonging to the accumulating " up ", thus you ought to pick around substantial thoughts and opinions filming. One example is inside the steps, or perhaps some other might help the beliefs with area. If you fail to find the correct destination for a reside, you can from the again, clear of the particular lead entity to cut back a distortion. Maybe you've employed the greatest wide-angle standard zoom lens. Vivid stars will be able to replace with a developing with the darkish. Having a polarizer to cut back or perhaps wipe out construction with reflective a glass. In addition to, certainly, consume an excellent know with the can make one of a kind imaginative results.

mineral water

Firing apply or maybe a aerosol in waters, incorporate the use of part mild and also backlight try to make waters intended for introducing see through pattern. Several novices all of coveted by a really "splash with photos, in truth, I am able to effortlessly applied for, so the hurrying h2o glance alot more downy, have got a form of passionate blur. Shutter possibly inside 1/10 so that you can 1/6 erinarians regulate might get move cosmetic perception for splash pics.

At night and also night time

Local plumber to be able to sunset taking scenario regarding is usually 15-30 moments, next the stars always possess some colouring failed to ends. As a way to raise the graphic with the amount with subject, can easily on the ending with the passage and also uncover several regarding an individual's special world. It is as well the location where the tripod on has to be, commonly programmed coverage is definitely o . k ., yet you should attempt to utilize hands-on visibility, and also the employment of the particular shutter put out restrain taking, respectively for 2, 5, 8, 12 and also of sixteen secs shutter tempo so that you can capture some photo contrast.

Needless to say now and again continue to are able to use ISO200 to help you photograph, yet so that you can be aware of an electronic camcorder with disturbance handle is normally adequate, when pixels will be overweight, or maybe together with ISO100 contrasting by using base style to help motion picture.

In truth firing night time scenarios, at times to be able to as well do not require that filming with step-by-step developing oh, this streets these kinds of, a small amount convert tips plus aiming design and style, might get the result of experiencing a specialized pattern.



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Brain distant a person

Nights, downward the actual curtain on the darkish. Rather busy day time people hurried towards home, along with the family unit. Daily belonging to the noisy town also proceeds towards the an old days or weeks all the tranquility. You bent LengYue has quietly hung in the shrubs, conceal behind the cloud towards relaxation daily belonging to the famous actors equally slowly awaken, start that rudiments associated with eyes, for the pulsating complete too stunning light.

I'm keen on private, to be a person at dusk the actual quiet not to mention delightful roadway for any go around. Additionally helpful to wander by themselves from this peaceful tiny most people about the roadways of skip anyone far away. While, WE need to know your location, also need to know in case you have consider me personally, however Actually, i know that right now, AS I genuinely wish to, beneficial presume a person......

If a wind power blowing into my personal heart, a center on instantly from the thoughts from films for hills. Because a vibrant moonlight on when in front of me personally, AS I view the moon has your own shadow. After the very first planet that's delightful some blasting music artist presently of the nighttime sky, WE apparently read the your wish and your ideal. In the event the moment meteor throughout from prior to me, as i similar my personal eyes, their hands collapsed for the shooting take the leading role developed a small amount, that is certainly, I allow meteor is actually my would like most people not to mention lose for you, and even inform you about, Now i am that quiet night, not a soul, great issue around far-away place of a person......

Winter weather event really black, extended, moreover very cold, AS I nevertheless wandering in this particular lengthy long occasion, for the reason that event WE surround, allow ice cold blowing wind blowing such as me, WHEN I is not aware. My center will be as if from most people glow thinkings from the terminate, getting rid of, this steamy the actual fire. The continue within boiling, the brain within rolling, the sensing stuffed, I adore floating within......

Guess what happens? So i'm scared on the dark, though adore within the night. So i'm scared on the cold, just who dropped fond of snow. I adore one, not saying you. WHEN I forget a person, though cannot explain. Since you also contain your own dream, you could have ones own goal, you could have your task, you could have much more the position and responsibilities. Well, i find it difficult to trouble you, find it difficult to supply you with difficulty, alot more cannot help you for WE distractions. Although I'm sure your own with the mind even wish to everybody, however I am able to only place you with the spirit. Silence from the heart belonging to the range to pass-up most people...

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2011-12-19

Tonight, the star are obsessed heart

【 1 】 searching. Summer mood

Warm sunshine in the body and melted the remaining the sorrow, but increase some warm meaning. Half a narrowed her eyes, look long rear its head, the suspension of the golden ball still smiled at me. The window, have always liked position, whether in the coffee shop or the teahouse or is a fast-food restaurant, as long as is the place all to sit down for the habitual by a window. So, I can clearly see the outside world, see clearly in the outside walk every one.

I am a fear of stay in that vague world people, can now, are steps into the relationship that vague. Once the countless times told himself, the person to work to clear and plainly, clean, neat. But, now of oneself, not only drag, ya, indecision is at sixes and sevens, blurred.

Summer, is a hot season, also is a easily lose season. Each people all have everyone's temper, and summer, let everyone's temper to acme. Stimulate each other's sensory nerve, little the release of anger. They have with anger, with anger passing, also have with anger of fighting the performance...

All kinds of people are full of all kinds of release methods, and I still slowly, don't worry about being by your side. Pay attention to you every day the fickle mood, ponder your mood every day of good and bad. Sometimes think, time is like a medicine, and like a poison. It makes us forget the pain before, but start the next paragraph sad. It let we abandon our past and desolate, but to a desolate.

【 2 】 summer. Away from grief

Spring as the fallen petal go, wearing a suit LuYeEr of summer in the jump in the warm wind coming, I like winning, jubilant welcome the arrival of the summer. I like summer, like the warm sunshine. Like the sunrise, also like the sunset. Like the golden sun, also like the warmth of sunshine.

Where there is sun, and I feel that my world will not too cold.

Where there is sun, and I feel that my life not too dark.

Where there is sun, and I think the world is full of hope.

Had the sunlight, I have confidence has been waiting for you.

The recent weather and began to change is full of sunshine in the morning, and at noon, will see the sun's trail, the change is the roaring winds, bully touching each corner, don't allow a little resistance. Recently is always looking for a variety of ways, to ease his trouble and sorrow. No longer let oneself and sad hook, no longer let yourself with tears become attached to, so, no longer let their sorrow.

Recently, always looking for all kinds of things to do, like have do not like, just like it or not, will be serious to do. So it won't have too much time to think some the mess of things, so that it doesn't always have my insignificant problem into the inside and you weep alone.

[3] night. sensational

With only a sunshine gradually exit out of the window, the moonlight slowly emerging, tight with all kinds of the stars also slowly appeared in the sky. The earth is a light moonlight and the stars into romantic ornament night. Little stars sings like pearl inlaid in under the canopy, ShanShanDe with a light, and the next you said nothing, as if to see this wonderful night.

Into that familiar with the place, the habitual open air conditioning, open the curtains, the outside world is still so wonderful, the stars and not because night and receding, but more glow. At the moment, finally understand, why do so many people like stars in the night, the night the crush.

Tonight's you, different from ordinary, striking a little can't believe. Don't know is his vision, or a real feelings, whether true or not true world. All like tonight's you, suddenly a few days before the fall of all scores brought. Perhaps that is part of your charm.

Night, still as black, so quiet. Just, tonight's night, less afraid.

I and, as usual, quiet looking at the sleeping you, the mouth cape raise filar silk smile and this is that light taste happiness?

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2011-11-04

Today, I was informed of my student's having passed Eiken 3rd grade.

I am pleased that he is growing up more and more.

Yesterday, I went to a MC to eat a new hamburger.

it is named KBQ burger.

really not bad. it was delicious.

hahaha, thank you for your kindness of catching up with my poor English.

2011-11-03

I am confused that I should go on with work now.

I don't have compalint of my office, but I have a dream that I become a professional.

If keep working in the surroundings now, I might waste my precious time to achieve my goal.

hahaha, thank you for your kindness of catching up with my poor English.

2011-10-02

中国韓国でもモンゴロイド=自国人、それ以外=外国人という前提で人を見るのか

仕事で一週間ほど中国本土と香港マカオに行ってきた。

どこ行っても中国語広東語北京語)で話しかけられたので多分現地民かもしくは中国大陸からの移住者または旅行者と思われていたのだろう。

こちらの反応がないのを見て外国人だと悟り英語で話しかけられる。

世界中から人が集まる上海空港でも香港マカオの一流ホテルでもそうだった。

外国人と分かったら「日本人?」「韓国人?」「日本人韓国人?」と聞かれることが多かった。

空港や著名な観光地では白人などもたくさんおり、彼らには最初から英語で話しかけていたようだった。


どころか日本人から英語

「これはマカオパタカで表示されているのか?香港ドルか?」と聞かれたので、

わざと現地民のふりをして英語で答えた。

最後

「Are you Japanese? You spoke Japanese,I heard.」と言ったら

Yes,you understand Japanese?」と返されたので

Yes,of course,because I am Japanese!」と言ってやったので相手もびっくりしていた。

ローカルコンビニでのことだったので、地元しかいないと思っていたらしい。



日本でもほかに情報がない限りはモンゴロイド人間がいたらまず自国民だと信じて日本語で話しかけるだろうし、

西洋人だったら日本語を理解する可能性を想定せず英語で話しかけると思う。

日本語に堪能な非英語圏白人日本帰化して日本人になっても、

白人というだけで英語しか会話させてもらえないということで、

自分はいつまでたってもガイジン扱いだ」と嘆いていたのを思い出した。


中国とか韓国とかでもモンゴロイドなら自国民と信じ、白人だったら最初から国語など理解することのできない英語話者とみなすのだろうか?



また中国本土と香港マカオとではだいぶ差があったし、

中国本土内でも上海都市部ローカル田舎とでもだいぶ差があった。

香港マカオではほとんどどこに行っても英語が通じる。

ローカルなお店を除いては大抵英語併記。マカオに至ってはポルトガル語も加えて三言語併記。

ローカルなお店やタクシーの運転手に通じないこともあるが、

少なくとも通じる人をどうにかして捕まえられる環境は常にあったと思う。

ところがマカオから海をフェリーものの10分渡って中国の片田舎に入ると、

英語併記はまったくなく、住民も英語を理解しない人ばかり、

こちらが中国語を理解しないことを分かっていても中国語で話しかけてくる。

物価もずっと安いしトイレもきれいじゃないし、国境を越えただけでここまで環境が異なるのかと啞然とした。

2011-09-08

Feeling of the cat

Translated from http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20110907020451




For a long time, I am in a dark box.




According to someone's comment I heard outside of the box, a tiny bottle containing deadly poison is located in this box. Although the bottle is completely sealed, a hammer is positioned in the vicinity of the bottle. And they said the hammer would fall down at a certain time.




When is "the certain time"? I don't know. In this very moment? Or distant future? Possibly, it already has come (I don't want to think about it). No one can affect the hammer. As an independent event, it will fall down with probability 50%. The probability is exactly 50%. Possibly, the bottle may be broken, or may not. About myself, dead, or, alive.




I must say, how terrible the situation is.




It is impossible for me to avoid having a furious indignation. My life, the most important issue for me, is completely away from me, and is solely dependent on the simple figure, FIFTY PERCENT! Too much terrible.




Additionally, and I think it is completely unreasonable, I am shackled in many ways to keep the probability at exactly 50%.




Visual perception. The box is completely shielded from any light. It's for avoiding me from finding and destroying the bottle and apparatus. Complete darkness. I am in the total darkness. Thus, now I can’t see even the outline of myself. Possibly it sounds strange, the darkness makes me have a doubt about the existence of my body itself.




Acoustic perception. Maybe, from the reason I mentioned above, a perfect sound insulation is used. I can’t hear even the voice of my own. I don't know the mechanism. In the first place, as I can’t see anything, how can I investigate it? So, this is only a speculation, possibly, my drum membranes were damaged before enclosure in this box, or, some special material is used for the wall of the box.




Anyway, in a dark box too much good at shielding light and sound, my visual and acoustic perception is dead just as the term indicates.




As if further confirmation are needed, a huge fatigue weighing heavily upon me is another shackle for me. It seems that they gave me some kind of muscle relaxant to avoid me from struggling. As I can’t change from the same posture, my tactile perception is almost paralyzed.




No light. No sound. Smell and taste are unreliable. Tactile perception is in malfunction. I am like a puppet. All the five senses are out of control of mine. Too much cruel. Perfect shackles. I wish if they had given a sleeping medicine. I feel I am in agony without any external injury. My life, my existence itself, is completely ignored. Such a humiliation keeps my sanity. Only such a humiliation can.




The right to control the life and death of myself is completely deprived. I hate such situation. The core determinant of the continuity of my life is completely dependent upon, solely upon, a pure probability. Completely away from anyone's will. I hate it, again, I hate it!




Why do I have to be enclosed in such a box? In such a ridiculous box, why do I have to be in fear of life and death with such perfect shackles?




Unreasonable. Cruel.




I am lonely. Am I feeling empty and flat? Difficult to avoid sobbing? No. My loneliness is much deeper. I am in a sea of void. I am alone. Completely alone. As an orphan, I was thrown into this endless darkness. I am quivering in the absolute zero.




There is no perspective in this box. Only the darkness is here. I can’t feel the bottle and the hammer. I can’t feel the wall, the bottom, and the ceiling neither. They should be there. But all the five senses of mine are deprived. I feel like there is nothing. While those things have some meanings.




Speaking honestly, I am not so sure I am in a box. I am sure that what I am exists. I am thinking. I am fantasizing. It is the evidence showing the uniqueness of mine, which is called the ego or the consciousness or the mind, is solid. But, is the uniqueness is truly enclosed in the box? Is it possible that it is floating in another space? I can’t eliminate such doubts.




Possibly, what I am here is floating in the end of the universe, or is lying down at the bottom of the Mariana Trench. Or going down from a vent of the Kilauea volcano, maybe.




I don't have any method to know how the box (enclosing me) is. All the senses of mine are dead. It is impossible for me to determine whether here is inside of a box or not.




In addition to that, I am not so sure that I am truly alive. I don't have any way to confirm such a simple thing. Possibly, the 50% probability has already passed beyond me. Maybe I am already dead. I am still alive, maybe. Injected with muscle relaxant, shallow breathes, weak heartbeats. Or, cessation of all of them, simply leaving meat bolus.




I am deprived of any capability of controlling my own body. Who can say that my mind resides in the body continuing vital activities? The five senses have been poisoned with the total darkness. They can’t function as sensory organs. I don't have any chance to know the truth. Possibly, any supposition is fabricated by myself. The situation surrounding me and the uniqueness of myself are components of programmed role-play, possibly.




About the existence of mine, I can’t determine the behavior. I hate to admit it, but I am in the middle of fluctuation.




I wish someone could find me. I wish someone could open the box and observe how I am, and determine what I am. There is not enough power inside me to do so. All I can do is to continue to quiver in the loneliness.




If I were the Almighty, I could say "Let there be light". I know it is impossible. But I can‘t help feeling how nice it would be if I could say so.




My own free will! It could fix every fluctuation surrounding myself!




At the same time, longing produces shadow. If the box is opened, I will be found and observed. As a result, what I am will be determined. To tell the truth, I can’t look away from the fact I am anxious about being determined.




Although I am unable to determine whether I am alive or dead by myself, I am afraid of the death. I am afraid that I am determined as a dead. I can’t accept. Still I can’t feel, I can’t imagine the death as a specific phenomenon. Probably, that is why I am afraid of death.




No, it should not be restricted to me. King of virtue. Deadly murderer. Regular folks. All the same. Maybe, the elder people or patients of bad disease could have some imagination sufficiently close to the true death. But, even so, it is impossible to know the specific experience of death.




In the end, death is the final destination with overwhelming significance. The time and the consciousness have an absolute irreversibility. Death also has the absoluteness which can’t be changed. Even if it is a ritual pass point or an outstanding impressive event.




Myself, the mind of mine here is, will be vanished at the moment at which how I am is determined. If they deprive the lukewarm water, in which I can’t feel the temperature, it is impossible for me to avoid exposing myself to the air.




I am afraid of such an irreversible change. It is not limited to the determination of death. Also I am so anxious that I am determined being alive.




The current existence of myself is like a tiny, tiny illusion standing on an endless point. Not larger than that. Not smaller than that. Not longer than that. Not shorter than that. No expansion. No shrinkage. Standing upon a unique single point. It is mathematically correct. I am something like a ghost staying upon such a point, having confusion about identity of myself.




The point exists at every position on a plane of coordinates, at the same time, not existing at a certain position. If a certain event occurs, on that moment, it will converge me to a single point among all the space-times, in which the event has occurred, as if having me step off a bus. Without any concern. Even if the point and I have been a one. The illusion, which has stayed in such a point, has possibilities of being real and being vanished like a mist, to an equal degree.




Now, I am existing in every time-space, I have every nature. At the same time, I am suffering from the loneliness that I am away from every nature. I wish someone can find me. At the same time, I am so anxious that where I will be, and that how I will be at that moment.




I have been released from the law of cause and effect. I am undetermined ever, for ever.

2011-08-16

初音ミクラジオ公開放送

NHKAMを聞いている。秋葉原から生中継らしい。

初音ミク特集。

固有の企業商標だと思うけど、ここまでくると社会現象として認識されているってことなのだろうか。

音楽技術ネットの話題に疎い人にとっては、初音ミクという音源ソフトがあって、それで作った音楽の特集なんだよとか、音源の元の声になった人が出ているんだよみたいな情報は伝わらないんだろうなと思った。

ラジオで説明するのは難しいだろうけど、最初10分くらいで、このテクノロジーのすごい部分の説明をしてから音楽に入ったほうが、NHKフォーマット面白いのではないかと思った。

国民に対する教育要素があるのかという視点があったほうがベターだと思う。

追記

ボーカロイド系を総称して、「エレ歌」という言葉を作っていた。初耳。

追記2

カイトさんとメイコさんはの声は、声優さんじゃなくて、ちゃんとしたアーティストさんなんですよ」

ちゃんとしたアーティスト定義って何よw

http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20110816114620

さっとラジオ用天気図用紙第2号を取り出して

AMラジオ聞きながらきれいな天気図書き出す娘がいたら

俺なら惚れちゃうのになあ・・・

2011-07-27

古い手紙

僕が死ぬ死ぬ病を発病していた頃に書いた手紙アウトライン

- [ ] I don't feel angry and hate.

- [ ] I still cry, worry and sad. That is ok. Life is not that simple to anybody

- [ ] What I really want is for you to be happy.

- [ ] I still want to disappear sometimes because I can't imagine I can be happy without you. You changed my life definition of happiness.

- [ ] this line needs to be considered

- [ ] But I always could not do it. There are too many people around me to do that.

- [ ] this line is not good.

- [ ] So I'm very lucky that I got a lot of friends and words that I need at the moment I need. I was thinking in a different way sometimes. But now I can see I am very lucky.

- [ ] You changed me a lot. There's a lot of things i know in my mind. You gave me a chance to make that happen.

日付は 2008 年 4月になってる。

2011-07-26

test

栖×かつ× - 10:09 AM - Public

正常な人ならコミュニティ人間関係トラブルを起こしたらいろんなことを考えて抜けると思うんだけどそういう責任を取らないでのうのうとのさばってるやつ大嫌い。また同じ過ちを犯すだろうしな。なにしろ腹黒く裏の顔がある人物だから。他の人にバレなきゃ別にいいやと思ってやってんだろうな。だから居座るんだろう。

2011-06-10

http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20110610063353

「お前は精神科医か?」って感じるようなコメントidを追ったら、

自身がそういう障害を抱えていたり、失業中だったり、

総じて不遇な感じだったね。

から、相手について分析したいというより、

「I am not OK. You are not OK.」

という自らの世界観現実世界投影して、

自分自身の境遇に防衛的に適応してるんだと思う。

 

から増田自身が勝手に分析されているんじゃなくて、

マスターベーションのおかずにされてるって感じだと思う。

 

 

こんな感じのヤツですか?

2011-05-24

とあるニートの1日

日付が変わる前に寝ようとしてみて起きたら今日AM1:42分ごろに目が覚めて寝れない

夜食?朝食?代わりに祖母が切ってくれてたオレンジを食べながらNHKBS1インテル対どこかのチームのサッカーを5分位見てた。その前に地上波NHK総合爆笑問題番組ホスピスを訪問してたのを30秒位見て即座にBSに変えた訳だ

PCの前に座って、でもスリープから復帰はさせずにラジオNHKFMを少し聞いて最近受験勉強してないなと思いながらマウスクリックしてPCを眠りからます

昨日か一昨日に少し触ったFPS「AVA」をなんとなくやり始めた。このゲーム基本無料の癖に一人でAI相手に練習出来るので、クロスヘアを見なくても画面の真ん中に敵キャラクターの頭部を捉えられるようになるまでひたすらやる

調子が出てきたところでAVAを一旦落として休憩。

それからカーテンの外の世界が青白くなるまでだらだらAVAれる。

それからStarcraft2のIGNプロリーグをJustinTVで観戦。実況解説や配信ページも全部英語なので英語勉強になってるはず。

ずっと英語の実況を聞いてると眠くなってくる。ヘッドホンしたままPCほとんど離れていないベッドに潜り込んで実況を聞きながら試合の様子を想像してると更に意識が遠のいていく。

ヘッドホンを外しても開放型のHD595なので強調された単語は耳に入ってくる。その声を聞きながら眠りに落ちる。AM8時前

起きたのはPM2時40分ごろだったがPCのファンノイズが五月蝿いし、いつの間にか試合も全部終わっていたのでPCスリープさせる作業が途中で入った。

起きてから今までGoogleリーダーTwitterを読んでいた。

少し腹の虫が騒いでいるので何か食べてから散歩に行こうかな この後6時10分から韓国で行われてるStarcraft2のスーパートーナメントを見たいのであまり長くは歩いたりブックマーケット立ち読みに行けない。

ありがとう。それではま

2011-05-19

長さの比較

10^-18 1 am クォーク電子の電磁的な半径の上限

10^-15 1 fm 陽子の半径 :有限の大きさを持つ物質のうち、現在、具体値が知られている最小の大きさ

10^-9 2 nm DNA螺旋の直径

10^-8 90 nm ヒト免疫不全ウイルスHIV〉(一般的なウイルスの大きさは 20 - 450 nm)

10^-7 450 - 500 nm 青の光の波長

10^-6 1 - 10 µm 典型的バクテリアの直径

10^-5 10 µm 典型的な霧や雲の水滴の大きさ

10^-4 100μm ヒトの分解能

10^-3 1 mmジラミの平均的体長

10^-2 2 cm 一円硬貨の直径

10^-1 11 cm ダチョウの卵(生物界で最も大きい細胞)の長径(殻の長径は17 cm

10^0 1.7 m ヒトの平均身長

10^0 5.3 m キリン(最も背が高い現生動物)の平均的全高(頭頂高)

10^1 38.2 m 津波の最大波高

10^2 828.0 m ブルジュ・ハリファの全高(尖塔高)

10^3 8,848 m エベレスト世界最高所)の標高

10^4 14 km ジブラルタル海峡の最も狭い部分の幅

10^5 401 km 東京大阪間の直線距離

10^5 975 km ケレス準惑星)の長直径

10^6 5,262 km ガニメデ太陽系最大の衛星)の直径

10^6 9,289 km シベリア鉄道の長さ

10^7 12,756 km 地球赤道の直径

10^8 142,984 km 木星の直径

10^8 299,792 km 光が1秒間に進む距離(光秒)

10^8 384,000 km 地球から月までの距離(月の軌道の半径)

10^9 1.39 Gm 太陽の直径

10^11 150 Gm 1 天文単位 (AU) -- 太陽から地球までの平均距離

10^12 5.9 Tm 冥王星軌道半径

10^13 15.48 Tm 太陽からボイジャー1号(最も遠くにある人工物)までの距離(2007年7月19日時点

10^15 9.46 Pm 光が1年間に進む距離(光年

10^16 4.22 光年 プロキシマ・ケンタウリ太陽系から最も近い恒星)への距離

10^20 10光年 銀河系円盤の直径

10^22 236万光年 アンドロメダ銀河までの距離

10^24 5億光年 グレートウォール(観測された内で、最も巨大な「宇宙の大構造」)の長さ

10^26 120億光年 最も遠い天体クエーサー)までの距離

10^26 138億光年 観測可能宇宙の半径

2011-05-01

転載

誤字脱字は勘弁な。

I was at home the other night inth middle of my dinner when the phone rang.


ME:Hello.

AT&T:Yes, thie is AT&T...


ME:Thie is AT&T,

AT&T:Yes, this is AT&T.


ME:Is this AT&T.?

AT&T:Yes! This is AT&T, may I speak to Mr.Byron, please?


ME:May I ask who is calling?

AT&T:This is AT&T.


ME:OK, hold on.


At this point I put the phone down for a solid 5 minutes thinking that, surely, this person would have hung up the phone. I ate my salad. Much to my surprise, when I picked up the receiver, they were still waiting,


ME:Hello?

AT&T:Is this Mr.Byron?


ME:May I ask who is calling, please?

AT&T:Yes, this is AT&T...


ME:This is AT&T?

AT&T:Yes, this is AT&T...


ME:The phone company.

AT&T:Yes, sir.


ME:I thought you said this was AT&T.

AT&T:Yes, sir, we are phone company.


ME:I already have a phone.

AT&T:We aren't selling phones today, Mr.Byron. We world like to offer you 10 cents a minute, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year.


ME:Now, that's 10 cents a minute, 24 hours a day?

AT&T:(getting a little excited at this point by my interest) Yes, sir, that's right! 24 hours a day!


ME:7 days a week?

AT&T:That's right.


ME:I am definitely interested in that! Wow!! That's amazing!

AT&T:We think so!


ME:That's quite a sum of money!

AT&TYes, sir, it's amazing how it adds up.


ME:OK, so will you send me checks weekly, monthly or just one big one at the end of the year for the full $52,560; and if you send an annual check, can I get a cash advance?

AT&T:Excuse me?


ME:You know, the 10 cents a minute.

AT&T:What are you talking about?


ME:You said you'd give me 10 cents a minute, 24 horus a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. Thats comes to $144 per day, $1008 per week and $52,560 per year, I'm just interested in knowing how you will be making payment.

AT&T:Oh, no sir. I didn't mean we'd be peying you, You pay us 10 cents a minute.


ME:Wait a minutes. how do you figure that by saying that you'll give me 10 cents a minute, that I'll give YOU 10 cents a minute? Is this some kind of subliminal telemarketing scheme? I've read about things like this in the Enquirer, you know.


AT&T:No, sur, we are offering 10 cents a minute for


ME:THERE YOU GO AGAIN! Can I speak to supervisor please?

AT&T:Sir, I don't think that necessary.


ME:I insist on speaking to supervisor!

AT&T:Yes, Mr.Byron. Pleas hold.


At this point, I begin trying to finish my dinner.


SUPERVISOR:Mr.Byron?

ME:Yeah.


SUPERVISOR:I understand you are not quite understanding our 10 cents a minute program.

ME:is This AT&T?


SUPERVISOR:Yes, sir, it sure is.

ME:(I had to swallow before I choked on my food, It was all I could do to suppress my laughter and I had to be Careful not to produce a snort.) No, actually, I was just waiting for someone to get back to me so that I could sign up fo the plan.


SUPERVISOR:Ok, no problem, I'll transfer you back to the person who was helping you.

ME:Thank you.


I was on hold once again and managed a few more monthfuls. I need to end this conversation. Suddenly, there was an aggravated but polite voice at the other end of the phone.


AT&T:Hello, Mr.Byron, I understand that you are interested in sighning up for our plan?


ME:No, but I was wondering - do you have that "Friend and Family" thing because I'm an only child and I'd really like to have a little brother...


AT&T:click.........

2011-04-21

川崎市の汚染瓦礫受け入れについてBBCメールしてみた

英訳するの前提で日本語書いてたら不自然になったけど。

変な英文しか書けないけど。

殆どGoogle先生にお願いしたけど。

あいいよね。


Please help us to protest, please!


Hello. I am a Japanese womanlives in Tokyo. I am now pregnant.

I am deeply grateful for the BBC to the report on serious accident of the nuclear power plant of first in Fukushima.

Because Japanese mainstream media did not report radioactive contamination seriously.


To happen is a new serious problem in Japan now. Would you cooperate with us?

Is about to be burned debris contaminated radioactive material In Kawasaki City, next to Tokyo.

This debris brings from Fukushima.

If this debris is incinerated in Kawasaki, it would be contaminated by radioactive material to the entire Kanto region.


This problem has been determined at the discretion of the Mayor of Kawasaki City, Takao Abe.

Of course, citizens in Kawasaki are protesting against Kawasaki to accept the debris.

This public protests over two thousand.

However, the mayor is ignoring this protest.

It is an act that violates the right to life of its inhabitants.


We want to stop the radioactive contamination of children and pregnant women and young men and women in Japan.

But, Japanese government has not come up with something even while knowing that measures have been flooded with protests in Kawasaki City.

Japan's mainstream media are not widely reported this problem.


There is no time to start burning debris.

Kawasaki City commented on the transport of debris to begin in April.

Please take this issue on BBC.

Now, many foreigners are in Kawasaki and Tokyo and the Kanto region.

Also spans the risk of radioactive contamination on them.

This issue is no longer just for the Japanese.

Please take this matter greatly on BBC networks.

In Japan today, keeping a close eye on this issue for some Internet users.

But many Japanese are indifferent to this issue.

Thanks for your reading.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

The report of this issue in Japan

http://www.jiji.com/jc/c?g=soc&k=2011041500649

(Transration)

http://www47.atwiki.jp/pboxdro?cmd=upload&act=open&pageid=30&file=jiji+english.txt

----------------------------------------------------------------------


どうか私たちに協力してください!


はじめまして。私は東京に住む妊婦です

福島第一原子力発電所に関するBBC報道に深く感謝しています。

なぜなら日本の大手マスコミ放射能汚染を深刻に報道していないかです


今日本で新しい深刻な問題が起きようとしています。私達に協力していただけませんか?

東京に近い川崎という町で放射性物質に汚染された瓦礫が燃やされようとしています。

この瓦礫は福島から運ばれてきます

もし川崎でこの瓦礫が焼却された場合関東地方全体が放射性物質によって汚染されてしまいます。


この問題は川崎市長の専決で事態が推移しています。もちろん川崎市民は瓦礫を受け入れることに対して抗議しています。抗議は2千件超えています。しか川崎市長はこの市民の声を無視しています。


この部分英訳してない

川崎市長は非常に重大なミスを犯しています。

・安全基準を明確に策定していない

・具体的な検査方法を策定していない

・数千件分の市民からの抗議を無視し強行しようとしている

4月中にも貨物列車を使って汚染された瓦礫を運ぼうとしている


市の担当者は汚染された瓦礫を燃やさないと答えているが、福島現在ほぼ全ての地域で土壌汚染が確認されています。

つまり、現在の状況から検査されていない汚染された瓦礫が運ばれることを避けることができません。


日本子ども妊婦や若い男女がこれ以上放射性物質に汚染されることを避けたいです

しか日本政府川崎市に抗議が殺到していることを知りながら何の対策も打ち出していません。

大手マスコミも全く報道しません。


瓦礫の焼却が始まるまでに時間がありません。

川崎市4月中に瓦礫の移送を始めるとコメントしています。

どうかBBCでもこの問題を取り上げてください。

そして私たちの抗議を取り上げてください。

関東に残っている外国人も多くいます。

どうかこのことを大きく取り上げてください。

今日本では心あるネットユーザーしかこの問題を問題視していません。


最後まで読んでいただきありがとうごいました

----------------------------------------------------------------------

この問題を扱った日本の記事です

http://www.jiji.com/jc/c?g=soc&k=2011041500649

(英訳したものです)

http://www47.atwiki.jp/pboxdro?cmd=upload&act=open&pageid=30&file=jiji+english.txt

----------------------------------------------------------------------

2011-04-18

http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20110418164951

ああ。昔は声優キモヲタの接点なんて週末のAMアニラジくらいしかなかった時代と違って、今はリアルタイムじゃなくても聞けるネットラジオからtwitterまで、危険な接点は多過ぎるくらいだからな。

中学二年生が憤ってしまうだろう地雷ポイントも、相応に多くなってるのだと推察されるよ。

それはそうと、大森玲子かいまどうしてるのかなー(しみじみ)

2011-03-15

ダダ漏れ女子2号そらのちゃん( @ksorano )が震災時にやったこと

炎上騒動で新しいメディアの形、公平中立なジャーナリズムの形を模索していると言っていたそらのちゃん。

すっかり大震災で問題がうやむやになっちゃったけど、新しいジャーナリズムの形を追いかけてるそらのちゃんはいたい今何をやっているのやら。

マスコミ報道姿勢に批判が集まるなか、オルタナティブを目指す新しいメディアはいたい何をやっているんだ?

彼女ツイッターアカウントをのぞいてみよう!



わたしでも今できること、とにかく節電しまくる!まずはそこから

10:57 AM Mar 14th Echofonから

9人がリツイート



……ダメだこりゃ。そりゃ節電は大事だけど節電が新しいメディアのやることかあ?

それ以前は延々公式RTを繰り返している。このなかにデマゴギーがあるかもしれないのにのんきだな。

こんな体たらくでも下心丸出しの中年に応援されていい気になってんだから、とんでもない女だぜ。

リツイートした9人はちゃんと高い教育受けたのかよ。お前ら、いくらそらのを応援したって手コキすらしてもらえないんだぞ。

結局のところ、信頼できる情報源テレビ新聞しかない。

ツイッターは広まるのが早いだけで真実かどうか判断する術はない。

前後ツイートを見ろ」という意見もあるが1ツイートだけを抜き出す公式RTじゃぱっと見判断つかない。

そいつが日頃どんなツイートをしていてデマを流しそうな奴か判断しろだなんてそんな暇はない。ましてや非常時じゃ。

たとえリテラシー高いやつが「これはデマだ」と判断しても全員が高くなることは不可能からリテラシー低いやつが広める。それを止めることは不可能

最終的にそれが真実かどうかを確かめるのは現地に行って裏をとってくるマスコミたちだ。

記者アナウンサー人格と彼らの機動力、調査能力は別。

そこのところを踏まえないと、まともなマスコミ批判はできない。

2011-03-14

福島原子力発電所CNNコメント欄 MIT科学者見解2【東日本巨大地震

When the diesel generators were gone, the reactor operators switched to emergency battery power. The batteries were designed as one of the backups to the backups, to provide power for cooling the core for 8 hours. And they did.

Within the 8 hours, another power source had to be found and connected to the power plant. The power grid was down due to the earthquake. The diesel generators were destroyed by the tsunami. So mobile diesel generators were trucked in.

This is where things started to go seriously wrong. The external power generators could not be connected to the power plant (the plugs did not fit). So after the batteries ran out, the residual heat could not be carried away any more.

At this point the plant operators begin to follow emergency procedures that are in place for a “loss of cooling event”. It is again a step along the “Depth of Defense” lines. The power to the cooling systems should never have failed completely, but it did, so they “retreat” to the next line of defense. All of this, however shocking it seems to us, is part of the day-to-day training you go through as an operator, right through to managing a core meltdown.

It was at this stage that people started to talk about core meltdown. Because at the end of the day, if cooling cannot be restored, the core will eventually melt (after hours or days), and the last line of defense, the core catcher and third containment, would come into play.

But the goal at this stage was to manage the core while it was heating up, and ensure that the first containment (the Zircaloy tubes that contains the nuclear fuel), as well as the second containment (our pressure cooker) remain intact and operational for as long as possible, to give the engineers time to fix the cooling systems.

Because cooling the core is such a big deal, the reactor has a number of cooling systems, each in multiple versions (the reactor water cleanup system, the decay heat removal, the reactor core isolating cooling, the standby liquid cooling system, and the emergency core cooling system). Which one failed when or did not fail is not clear at this point in time.

So imagine our pressure cooker on the stove, heat on low, but on. The operators use whatever cooling system capacity they have to get rid of as much heat as possible, but the pressure starts building up. The priority now is to maintain integrity of the first containment (keep temperature of the fuel rods below 2200°C), as well as the second containment, the pressure cooker. In order to maintain integrity of the pressure cooker (the second containment), the pressure has to be released from time to time. Because the ability to do that in an emergency is so important, the reactor has 11 pressure release valves. The operators now started venting steam from time to time to control the pressure. The temperature at this stage was about 550°C.

This is when the reports about “radiation leakage” starting coming in. I believe I explained above why venting the steam is theoretically the same as releasing radiation into the environment, but why it was and is not dangerous. The radioactive nitrogen as well as the noble gases do not pose a threat to human health.

At some stage during this venting, the explosion occurred. The explosion took place outside of the third containment (our “last line of defense”), and the reactor building. Remember that the reactor building has no function in keeping the radioactivity contained. It is not entirely clear yet what has happened, but this is the likely scenario: The operators decided to vent the steam from the pressure vessel not directly into the environment, but into the space between the third containment and the reactor building (to give the radioactivity in the steam more time to subside). The problem is that at the high temperatures that the core had reached at this stage, water molecules can “disassociate” into oxygen and hydrogen – an explosive mixture. And it did explode, outside the third containment, damaging the reactor building around. It was that sort of explosion, but inside the pressure vessel (because it was badly designed and not managed properly by the operators) that lead to the explosion of Chernobyl. This was never a risk at Fukushima. The problem of hydrogen-oxygen formation is one of the biggies when you design a power plant (if you are not Soviet, that is), so the reactor is build and operated in a way it cannot happen inside the containment. It happened outside, which was not intended but a possible scenario and OK, because it did not pose a risk for the containment.

So the pressure was under control, as steam was vented. Now, if you keep boiling your pot, the problem is that the water level will keep falling and falling. The core is covered by several meters of water in order to allow for some time to pass (hours, days) before it gets exposed. Once the rods start to be exposed at the top, the exposed parts will reach the critical temperature of 2200 °C after about 45 minutes. This is when the first containment, the Zircaloy tube, would fail.

And this started to happen. The cooling could not be restored before there was some (very limited, but still) damage to the casing of some of the fuel. The nuclear material itself was still intact, but the surrounding Zircaloy shell had started melting. What happened now is that some of the byproducts of the uranium decay – radioactive Cesium and Iodine – started to mix with the steam. The big problem, uranium, was still under control, because the uranium oxide rods were good until 3000 °C. It is confirmed that a very small amount of Cesium and Iodine was measured in the steam that was released into the atmosphere.

It seems this was the “go signal” for a major plan B. The small amounts of Cesium that were measured told the operators that the first containment on one of the rods somewhere was about to give. The Plan A had been to restore one of the regular cooling systems to the core. Why that failed is unclear. One plausible explanation is that the tsunami also took away / polluted all the clean water needed for the regular cooling systems.

The water used in the cooling system is very clean, demineralized (like distilled) water. The reason to use pure water is the above mentioned activation by the neutrons from the Uranium: Pure water does not get activated much, so stays practically radioactive-free. Dirt or salt in the water will absorb the neutrons quicker, becoming more radioactive. This has no effect whatsoever on the core – it does not care what it is cooled by. But it makes life more difficult for the operators and mechanics when they have to deal with activated (i.e. slightly radioactive) water.

But Plan A had failed – cooling systems down or additional clean water unavailable – so Plan B came into effect. This is what it looks like happened:

In order to prevent a core meltdown, the operators started to use sea water to cool the core. I am not quite sure if they flooded our pressure cooker with it (the second containment), or if they flooded the third containment, immersing the pressure cooker. But that is not relevant for us.

The point is that the nuclear fuel has now been cooled down. Because the chain reaction has been stopped a long time ago, there is only very little residual heat being produced now. The large amount of cooling water that has been used is sufficient to take up that heat. Because it is a lot of water, the core does not produce sufficient heat any more to produce any significant pressure. Also, boric acid has been added to the seawater. Boric acid is “liquid control rod”. Whatever decay is still going on, the Boron will capture the neutrons and further speed up the cooling down of the core.

The plant came close to a core meltdown. Here is the worst-case scenario that was avoided: If the seawater could not have been used for treatment, the operators would have continued to vent the water steam to avoid pressure buildup. The third containment would then have been completely sealed to allow the core meltdown to happen without releasing radioactive material. After the meltdown, there would have been a waiting period for the intermediate radioactive materials to decay inside the reactor, and all radioactive particles to settle on a surface inside the containment. The cooling system would have been restored eventually, and the molten core cooled to a manageable temperature. The containment would have been cleaned up on the inside. Then a messy job of removing the molten core from the containment would have begun, packing the (now solid again) fuel bit by bit into transportation containers to be shipped to processing plants. Depending on the damage, the block of the plant would then either be repaired or dismantled.

Now, where does that leave us?

・The plant is safe now and will stay safe.

Japan is looking at an INES Level 4 Accident: Nuclear accident with local consequences. That is bad for the company that owns the plant, but not for anyone else.

・Some radiation was released when the pressure vessel was vented. All radioactive isotopes from the activated steam have gone (decayed). A very small amount of Cesium was released, as well as Iodine. If you were sitting on top of the plants’ chimney when they were venting, you should probably give up smoking to return to your former life expectancy. The Cesium and Iodine isotopes were carried out to the sea and will never be seen again.

・There was some limited damage to the first containment. That means that some amounts of radioactive Cesium and Iodine will also be released into the cooling water, but no Uranium or other nasty stuff (the Uranium oxide does not “dissolve” in the water). There are facilities for treating the cooling water inside the third containment. The radioactive Cesium and Iodine will be removed there and eventually stored as radioactive waste in terminal storage.

・The seawater used as cooling water will be activated to some degree. Because the control rods are fully inserted, the Uranium chain reaction is not happening. That means the “main” nuclear reaction is not happening, thus not contributing to the activation. The intermediate radioactive materials (Cesium and Iodine) are also almost gone at this stage, because the Uranium decay was stopped a long time ago. This further reduces the activation. The bottom line is that there will be some low level of activation of the seawater, which will also be removed by the treatment facilities.

・The seawater will then be replaced over time with the “normal” cooling water

・The reactor core will then be dismantled and transported to a processing facility, just like during a regular fuel change.

Fuel rods and the entire plant will be checked for potential damage. This will take about 4-5 years.

・The safety systems on all Japanese plants will be upgraded to withstand a 9.0 earthquake and tsunami (or worse)

・I believe the most significant problem will be a prolonged power shortage. About half of Japan’s nuclear reactors will probably have to be inspected, reducing the nation’s power generating capacity by 15%. This will probably be covered by running gas power plants that are usually only used for peak loads to cover some of the base load as well. That will increase your electricity bill, as well as lead to potential power shortages during peak demand, in Japan.

If you want to stay informed, please forget the usual media outlets and consult the following websites:

http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/RS_Battle_to_stabilise_earthquake_reactors_1203111.html

http://bravenewclimate.com/2011/03/12/japan-nuclear-earthquake/

http://ansnuclearcafe.org/2011/03/11/media-updates-on-nuclear-power-stations-in-japan/

福島原子力発電所CNNコメント欄 MIT科学者科学者見解1【東日本巨大地震

結論:大丈夫


MvK2010

I'm going to copy paste a full blog post of a research scientist at MIT here, who explains the situation at Fukushima much better than anyone else has, his message: no worries.

This post is by Dr Josef Oehmen, a research scientist at MIT, in Boston.

He is a PhD Scientist, whose father has extensive experience in Germany’s nuclear industry. I asked him to write this information to my family in Australia, who were being made sick with worry by the media reports coming from Japan. I am republishing it with his permission.

It is a few hours old, so if any information is out of date, blame me for the delay in getting it published.

This is his text in full and unedited. It is very long, so get comfy.

I am writing this text (Mar 12) to give you some peace of mind regarding some of the troubles in Japan, that is the safety of Japan’s nuclear reactors. Up front, the situation is serious, but under control. And this text is long! But you will know more about nuclear power plants after reading it than all journalists on this planet put together.

There was and will *not* be any significant release of radioactivity.

By “significant” I mean a level of radiation of more than what you would receive on – say – a long distance flight, or drinking a glass of beer that comes from certain areas with high levels of natural background radiation.

I have been reading every news release on the incident since the earthquake. There has not been one single (!) report that was accurate and free of errors (and part of that problem is also a weakness in the Japanese crisis communication). By “not free of errors” I do not refer to tendentious anti-nuclear journalism – that is quite normal these days. By “not free of errors” I mean blatant errors regarding physics and natural law, as well as gross misinterpretation of facts, due to an obvious lack of fundamental and basic understanding of the way nuclear reactors are build and operated. I have read a 3 page report on CNN where every single paragraph contained an error.

We will have to cover some fundamentals, before we get into what is going on.

Construction of the Fukushima nuclear power plants

The plants at Fukushima are so called Boiling Water Reactors, or BWR for short. Boiling Water Reactors are similar to a pressure cooker. The nuclear fuel heats water, the water boils and creates steam, the steam then drives turbines that create the electricity, and the steam is then cooled and condensed back to water, and the water send back to be heated by the nuclear fuel. The pressure cooker operates at about 250 °C.

The nuclear fuel is uranium oxide. Uranium oxide is a ceramic with a very high melting point of about 3000 °C. The fuel is manufactured in pellets (think little cylinders the size of Lego bricks). Those pieces are then put into a long tube made of Zircaloy with a melting point of 2200 °C, and sealed tight. The assembly is called a fuel rod. These fuel rods are then put together to form larger packages, and a number of these packages are then put into the reactor. All these packages together are referred to as “the core”.

The Zircaloy casing is the first containment. It separates the radioactive fuel from the rest of the world.

The core is then placed in the “pressure vessels”. That is the pressure cooker we talked about before. The pressure vessels is the second containment. This is one sturdy piece of a pot, designed to safely contain the core for temperatures several hundred °C. That covers the scenarios where cooling can be restored at some point.

The entire “hardware” of the nuclear reactor – the pressure vessel and all pipes, pumps, coolant (water) reserves, are then encased in the third containment. The third containment is a hermetically (air tight) sealed, very thick bubble of the strongest steel. The third containment is designed, built and tested for one single purpose: To contain, indefinitely, a complete core meltdown. For that purpose, a large and thick concrete basin is cast under the pressure vessel (the second containment), which is filled with graphite, all inside the third containment. This is the so-called “core catcher”. If the core melts and the pressure vessel bursts (and eventually melts), it will catch the molten fuel and everything else. It is built in such a way that the nuclear fuel will be spread out, so it can cool down.

This third containment is then surrounded by the reactor building. The reactor building is an outer shell that is supposed to keep the weather out, but nothing in. (this is the part that was damaged in the explosion, but more to that later).

Fundamentals of nuclear reactions

The uranium fuel generates heat by nuclear fission. Big uranium atoms are split into smaller atoms. That generates heat plus neutrons (one of the particles that forms an atom). When the neutron hits another uranium atom, that splits, generating more neutrons and so on. That is called the nuclear chain reaction.

Now, just packing a lot of fuel rods next to each other would quickly lead to overheating and after about 45 minutes to a melting of the fuel rods. It is worth mentioning at this point that the nuclear fuel in a reactor can *never* cause a nuclear explosion the type of a nuclear bomb. Building a nuclear bomb is actually quite difficult (ask Iran). In Chernobyl, the explosion was caused by excessive pressure buildup, hydrogen explosion and rupture of all containments, propelling molten core material into the environment (a “dirty bomb”). Why that did not and will not happen in Japan, further below.

In order to control the nuclear chain reaction, the reactor operators use so-called “moderator rods”. The moderator rods absorb the neutrons and kill the chain reaction instantaneously. A nuclear reactor is built in such a way, that when operating normally, you take out all the moderator rods. The coolant water then takes away the heat (and converts it into steam and electricity) at the same rate as the core produces it. And you have a lot of leeway around the standard operating point of 250°C.

The challenge is that after inserting the rods and stopping the chain reaction, the core still keeps producing heat. The uranium “stopped” the chain reaction. But a number of intermediate radioactive elements are created by the uranium during its fission process, most notably Cesium and Iodine isotopes, i.e. radioactive versions of these elements that will eventually split up into smaller atoms and not be radioactive anymore. Those elements keep decaying and producing heat. Because they are not regenerated any longer from the uranium (the uranium stopped decaying after the moderator rods were put in), they get less and less, and so the core cools down over a matter of days, until those intermediate radioactive elements are used up.

This residual heat is causing the headaches right now.

So the first “type” of radioactive material is the uranium in the fuel rods, plus the intermediate radioactive elements that the uranium splits into, also inside the fuel rod (Cesium and Iodine).

There is a second type of radioactive material created, outside the fuel rods. The big main difference up front: Those radioactive materials have a very short half-life, that means that they decay very fast and split into non-radioactive materials. By fast I mean seconds. So if these radioactive materials are released into the environment, yes, radioactivity was released, but no, it is not dangerous, at all. Why? By the time you spelled “R-A-D-I-O-N-U-C-L-I-D-E”, they will be harmless, because they will have split up into non radioactive elements. Those radioactive elements are N-16, the radioactive isotope (or version) of nitrogen (air). The others are noble gases such as Xenon. But where do they come from? When the uranium splits, it generates a neutron (see above). Most of these neutrons will hit other uranium atoms and keep the nuclear chain reaction going. But some will leave the fuel rod and hit the water molecules, or the air that is in the water. Then, a non-radioactive element can “capture” the neutron. It becomes radioactive. As described above, it will quickly (seconds) get rid again of the neutron to return to its former beautiful self.

This second “type” of radiation is very important when we talk about the radioactivity being released into the environment later on.

What happened at Fukushima

I will try to summarize the main facts. The earthquake that hit Japan was 7 times more powerful than the worst earthquake the nuclear power plant was built for (the Richter scale works logarithmically; the difference between the 8.2 that the plants were built for and the 8.9 that happened is 7 times, not 0.7). So the first hooray for Japanese engineering, everything held up.

When the earthquake hit with 8.9, the nuclear reactors all went into automatic shutdown. Within seconds after the earthquake started, the moderator rods had been inserted into the core and nuclear chain reaction of the uranium stopped. Now, the cooling system has to carry away the residual heat. The residual heat load is about 3% of the heat load under normal operating conditions.

The earthquake destroyed the external power supply of the nuclear reactor. That is one of the most serious accidents for a nuclear power plant, and accordingly, a “plant black out” receives a lot of attention when designing backup systems. The power is needed to keep the coolant pumps working. Since the power plant had been shut down, it cannot produce any electricity by itself any more.

Things were going well for an hour. One set of multiple sets of emergency Diesel power generators kicked in and provided the electricity that was needed. Then the Tsunami came, much bigger than people had expected when building the power plant (see above, factor 7). The tsunami took out all multiple sets of backup Diesel generators.

When designing a nuclear power plant, engineers follow a philosophy called “Defense of Depth”. That means that you first build everything to withstand the worst catastrophe you can imagine, and then design the plant in such a way that it can still handle one system failure (that you thought could never happen) after the other. A tsunami taking out all backup power in one swift strike is such a scenario. The last line of defense is putting everything into the third containment (see above), that will keep everything, whatever the mess, moderator rods in our out, core molten or not, inside the reactor.

http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20110314030613

へ続く

2011-02-06

http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20110206211219

I am the bone of my sword.  

Steel is my body,and fire is my blood.  

I have created over a thousand blades.  

Unknown to Death.

Nor known to Life.

Have withstood pain to create many weapons.

waiting for one's arrival

I have no regrets.This is the only path.  

So as I pray,unlimited blade works.

2010-12-17

DropBox日独西仏語対応に対する、他言語ユーザーの反応。

DropBoxというファイル共有サービスがありまして。

これまで英語のみでサービスを行っていたのですが、

今回、ベータ版ということで、日、独、西、仏語対応を開始しました

それに対する、他言語ユーザーからの反応。

中立的に訳したつもりですが、一部香ばしいのが沸いてますね。。。

なんでここまで上から目線なんだろう。国民性なんですかねぇ。


中国語

well this is exciting...any chance of chinese? ;-)

すごいね。。。中国語対応は無理かな?

ポルトガル語

Hi, I am currently the pt-BR translator for Xmarks, feel free to contact me anytime when translating to pt-BR, I love Dropbox and will be honored to help.

やあ。僕は今、Xmarkというソフトで、ポルトガル語翻訳担当しているんだけれど、もし、ポルトガル語翻訳の必要があったら、いつでも声をかけてね。

DropBoxは大好きだし、サポートできるなら嬉しいと思っているよ。

イタリア語

I'm ready for Italian translation.

いつでもイタリア語翻訳するよ。

ロシア語

what about russian? ;)

ロシア語まだかよ!(^^)

オランダ語

If you want to be freaky and consider a Dutch version, I am here ;-)

もし、妙なものに手を出したくて、オランダ語バージョンを考えているなら、いつでも手伝うよ!

韓国語

How about Korean? Great market, go for it! I've already seen people using Dropbox here, sweeet!

韓国語まだかよ!素晴らしいマーケットだ。やってみろ!

DropBoxユーザーを見かけたことあるし。

2010-12-03

FMニュース天気予報だけ流してくれるとこある?

アメリカだとテレビであるよね

天気予報だけだけど

うざいバラエティかいらんからだらだらニュースだけ流してくれんかと思う

音楽たまには許すが基本ニュース

NHKAMがあるけど、アナウンサーがじじ臭いっていうか

FMのセンスで、たんたんとNHKニュース流すようなのないか

2010-10-29

鬱病に悩む

be afflicted with [by] depression

私は鬱病に悩んでいます

I am afflicted with depression.

彼は鬱病に悩んでいました

He was afflicted with depression.

彼女鬱病に悩んでいません

She is not afflicted with depression.

- 転職ならen
- 派遣ならen
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